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INDONESIA
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Published by The Prodia Education and Research Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 13, No 1 (2021)" : 13 Documents clear
Association of AID and MUM1 by Immunohistochemistry in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Mardiah Suci Hardianti; Syahru Agung Setiawan; Nungki Anggorowati; Wiwiek Probowati
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1421

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease with dysregulation of somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) have been known to contribute for its lymphomagenesis. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) enzyme plays a vital role for both processes. Multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1) is known to upregulate the AID expression in normal and pathological conditions. However, both AID and MUM1 expression association in DLBCL is still unexplored using immunohistochemistry method. We examined DLBCL samples and then retrospectively tested its correlation with clinical findings.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study with 20 cases of DLBCL biopsy tissue with AID and MUM1 antibody was conducted. The samples were then classified into concordant (AID+/MUM1+ or AID-/MUM1-) and discordant group (AID-/MUM1+). The clinicopathological comparison was performed to observe any association between immunohistochemistry expression and clinical findings.RESULTS: Among 20 samples of DLBCL, concordant expression rate of AID and MUM1 was 80% with kappa Cohen’s of 0.578 (p=0.004). A significant association was observed between AID and MUM1 expression with a prevalence ratio of 2.25 (95% CI: 1.08-4.67; p=0.008). Clinical characteristics were not significantly different between each group. Restricted mean survival time was shorter in the concordant group compared with the discordant group but statistically insignificant (21.16 vs. 22.5 months; p=0.531).CONCLUSION: The result of this study showed the association between AID and MUM1 expression in DLBCL. However, whether the association may add further molecular heterogeneity of DLBCL is still to be confirmed by expanding the study.KEYWORDS: AID, CSR, DLBCL, MUM1, SHM
Robusta Extract Cream Ameliorated Ultraviolet B-induced Wrinkle Skin of Mice by the Regulation of Epidermal Thickness and Inhibition of MMP-1 Dimpuulina Erna Mariati; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Ronny Lesmana; Astrid Feinisa Khairani; Julia Windi Gunadi; Vita Murniati Tarawan; Unang Supratman; Hanna Goenawan
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1428

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recently, coffee is widely used for preventing photoaging because of its antioxidant capacity. Among two kinds of coffee, robusta coffee has higher content of antioxidant such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeine. Researchs about robusta coffee bean effect on photoaging due to UVB radiation is still limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of robusta extract cream (RE cream) on preventing wrinkle in mice induced by ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation.METHODS: RE cream was made by mixing RE coffee with moisturizing cream in different concentration (10%, 20%, and 40%). Twenty-five male of Mus musculus Balb/c strain mice aged 4 weeks were divided into five groups; control group, UVB group, UVB + 10% RE group, UVB + 20% RE group, and UVB + 40% RE group. The UVB groups were given UVB radiation three times a week with an exposure duration of 100 seconds per time for ten weeks. At the end of the treatment, skin samples were excised and statined histologically, also were analyzed for their protein expression. Evaluation of wrinkles was carried out using the Bissete method before and after treatment. To evaluate the thickness of the epidermis, HE staining was performed, while masson Trichome staining was performed to determine the collagen content.RESULTS: RE cream-treated groups showed lower wrinkle score compared to the control group. Furthermore, in UVB + 10% RE group, the RE cream application reduce wrinkle formation. In UVB + 10% RE group and UVB + 20% RE group, the RE cream application increased epidermal thickness and collagen content (p=0.00). While collagenase, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression was lower in UVB + 20% RE group compared to the UVB group (p<0.05), however the MMP1 expression in UVB + 40% RE group was higher than other treatment group.CONCLUSION: RE cream prevents wrinkle by maintaining epidermal thickness and collagen contain. RE cream also decreases MMP-1 expression in mice.KEYWORDS: coffee, collagen, MMP-1, robusta, wrinkle
Nutritional Biomarkers for Predicting Pancreatic Beta Cell Failure in Central Obesity Miftakh Nur Rahman; Ajeng Diantini; Miswar Fattah; Melisa Intan Barliana
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1440

