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INDONESIA
Science and Technology Indonesia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 25804405     EISSN : 25804391     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, July, October). Science and Technology Indonesia is an international scholarly journal on the field of science and technology aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that covers a typical subject of natural science and technology such as: > Chemistry > Biology > Physics > Marine Science > Pharmacy > Chemical Engineering > Environmental Science and Engineering > Computational Engineering > Biotechnology Journal Commencement: October 2016
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Articles 26 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April" : 26 Documents clear
An Updated Water Masses Stratification of Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) Attributed to Normal and ENSO Conditions by Argo Float Bahiyah, Amirotul; Wirasatriya, Anindya; Mardiansyah, Wijaya; Iskandar, Iskhaq
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.299-313

Abstract

The tropical area of the Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) is frequently regulated by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), resulting in various water mass stratification in every climate event, such as El Niño and La Niña occurrences. As a consequence, changes in the typical Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) are linked to ENSO circumstances that affect the Indian Ocean. This study used Argo float data to evaluate the change in water mass stratification and vertical density profiles along the main pathway of ITF at each event. However, due to a scarcity of observation data, the comparison study of normal to ENSO occurrences has been limited in the ITF area. In typical circumstances throughout the year, the entrance channel (the western Pacific Ocean, the northern waters of Molucca Island, and the Halmahera Sea) had a higher saline value and cooler water masses than other ITF channels, with a range of roughly 33.5 - 35.5 PSU/13 - 22 ◦C, particularly during the Northwest (NW) Monsoon (December to February or DJF). Unlike the inlet, the Temperature-Salinity (T-S) diagram showed a declining value in both parameters (Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait, and Molucca Sea). Still, the outflow pathway in the Southeastern Tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) showed a rising T-S diagram. During La Niña events, IMC water masses are often portrayed as fresher and warmer, while reverse circumstances are depicted in El Niño events with exclusion at SETIO station, indicating saltier and colder water masses than normal conditions. An extreme alteration with a large T-S range is mostly depicted in Makassar Strait from Southeast (SE) monsoon (September to November or SON) to NW monsoon, followed by the Banda Sea and then the Molucca Sea.
Results on Toeplitz Determinants for Subclasses of Analytic Functions Associated to q-Derivative Operator Nurali, Nurdiana Binti; Janteng, Aini
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.354-358

Abstract

An analytic function, also known as a holomorphic function, is a complex-valued function that is differentiable at every point within a given domain. In other words, a function f (z) is analytic in a domain U if it has a derivative f′(z) at every point z in U. Let A represent the set of functions f that are analytic within the open unit disk D = {z ∈ ℂ : |z| < 1}. These functions possess a normalized Taylor-Maclaurin series expansion written in the form f (z) = z + Í∞ n=2 an z n where an ∈ ℂ, n = 2, 3, . . .. In recent years, the field of q-calculus has gained significant attention and research interest among mathematicians. The applications of this field are broadly applied in numerous subdivisions of physics and mathematics. In this research, we assume that S∗q and ℝq are subclasses of analytic functions obtained by applying the q-derivative operator. The objective of this paper is to obtain estimates for coefficient inequalities and Toeplitz determinants whose elements are the coefficients an for f ∈ S∗q and f ∈ Rq .
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO/Cellulose Acetate Composite and its Activity as Antibacterial Agent Khefanny, Yemima Chellyne; Charlena; Sugiarti, Sri
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.215-223

