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INDONESIA
Science and Technology Indonesia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 25804405     EISSN : 25804391     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, July, October). Science and Technology Indonesia is an international scholarly journal on the field of science and technology aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that covers a typical subject of natural science and technology such as: > Chemistry > Biology > Physics > Marine Science > Pharmacy > Chemical Engineering > Environmental Science and Engineering > Computational Engineering > Biotechnology Journal Commencement: October 2016
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 26 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April" : 26 Documents clear
Identification of CO2 , SO2 , and a Mixture of Both Gases Using Optical Imaging Combined with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Salamah, Umi; Sakti, Setyawan Purnomo; Naba, Agus; Soetedjo, Hariyadi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.371-379

Abstract

CO2 and SO2 gases are utilized in various industrial applications and are subjects of environmental research. However, these gases are considered toxic and pose dangers at certain concentrations. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor and control the exposure to these gases in the environment to prevent reaching hazardous levels that could endanger both humans and the environment. A non-contact detection and monitoring system is essential to minimize the adverse effects of direct gas exposure. In this research, a non-contact detection system for CO2, SO2, and mixed gases was developed using optical imaging analysis generated by infrared cameras. The images were captured using the FLIR Vue Pro-R infrared camera, with infrared absorbing gas sourced from a 50-watt tungsten lamp. Visual identification of these gases through optical imaging is challenging; however, this study successfully identified these gases using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The CNN architecture used in this study is DenseNet (Densely Connected Convolutional Networks), comprising 169 convolution layers. The CNN model was trained and tested on experimental optical imaging data, categorized into three classes: CO2, SO2, and a mixture of gases. A total of 1030 optical imaging data points were utilized for training. Training was conducted using the AdamW optimization function over 28 epochs. The evaluation of results yielded accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The novelty of this study lies in the successful identification of CO2, SO2, and their mixture by the CNN model with an accuracy of 85%. Precision, recall, and F1-score values are all 0.85. These results indicate that the CNN model effectively distinguishes optical imaging of each gas (CO2, SO2, and their mixture) consistently and accurately. Consequently, it can be concluded that the CNN model performs well in distinguishing between these gases in optical imaging analysis.
Improvement of Solubility Usnic Acid Loaded on Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 and Physicochemical Characterization Fitriani, Lili; Azzahra, Cindy Maynia; Jessica, Adhitya; Hasanah, Uswatul; Zaini, Erizal
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.251-259

Abstract

Usnic acid, a secondary metabolite of lichen Usnea sp., has several pharmacological activities, but it is poorly soluble in water. This study aimed to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of usnic acid loaded in mesoporous silica SBA-15 at a mass ratio of 1:1. and evaluate its physical stability. Physicochemical characterization was carried out via the nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherm, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Usnic acid-loaded SBA-15 was stored at 40 °C with various relative humidities (RH) and then analyzed by PXRD for the physical stability. Usnic acid adsorbed well in the pores of SBA-15, as shown by a decrease in the volume pore and surface area of SBA-15 according to the nitrogen adsorption. Moreover, usnic acid-SBA-15 showed a decrease in the degree of crystallinity according to PXRD analysis and no melting point based on DSC analysis. The FTIR spectrum of usnic acid–SBA-15 corresponds to the spectra of each raw material. The solubility of usnic acid increased 5.15 times after adsorbed on SBA-15. The dissolution rate also showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) from 19.51% to 84.27%. Usnic acid–SBA-15 was relatively stable at RH 75%. Thus, the adsorption of usnic acid on SBA-15 can increase its solubility, dissolution rate, and physical stability.
Enhanced Ammonium Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions Using Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) Modified Lampung (Indonesia) Natural Zeolite: Isotherm, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies Abelta, Gita Aldira; Al Qadri, Latif; Febrina, Melany; Rajak, Abdul; Maulana, Sena; Asagabaldan, Meezan Ardhanu; Taher, Tarmizi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.224-234

Abstract

The environmental concern related to excessive ammonium in water bodies necessitates efficient and cost-effective removal techniques. This study investigated the modification of natural zeolite collected from the Tanggamus district of Lampung Province, Indonesia, with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to enhance its performance for ammonium adsorption from aqueous solution. The modified and natural zeolites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that the modification did not cause significant structural changes but increased the mesoporosity of the zeolites, which was beneficial for ammonium adsorption. The adsorption studies revealed that the EDTA modified zeolites consistently outperformed the natural zeolite and that the adsorption process was exothermic in nature. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models fit the adsorption data well, indicating that the adsorption process occurs on both homogenous and heterogeneous surfaces. Thermodynamic studies confirmed that the adsorption process was exothermic and that the EDTA modification increased the spontaneity of the ammonium adsorption process. Overall, this study highlights the potential of EDTA-modified zeolites as an effective material for ammonium removal from aqueous solutions.
Synthesis of Zn/SBA-15 from Rice Husk Ash Using Sonochemical Methods as a Quercetin Drug Delivery Matrix Nur Azizah, Yulyani; Haddiana; Rudiana, Tarso
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.480-486