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is a continuous rise in the prevalence of central obesity and become a pressing health problem in the world. Central obesity followed by many metabolic disorders especially Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The pathogenesis started from overnutrition signal that force pancreatic beta cells to produce a large number of insulin. Low-grade chronic inflammation that occurred also affects the organs sensitivity against insulin and caused beta cells to compensated this situation and at the end become exhausted and loss its function.CONTENT: Along compensation mechanism, certain nutrients were support the beta cells to maintain their mass and function to produce insulin. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are gut microbiota fermentation product that act as nutrient and give an advantage to the proliferation and survivability of the beta cells. Zinc (Zn) also plays an important role in every step of insulin production. Moreover, these nutrients protecting pancreas against inflammation and oxidative stress through certain mechanism. Most of patients with central obesity are unaware of the presence of this disturbance at early stage. Whereas, at molecular level there is a magnitude of SCFAs and Zn level in the blood that would become an early signal and predict the damage of beta cells.SUMMARY: Quantification of these two nutrients in the blood expected to provide an early warning tool to maintain insulin adequacy and predict the possibility of beta cell failure in central obesity with promising performance.KEYWORDS: central obesity, T2DM, SCFAs, Zinc, beta cell failure 
Splice-site and Frameshift Mutations of β-Globin Gene Found in Thalassemia Carrier Screening in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia Niken Satuti Nur Handayani; Nailil Husna; Gunawan Rahmil; Riris Anindya Ghifari; Lily Widyawati; Indra Lesmana
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1406

Abstract

BACKGROUND: β-thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that relatively common in Southeast Asian countries. In Indonesia, it is estimated that 200,000 infants with thalassemia carrier born each year. Mutation causing β-thalassemia is highly varied and relatively specific in a population. This study aimed to identify the mutations responsible for β-thalassemia from Thalassemia Carrier Screening conducted in Yogyakarta Special Region. This information is beneficial for developing a strategic prevention program to control thalassemia in the region.METHODS: Twenty-eight blood samples of haematologically suspected β-thalassemia from participant of thalassemia screening program in Yogyakarta Special Region were investigated for β-globin gene mutation by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and DNA sequencing.RESULTS: Our samples showed average HbA2 value of 5±0.81% and HbF value of 2±2.29%. It showed eight abnormal erythrocyte morphologies dominated by hypochromia (96.4%), cigar cell (85.7%), and microcytosis (78.6%). Our molecular investigation identified three splice-site mutations namely InterVening Sequence (IVS)-1-5 (G>C) (71.4%), IVS-1-2 (T>C) (7.1%), and IVS-1-1 (G>T) (3.6%), two frameshift mutations that are CD35 (-C) (10.7%) and CD8/9 (+G) (3.6%), and a missense mutation of CD6 (GAG>GTG) (3.6%).CONCLUSION: Our study concluded on a high prevalence of IVS-1-5 (G>C) mutation in Yogyakarta Special Region. This mutation information is significant for developing a strategic prevention program to control thalassemia in the region, for example for developing a rapid molecular test for future screening program.KEYWORDS: β-Globin gene, thalassemia, screening, carrier, mutation, Yogyakarta
Musa balbisiana and Musa paradisiaca Starches Increase SCFA and Caspase-3 as well as Decrease β-glucuronidase and MDA of Mouse Model for Colon Cancer Diana Nur Afifah; Fauzia Purnamasari; Luthfiatul Khusna; Noviasti Rahma Utami; Aida Fitri Nazillah; Syafira Noor Pratiwi; Fillah Fithra Dieny; Aryu Candra; Ayu Rahadiyanti; Rachma Purwanti; Enny Probosari; Martha Ardiaria; Nyoman Suci Widiastiti; Ferry Sandra
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1320

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Administration of resistant starch (RS) influences the diversity and the composition of microbiota as well as inhibits the growth of cancer cell. Banana as a potential source of RS has been reported. Although Musa paradisiaca has been reported to induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells, Musa balbisiana, which has low glycemic index and suitable for particular patients, has not been investigated yet.METHODS: Starches of M. balbisiana and M. paradisiaca were prepared and mixed with other components to make 3 types of mouse pellets. Mouse model for colon cancer was prepared and fed with different types of mouse pellets. Blood was collected and processed for measuring β-glucuronidase and malondialdehyde (MDA) with Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Resected ceca were incised to collect the inner part for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) measurement with gas chromatography analysis. Resected colas were fixed and processed for immunohistochemistry to detect Caspase-3.RESULTS: Colon-cancer-mice fed with the M. balbisiana and M. paradisiaca starches-contained pellets had significant higher concentrations of total SCFA (p=0.003), acetic acid (p=0.000), propionic acid (p=0.000) and butyric acid (p=0.000); lower concentration of β-glucuronidase (p<0.001); higher Caspase-3 score (p=0.040); and lower MDA concentration (p<0.001) than colon-cancer-mice fed with standard pellet (control).CONCLUSION: M. balbisiana and M. paradisiaca starches could be suggested as potential anti-colon cancer RS. Further research should be carried out to disclose the starches mechanisms in colon cancer cell.KEYWORDS: Musa balbisiana, Musa paradisiaca, colon cancer, resistant starch, Caspase-3, SCFA, β-glucuronidase, malondialdehyde
Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Locus 13q33.1-34 in Multigenerational Families of Cleft Lip Palate using MassArray Praveen Kumar Neela; Srinivas Reddy Gosla; Akhter Husain; Vasavi Mohan; Sravya Thumoju; Rajeshwari Rajeshwari
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1239