Abstract

Cellulose is an abundant natural polymer that can be applied in various fields. Cellulose has many types and derivatives, one of which is cellulose acetate. Cellulose can be obtained from various natural sources such as kepok banana peel. The a-cellulose content in kepok banana peel is high enough at 94% so that it can be utilized as a cellulose acetate raw material. Modification of cellulose acetate using antibacterial agents is needed, considering that cellulose does not have antibacterial properties. Metal oxide materials such as ZnO nanoparticles are used as antibacterial agents. This study added ZnO nanoparticles to cellulose acetate and tested its antibacterial activity. The characteristics of ZnO were analyzed by UV-Vis, PSA, and FTIR. The characteristics of cellulose acetate and composites were analyzed by FTIR and XRD. Antibacterial activity tests were performed on all samples. The results showed the band gap value of ZnO was 3.37 eV. The average size of ZnO nanoparticle distribution using PSA was 96.23 nm with an average PI value of 0.151. An indicator that the ZnO compound and cellulose acetate have been sucessfully mixed is the absorption band at wave number 488 cm−1. A composite crystal size of 24.14 nm and a crystallinity percentage of 34.05% were found using XRD data. S. aureus bacteria are more inhibited by all evaluated substances antibacterial properties than E. coli germs. ZnO/Cellulose Acetate composite is categorized as strong inhibition, while ZnO nanoparticles are categorized as medium inhibition.
Synthesis of a 3D Porous Multicomponent Bioceramic Scaffold Sari, Yessie Widya; Munir, Ryaas Mishbachul; Saputra, Angga; Sari, Mona; Aminatun; Suciati, Tri; Mohamad, Che Wan Sharifah Robiah; Gunawarman; Yusuf, Yusril
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.235-243

Abstract

In this study, 3D porous multicomponent bioceramic scaffolds were fabricated. Hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (CHA) synthesized from Asian moon scallop shell (Amusium pleuronectes) served as the bioceramics, whereas alginate and chitosan served as the polymeric components. The study was focused on determining whether the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the scaffold exerted an impact. When PVA was not included, the morphological examination revealed that the samples exhibited porous structures characterized by effective pore interconnectivity and a substantial pore size. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic analyses indicated that the inclusion of PVA led to a decrease in the crystallinity, pore size, and porosity of the scaffolds. Those containing PVA exhibited porosity levels in the range of 56%–60%, and pore sizes ranged from 42 to 90 µm. These properties may provide advantages for the scaffold with respect to the ability for cell migration and cell attachment, thus enhancing new bone formation. Moreover, the compositions of HA and chemically modified HA (CHA) within the scaffold influenced the crystallinity and uniformity of the scaffold morphology. This finding suggests the potential for crafting a customized porous bioceramic scaffold based on specific compositions.
Utilization of Bengkalis Beach Sand Silica as Raw Material in the Synthesis of Zeolite 4A Azis, Yelmida; Zahrina, Ida; Fadli, Ahmad; Hazzamy, Muhammad Asyaf
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.244-250

Abstract

Zeolite 4A is a porous material that is widely used as an adsorbent, catalyst, membrane, ion exchanger, molecular sieve, etc. As a source of silica in the synthesis of zeolite 4A, silica from natural materials, biomass waste or chemicals has been used. In this research, silica extracted from Bengkalis beach sand (BBS) was used as raw material. The silica content in its oxide form, silicon oxide (SiO2) in BBS reaches 90%. The synthesis of zeolite 4A was carried out using a hydrothermal process, by varying the mole ratio of Si/Al from the reactant sodium silicate to sodium aluminate, namely 1.2:1; 1.4:1; 1.6:1 at reaction temperatures of 100, 110 and 120°C. Based on characterization using X-ray diffraction and an infrared spectrometer, the best conditions were obtained at a mole ratio reactant of 1.6, a reaction temperature of 100°C with a crystallinity percentage reaching 80.97%. Based on SEM-EDX analysis, the zeolite has an agglomerated morphology with a Si/Al ratio of around 1.09. The surface area, pore volume, and pore diameter of the synthesized zeolite were analyzed using a Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) technique, respectively 81.844 m2/g, 0.039 cm3/g, and 3.07 nm.
Modification of Indonesian Kaolinite-Based Silica Coarse (SC) for RNA Extraction Method of SARS-CoV-2 Marintan, Marchia Marthalena; Sjatha, Fithriyah; Nurani, Dita Arifa; Krisnandi, Yuni Krisyuningsih; Sariman, Sariman
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.325-335