Abstract

Quercetin is a drug candidate with bioavailability but currently limited, necessitating the use of a delivery matrix, such as Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15). Rice husk ash, containing a significant amount of silica, served as a precursor in the synthesis of SBA-15, which can be functionalized with nanoparticles, including zinc, using sonochemical methods. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize Zn/SBA-15 using sonochemistry and evaluate the potential as a drug delivery matrix for quercetin. SBA-15 was formed by sonication of a sodium silicate from rice husk and pore director Pluronic P-123, followed by impregnating Zn at 2%, 4%, and 6% w/w. The characterization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence (XRF) showed a broad peak at 2theta 18-30◦ with Zn levels of 1.89%, 3.69%, and 5.06%. Furthermore, the analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the presence of Zn nanoparticles with a range size of 4-14 nm. In vitro drug delivery experiments were carried out using Zn/SBA-15 at concentrations of 1:1 and 1:2 to quercetin. The in vitro test results for a drug loading of quercetin with Zn/SBA-15 6% 1:1 was 28.30 mg/g. The encapsulation efficiency was 10.96% and the drug release reached 33.64% after 240 minutes.
Fabrication and Optimization of Primary Batteries Using Ni/Graphene Nanosheet Electrodes Tarigan, Kerista; Siburian, Rikson; Sitorus, Erika Arta Mevia; Purba, Frikson Jony; Manik, Yosia Gopas Oetama
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.413-426

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of varying the mass ratio of Ni to Graphene Nano Sheets (GNS) and how incorporating GNS affects the performance of a primary battery prototype (Ni/GNS//electrolyte//GNS). The primary battery prototype was developed using both impregnation and alloy methods. Different mass ratios of Ni/GNS to electrolyte to GNS were tested, including ratios of 1:2:1 (A), 2:2:1 (B), 1:2:2 (C), 2:1:2 (D), and 1:1:2 (E). The characterization of GNS, Ni/GNS, and the primary battery prototype involved using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) instruments. A multimeter was employed to measure electrical conductivity, energy density, and power density. A potentiostat/galvanostat was used to measure cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). XRD analysis showed a broad and weak peak at 2θ= 24.32° for GNS, confirming its successful synthesis. Additionally, a peak at 2θ = 43.5° indicated effective deposition of Ni on the GNS surface in Ni/GNS. The SEM-EDX results supported the XRD findings, showing regularly spaced pores and a thin surface layer in GNS. Notably, white spots on the graphene surface in Ni/GNS indicated successful Ni deposition. In terms of electrical conductivity, the highest value was observed in the primary battery prototype for sample D (2:1:2), which measured 1.11 S/cm2. These results were also supported by measurements of energy density and power density in sample D, which achieved the highest values among all samples, with 144,788 Wh/kg and 252,500 W/kg, respectively. Moreover, the CV and EIS measurements remained stable at 0.30 kΩ and 0.88 kΩ, suggesting that GNS could potentially conduct electrons owing to its electrical conductivity.
Synthesis of Ion Imprinted Polymers (IIPs) Adsorbent Materials Using Fe(III) Leaching Process with Variation of Hydrochloric Acid Solvent Concentration and Heat Treatment Royani, Idha; Maimunah; Edianta, Jaya; Alfikro, Ihsan; Fiber Monado; Jorena; Satya, Octavianus Cakra; Virgo, Frinsyah
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.336-344

Abstract

Fe(III)-IIPs material was prepared using a cooling-heating method with different leaching variations. The synthesis process used several chemical components, including EGDMA, MAA, and BPO as the crosslinker, functional monomer, and initiator. This study focused on the template formation process of IIPs with leaching variations, using parameters such as molarity concentration, solution mixture, and temperature to influence the amount of template formed in the polymer body. The spectra of XRD showed a widening value of FWHM as higher molarity was applied during the leaching process, with the widest one at 0.163 rad for IIPs 3 M. Fe(III) peak is located at 680-610 cm−1 or 1386-1350 cm−1 within the unleached sample, according to FTIR spectra. It also can be traced at minimum intensity in leached samples. SEM data processing showed that higher concentrations were essential in releasing Fe(III) ions from the polymer body. Meanwhile, heat treatment did not strongly impact the template formation sites of IIPs. Synthesized Fe(III)-IIPs materials had adsorption capacity, optimum time, and efficiency of 9.35 mg.g−1, 40 minutes, and 93.48%, respectively. Based on the results, Fe(III)-IIPs materials had great potential as adsorbents for removing metal pollutants from water.
Bioactivity of Endophytic Fungi Isolates from Syzygium malaccense Twigs Hapida, Yustina; Widjajanti, Hary; Salni; Habisukan, Ummi Hiras; Alfarado, Daniel; Elfita
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.448-456