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cleft lip palate is a common congenital anomaly with multifactorial etiology. Many high-risk markers at different loci were reported to be involved in its etiology. Advanced genetic research led to the discovery of evidence of a new linkage on 13q33.1-34 region at marker rs1830756 in two multigenerational Indian families. However, no further study was reported to confirm or validate this linkage in other families. Hence, the present study was designed.METHODS: Twenty multigenerational families affected by non-syndromic cleft lip palate were selected for the study. Polymorphisms, rs1830756, rs1323672, rs1935135 of FAM155A gene; rs1961495, rs953386, rs1411040 of COL4A1 gene; and rs726449, rs984300 of MYO16 gene were selected. Genomic DNA was isolated and sent for genetic analysis by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping using the MassArray method. Statistical analysis of the genomic data was done by PLINK. Bonferroni correction was applied and haplotype analysis was done using Haploview software.RESULTS: Polymorphisms followed the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. In the allelic association, all the polymorphisms analysed showed no statistical significance. Hence, there was no significant difference in the allelic frequencies between non-syndromic cleft lip palate patients and healthy controls. The odds ratio was not more than 1.6 for all the SNPs. Haplotype analysis showed that haplotypes were not significantly higher in non-syndromic cleft patients than in control subjects.CONCLUSION: There is no association between SNPs analysed in the locus 13q33.1-34 with cleft lip palate.KEYWORDS: cleft lip palate, chromosome, polymorphism
The Role of MMP-9 and VEGF in the Invasion State of Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Novalia Chumaladewi Guntarno; Anny Setijo Rahaju; Nila Kurniasari
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1348

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer is the tenth-most common cancer in worldwide and the majority are urothelial carcinomas. The depth of invasion plays important role in the prognostic and therapeutic factor in urothelial carcinomas. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) may associated with the progression of bladder carcinoma, such as depth of invasion. In this study, the correlation between these two markers in urothelial bladder carcinoma invasion will be analyzed.METHODS: An analytical observational research with cross-sectional were conducted on 54 formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from radical cystectomy (RC) which were diagnosed as bladder urothelial carcinoma at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya and divided based on the T stage were immunostained using VEGF and MMP-9 monoclonal antibodies. The difference of VEGF and MMP-9 expression in T stage of bladder urothelial carcinoma were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Anova test, the correlation between VEGF and MMP-9 expression in various T stage of bladder urothelial carcinoma were analyzed using Spearman test. RESULTS: This study showed no significant difference of VEGF expression among T stage of bladder urothelial carcinoma (p>0.05) but there was significant difference of MMP-9 expression in T stage of bladder urothelial carcinoma (p=0.043). There was a correlation between VEGF and MMP-9 in various T stage of bladder urothelial carcinoma (rs= 0.50, p=0.001).CONCLUSION: The significant correlation of VEGF and MMP-9 expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma may prove the synergistically role of both proteins in tumor invasion by MMP-9 degradation extracellular matrix.KEYWORDS: urothelial carcinoma, VEGF, MMP-9, T stage
Intratumoral and Peritumoral Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and MGMT mRNA Expression in Different Meningioma Histopathological Grade Rahmad Mulyadi; Mochamma Hatta; Andi Asadul Islam; Bachtiar Murtala; Jumraini Tammase; Muhammad Firdaus; Eka Susanto; Joedo Prihartono
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1338