Abstract

One of the strategies to overcome the COVID-19 disease is through rapid diagnostic tests using the Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test. The RT-PCR test is a detection and quantification test of nucleic acids, initiated by the pre-analytical step of purification of the nucleic acids. Purification of nucleic acid requires silica-based materials as a solid phase-extraction matrix or column. Herein, Silica Coarse (SC) in the form of suspension and powder columns; was prepared from natural Indonesian Kaolinite as an alternative extraction column to binding RNA of SARS-CoV-2. The RNA binding and releasing ability in SC was enhanced with the support of chaotropic agents in the form of Na+ and Guanidium+ as charged balancing cations, embedded in the silicate layer inside the kaolinite framework. SC, which has been supported with Na+ and Guanidium+ respectively, then studied its physicochemical characteristics using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, and BET surface area and pore size measurement. This work shows that the modified SC suspension column could extract RNA of SARS-CoV-2 that amplified better in the RT PCR test than SC powder columns, with the initial Ct value of all the SARS-CoV-2 specimens in the range < 20.
Study on Crystal Structure, Surface Area, and Energy Gap Behaviors of Nanotitania Polymorphs Prepared Using Monoethanolamine Manurung, Posman; Maharani, Renita; Rahmayanti, Dita; Yulianti, Yanti; Junaidi; Marjunus, Ronius
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.345-353

Abstract

Polymorphous nanotitania samples were prepared from titanium butoxide (TTB) as a precursor using sol-gel processing in ethanol as a solvent, without and with monoethanolamine (MEA). The experiments used 5.25 mL TTB and MEA with varied volumes of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mL. The sample without MEA was specified as sample A, and the samples produced using MEA were specified as samples B, C, D, and E, respectively. All samples were calcined at 500 °C for 4 h and then collected data by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method used to analyze Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman Spectroscopy, and UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). The results of XRD characterization indicate that samples A and B form anatase phase, while samples C and D are composed of anatase, brookite, and rutile phases, and sample E is consisted of anatase and brookite phases with weight percentages of (94.53 ± 1.72) % and (5.47 ± 0.36) %, respectively. The presence of the three phases of titania is also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy analysis, which showed anatase peaks at 146, 197, 398, and 513 cm-1, brookite peaks at 245 and 402 cm-1, and rutile peaks at 319, 436, and 612 cm-1. According to XRD, the samples have the particle size in the range of 14-19 nm. A representative sample (sample C) was also characterized using TEM, revealing a particle size of 16.0 ± 0.3 nm. This representative sample revealed the largest surface area of 172.2 m2/g, as seen by BET, and the lowest energy gap of 3.03 eV.
Network Pharmacology and Component Analysis Integrated Study to Uncovers the Molecular Mechanisms of Lansium parasiticum Bark Extract in Colon Cancer Treatment Mutiah, Roihatul; Briliana, Malich Septi Diajeng; Ahmad, Ananda Rizkia Azizah; Fauziyah, Begum; Janaloka, Nandana Adyuta; Suryadinata, Arief
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.314-324

Abstract

Side effects and risk of resistance are common consequences of colon cancer treatment based on chemotherapy. The medicinal plant originating in Indonesia, Lansium parasiticum bark extract (LPBE), has not been studied much. The purpose of this study is to identify the compounds present in LPBE and explain how the molecular mechanisms of the composite inhibit colon cancer cells. LC-MS/MS Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrophotometry has been used to identify compounds in LPBE. The ADMET program is used to determine absorption profiles and bioavailability per oral. The tissue pharmacology approach uses Cytoscape 3.9.1, GeneCards, Disgenet, STRING 2.0.0, SRplot, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway to predict the molecular anti-cancer mechanisms of these compounds. In vitro validation using PyRx Autodock Vina 9.0 and Biovia Discovery Studio with BAX (PDB ID:2YXJ), BCL2 (P DB ID:2W3L) and STAT3 receptors (PDB ID:6NJS). A total of 17 active compounds were identified through LC-MS/MS. The moronic acid compound showed the highest levels of 14.29% followed by 4-Morpholineacetic Acid 12.2% and ursolic aldehyde 8.37%. Pharmacological network analysis showed that the compounder works on the EGFR tyrosine kinase resistance path by targeting the BCL2, BAX, STAT3 genes. The results of the in silico validation support the results of tissue pharmacology findings. Ursolic aldehyde, and Moronic acid showed a higher affinity to the three receptors. Therefore, Lansium parasiticum bark extract (LPBE) is recommended for further study as a candidate anti-cancer drug both in vitro and in vivo.
Robust-Set Covering Problem and Sensitivity Analysis to Determine The Location of Temporary Waste Disposal Sites Octarina, Sisca; Bangun, Putra Bahtera Jaya; Cahyono, Endro Setyo; Suprihatin, Bambang; Sarjani, Ita; Puspita, Fitri Maya; Yuliza, Evi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.260-272