Abstract

Searching for medicinal raw materials derived from the isolation of secondary metabolite compounds is still being carried out to cure a range of illnesses, including infections and degenerative diseases caused by bacteria and free radicals. This research used endophytic fungi extract from the twig of Syzygium malaccense. The diffusion method was used for antibacterial activity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used for antioxidant activity. Chemical compound was identified by using NMR spectroscopic method. This research found 5 isolate of endophytic fungi from twig of S. malaccense (YR1 – YR5). Strong antibacterial and antioxidant activity were showed by YR5. Based on molecular identification, YR5 was Fusarium verticillioides. Pure compound prodeced by endophytic fungi F. verticilloides was naphthalene (3-methoxy-7 methylnaphthalene-1,6-diol). This finding can be used as a basis for drug development.
Preparation of KI/KIO3/Methoxide Kaolin Catalyst and Performance Test of Catalysis in Biodiesel Production Buchori, Luqman; Widayat; Ngadi, Norzita; Hadiyanto; Okvitarini, Ndaru
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.359-370

Abstract

Kaolin is a natural ingredient that is in abundance and has not been widely used. Kaolin is a source of silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) so that it can be used as a heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production. This research aims to examine the influence of using impregnated kaolin as a heterogeneous catalyst on production of biodiesel. Research methods include calcination of natural kaolin, impregnation of kaolin using KI, KIO3, and preparation of kaolin-methoxide in various concentrations, as well as biodiesel production using an impregnated kaolin catalyst. The catalyst was characterized using XRD and SEM. The catalyst was tested for basicity using the Hammet indicator method with acid-base titration. The biodiesel product obtained was analyzed using GCMS. The results of XRD analysis showed that 8% kaolin-methoxide catalyst had the highest crystallinity among the others. The crystallinity obtained was 87.84% with a composition of 15.79% SiO2 and 78.86% Al2O3. SEM image results also show a more visible crystal shape. The highest basicity of the catalyst obtained was 0.240 mmol. The highest biodiesel yield using 8% kaolin-methoxide catalyst is 99.48%.
LSTM-CNN Hybrid Model Performance Improvement with BioWordVec for Biomedical Report Big Data Classification Kurniasari, Dian; Warsono; Usman, Mustofa; Lumbanraja, Favorisen Rosyking; Wamiliana
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.273-283

Abstract

The rise in mortality rates due to leukemia has fueled the swift expansion of publications concerning the disease. The increase in publications has dramatically affected the enhancement of biomedical literature, further complicating the manual extraction of pertinent material on leukemia. Text classification is an approach used to retrieve pertinent and top-notch information from the biomedical literature. This research suggests employing an LSTM-CNN hybrid model to tackle imbalanced data classification in a dataset of PubMed abstracts centred on leukemia. Random Undersampling and Random Oversampling techniques are merged to tackle the data imbalance problem. The classification model’s performance is improved by utilizing a pre trained word embedding created explicitly for the biomedical domain, BioWordVec. Model evaluation indicates that hybrid resampling techniques with domain-specific pre-trained word embeddings can enhance model performance in classification tasks, achieving accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score of 99.55%, 99%, 100%, and 99%, respectively. The results suggest that this research could be an alternative technique to help obtain information about leukemia.
Quercetin in Drug Carriers: Polymer Composite, Physical Characteristics, and In vitro Study Kurniawan, Muhammad Fariez; Setyawan, Dwi; Hariyadi, Dewi Melani
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.380-412

Abstract

Quercetin is a highly prevalent flavonoid commonly found in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. This compound has various biological actions, indicating great potential in preventing diseases and promoting health but the disadvantages include low solubility and instability. The disadvantages can be overcome by using a polymer composite in the form of microspheres in the formulation. Therefore, this study aimed to review various uses of polymers in delivering quercetin compounds. The results showed that various polymers in microspheres have been formulated with quercetin to minimize the weaknesses. The delivery systems developed and reported from several related studies include microencapsulation, microcapsules, microparticles, microspheres, solid lipid microparticles (SLM), and nanoparticles. Polymers including Gelatine, Maltodextrin and Inulin, Carnauba wax, Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), Gyceryl behenate, Pectin, Nano-hydroxyapatite, Polycaprolactone, Starch, Chitosan, Eudragit S 100, Sodium Alginate, Ethyl cellulose, and Alumina efficiently improved the properties of quercetin, enabling the utilization as a controlled drug delivery agent. Therefore, developing a quercetin delivery system using composite polymers presents both an opportunity and a challenge for future applications.

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