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosing meningioma and determining the treatments. However, it is invasive in nature. This study was conducted to identify intratumoral and peritumoral apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and mRNA O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) expression in meningioma.METHODS: Data were collected from 39 patients who were clinically diagnosed with meningioma. However, only 37 patients met the inclusion criteria. These subjects then underwent examinations and received treatment from October 2017 to September 2018. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data with diffusion-weighted imaging-apparent diffusion coefficient (DWI-ADC) sequence, histopathological diagnosis of meningioma, and results of MGMT mRNA expression were obtained.RESULTS: The most frequent type of low-grade and overall tumor was meningioma not otherwise specified (56.8%). For high-grade tumor, there were two atypical cases: atypical meningioma (2.7%) and rhabdoid meningioma (2.7%). Meningothelial meningioma had the highest mean value of minimum intratumoral ADC at 864.57±219 x10-3 mm2/s, whereas rhabdoid meningioma had the lowest at 417 x10-3 mm2/s. For minimum peritumoral ADC, rhabdoid meningioma had the highest mean value at 1,651 x10-3 mm2/s, while atypical meningioma has the lowest at 1,281 x10-3 mm2/s. For MGMT mRNA, meningothelial meningioma had the highest mean value at 10±1.2 fold change, whereas rhabdoid meningioma had the lowest mean at 6.18 fold change.CONCLUSION: WHO grade I meningiomas had higher minimum intratumoral ADC values and higher MGMT mRNA expression than the high-grade tumors. Minimum peritumoral ADC values differed across the histopathological grades.KEYWORDS: meningioma, RNA, messenger, MRI, methyltransferases, RT-PCR, ADC, MGMT mRNA
Vasoactive-inotropic Score for Early Detection and Mortality Prediction of Sepsis in Children Aileen Clarissa Dauhan; Aridamuriany Dwiputri Lubis; Munar Lubis
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1323

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Early detection and treatment of sepsis can prevent septic shock and reduce mortality rate. Troponin can become a prognostic factor in sepsis. However, not all health facilities are equipped to assess troponin levels. Vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) is a simpler and more accessible method to describe hemodynamic status. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of VIS score as early prognosis and mortality predictor of sepsisMETHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to determine the correlation between VIS and troponin levels for sepsis cases in Pediatric Intensive Care Unity (PICU) Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan from January 2018 to December 2019. VIS score at 48 hours, maximum VIS score, pediatric logistic organ dysfunction-2 (PELOD-2) score, cardiac troponin levels at 48 hours were taken from medical records.RESULTS: There were 54 samples analyzed. VIS scores were positively correlated (p<0.001) to troponin T and troponin I levels at 48 hours (r=0.670 and r=0.606, respectively). VIS at 48 hours and maximum VIS were related to mortality (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). VIS score at 48 hours could be used as a predictive factor for mortality (area under the curve (AUC): 79.7%, p<0.001) with a cut-off point at 11 (74.4% sensitivity and 80% specificity). High VIS at 48 hours indicated poor outcomes of sepsis in children with odd ratio (OR) value: 1.99 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25-3.19).CONCLUSION: Vasoactive-inotropic score was suitable as an alternative to cardiac troponin T and troponin I levels at 48 hours to early detect myocardial dysfunctions and mortality in children.KEYWORDS: troponin, vasoactive-inotropic score, sepsis, children, mortality
The Effect of Nutmeg Seed (M. fragrans) Extracts Induces Apoptosis in Melanoma Maligna Cell’s (B16-F10) Susianti Susianti; Ronny Lesmana; Supriatno Salam; Euis Julaeha; Yuni Susanti Pratiwi; Nova Sylviana; Hanna Goenawan; Ahmad Kurniawan; Unang Supratman
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1424

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans H.), one of native plants of Maluku Indonesia, has long been used as traditional medicines especially to treat tumors, externally to treat skin infections. M. fragrans also has important biological activities as anticancer. However, antimelanoma activity of M. fragrans remains unknown. The aim of this study is to compare M. fragrans extracts as anticancer on melanoma B16-F10 cells by inducing apoptosis.METHODS: M. fragrans seed was extracted with ethanol then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. B16-F10 melanoma cells were cultured and treated with various doses and tested using resazurin reduction assay. Apoptosis signalling via caspase-3 was measured by using western blot.RESULTS: The extract and fractions of M. fragrans reduced viability of cells with IC50 value for ethanol extract 21.83 µg/mL, ethyl acetate fraction 21.66 µg/mL, n-hexane fraction 47.53 µg/mL, and n-butanol fraction >1,000 µg/mL. The active fraction of ethyl acetate induced apoptosis via caspase-3 proteins similar with cisplatin as positive control in B16-F10 cells at 10 hours treatment.CONCLUSION: Taken together, M. fragrans ethyl acetate fraction has the highest IC50 than n-hexane and n-butanol fractions that significantly inhibited B16-F10 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis via caspase-3. It provides the insight that it has the most potential activity as a chemopreventive agent for addressing melanoma skin cancer.KEYWORDS: M. fragrans, apoptosis, fraction, melanoma

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