Abstract

The increasing population has resulted in a significant increase in the amount of waste. One effort that can be made to overcome the waste problem is to provide a Temporary Waste Disposal Site (TWDS). This research aims to optimize the TWDS in the Bukit Kecil sub-district, Palembang city, by formulating a Robust-Set Covering Problem (Robust-SCP) model and solving the model with the software. Sensitivity analysis is used to analyze the optimal solution. Bukit Kecil sub-district is the sub-district that has the highest number of TWDS in Palembang city. The robust-SCP model obtained 10 optimal TWDS. Therefore, this research recommends the Robust SCP model as the optimal solution for the determination of TWDS in the Bukit Kecil sub-district, namely TWDS Kartini Street, TWDS front of Starbucks KI Street, TWDS Merdeka Street, TWDS Illegal at 26 Ilir Market, TWDS Flat Block 35, TWDS Flat Block 49, TWDS Merdeka Women’s Prison, TWDS Musi Riverbank Park, TWDS Monpera, and TWDS Cinde Market, with the addition of TWDS Mayor’s Office in 22 Ilir village and TWDS Flat Block 01 in 23 Ilir village. The sensitivity analysis results in this study show that the solution remains optimal if the coefficient change is within the coefficient interval value.
Preparation of PAN/PVDF Nanofiber Mats Loaded with Coconut Shell Activated Carbon and Silicon dioxide for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes Almafie, Muhammad Rama; Dani, Rahma; Riyanto; Marlina, Leni; Jauhari, Jaidan; Sriyanti, Ida
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.427-447

Abstract

Utilizing carbon materials derived from natural biomass holds significant promise for battery applications, owing to their low cost, abundant availability, and environmentally sustainable characteristics. However, graphite anode materials do not meet the demands of efficient batteries. Coconut shell waste has the potential to be used as activated carbon in energy storage anodes. By adding silicon dioxide (SiO2) to maintain structural stability and electrochemical reaction kinetics, the advantages of CCS can be maximized. Polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylidene fluoride (PAN/PVDF) composite polymer was used as a matrix to embed CCS/SiO2 and synthesize nanofibers via electrospinning. The resulting nanofibers had diameters ranging from to 575–707 nm, with cross-linked, porous, and beadless characteristics. Mechanical properties were measured by single-fiber micro tensile tests. The young modulus, tensile strength, and toughness of each nanofiber were successfully maintained at 13.7 ± 0.4 MPa, 34.4 ± 0.1 MPa, and 982 ± 10 kJ/m3, respectively, because of the presence of a β-crystal growth layer that facilitated efficient stress transmission. The reduction-oxidation process response had a potential difference of less than 1.286 V in the first cycle, whereas for the third and fifth cycles, it was maintained below 3.416 V. The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient was below 4.73×1013 cm2/s. Using the anode directly, as in lithium-ion batteries, provided a high capacity of 382 mAh/g after 200 cycles. Good cycle stability, with over 98% retention of the initial capacitance after 200 charge/discharge cycles, underscores its potential for application in lithium-ion batteries.

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