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All Journal Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Indonesian Journal of Medicine Journal of Health Policy and Management Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Journal of Maternal and Child Health
Setyo Sri Rahardjo
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Multilevel Analysis: Factors Related to Work Performance in Health Workers at Community Health Centers Reza Widiantoro; Didik Gunawan Tamtomo; Setyo Sri Rahardjo
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpm.2025.10.01.08

Abstract

Background: Patient satisfaction is a very valuable asset because if patients are satisfied they will continue to use the services of their choice. The level of patient satisfaction arises as a result of the performance of health services obtained after the patient compares it with the quality of health services. The aim of this research is to analyze the performance of health workers at community health centers. Subjects and Method: Cross-sectional research was conducted at community health centers in Karanganyar, Central Java, from November to December 2023. A total of 210 health workers were selected using stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was work performance. The independent variables were age, length of work, employment status, income and work environment. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using multiple multilevel linear regression. Results: Age decreased the performance but was not statistically significant (b= -0.33; CI 95%= -1.63 to 0.97; p = 0.623). Length of work (b= -1.19; CI 95%= -2.30 to -0.08; p= 0.035) and income (b= -1.43; CI 95%= -2.78 to -0.07; p = 0.039) significantly degraded the performance. Employment status decreased performance but it was statistically close to significant (b= -1.44; CI 95%= -3.04 to 0.16; p = 0.078). A comfortable work environment significantly increased performance (b= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.30; p = 0.029). There was a contextual influence of community health center factors on work performance (ICC= 9.62%). Conclusion: Age decreases performance but is not statistically significant. Length of work and income significantly decrease performance. Employment status decreases performance but is statistically close to significant. A comfortable work environment significantly improves performance. There is a contextual effect of community health center factors on work performance.
Path Analysis: Characteristics of Health Service Providers on the Quality of Dental and Oral Health Services Rosalia Indri Dewanti; Didik Gunawan Tamtomo; Bhisma Murti; Setyo Sri Rahardjo; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpm.2025.10.02.12

Abstract

Background: Dental and oral health play a crucial role in improving people’s quality of life. Optimal efforts from dental and oral health workers are essential to achieve better health outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the influence of service provider determinants on the quality of dental and oral health services in hospitals. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Semarang City from March to April 2024. A total of 200 patients aged 20–59 years were selected using systematic random sampling. The dependent variable was the quality of dental and oral health services, while the independent variables were motivation, performance, and payment method. Data were analyzed using path analysis. Results: Motivation positively affected the performance of health workers (b=0.99; 95% CI=0.98–1.00; p<0.001). Performance had a significant positive effect on service quality (b=0.44; 95% CI=0.06–0.83; p=0.023). Motivation also directly influenced service quality (b=0.47; 95% CI=0.08–0.85; p=0.017). However, the difference in payment method between patients paying directly and those using BPJS did not significantly affect service quality (b=0.03; 95% CI=–0.03 to 0.09; p=0.415). Conclusion: The quality of dental and oral health services at Diponegoro National Hospital Semarang is significantly influenced by the motivation and performance of health workers, with performance mediating the effect of motivation. Payment method does not significantly influence perceived service quality.
Analyzing the Impact of Job Stress, Workload, and Job Satisfaction on Nurse Performance: A Path Analysis Annisa Risnasari; Setyo Sri Rahardjo; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpm.2025.10.02.10

Abstract

Background: Good performance can help hospitals make profits and maintain the sustainability of their business, and vice versa, a decreased performance can certainly be detrimental to hospitals. Nurses are always required to provide good service even under high pressure, with a large number of patient visits and standard procedures that should not be missed. This study aims to analyze the effect of job stress, workload, and job satisfaction on the nurses’ performance in the inpatient ward of dr. Sayidiman Magetan Hospital, East Java, Indonesia. Subjects and Method: It was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using a path analysis model. The population in this study was all nurses in the inpatient ward of dr. Sayidiman Magetan Hospital, East Java, Indonesia. The sample in this study was nurses at dr. Sayidiman Magetan Hospital, East Java, Indonesia. The ratio between the number of subjects in a study and the number of independent variables in multivariate analysis is recommended to be 15 to 20 subjects per independent variable. Therefore, the total number of study subjects in this study was 200 people. The study used the simple random sampling technique. The variables in this study were dependent variables and independent variables. The dependent variables included performance, while the independent variables included job stress, workload, and job satisfaction. Results: Nurses' performance in hospital inpatient ward improved with better job satisfaction (b= 0.19; CI 95%= 0.05 to 0.32; p = 0.006) and higher job stress (b = 0.13; CI 95%= -0.01 to 0.26; p = 0.066). Nurses’ performance decreased with heavier workload (b= -0.16; CI 95%= -0.29 to -0.03; p = 0.017). This path analysis model had a good model fit, which was indicated by the following model fit indicators: p = 0.294; RMSEA= 0.034; CFI = 0.98; TLI= 0.92; SRMR= 0.029. Conclusion: Nurses' performance in the hospital inpatient ward improves with better job satisfaction and higher job stress. Nurses' performance decreases with heavier workloads. This path analysis model has good model suitability
Psychosocial Factors Affecting the Performance of Community Health Center Employees Nadia Fitriana Fariati; Setyo Sri Rahardjo; Bhisma Murti; Ratih Puspita Febrinasari; Anik Lestari
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/

Abstract

Background: Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) serve as primary healthcare facilities whose effectiveness is strongly influenced by employee performance. Psychosocial factors such as motivation, leadership perception, delegation of authority, and social capital play an essential role in enhancing work effectiveness. However, unclear task distribution and suboptimal delegation practices remain common challenges that may weaken employee performance. This study aimed to examine psychosocial factors associated with employee performance in Puskesmas. Subjects and Method: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in 17 Community Health Centers across Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, from June to July 2025. A total of 224 employees were selected using proportional random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Multivariate data analysis was performed using path analysis to assess both direct and indirect relationships among variables. Results: Employee performance was directly influenced by the delegation of authority and responsibility (b= 0.42; 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.53; p < 0.001) and motivation (b = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.23 to 0.45; p <0.001). Performance was indirectly influenced by social capital and leadership perception through motivation, as well as by motivation and leadership perception through the delegation of authority and responsibility. Length of employment, employment status, and gender showed direct but statistically non-significant effects on employee performance. Conclusion: Employee performance in community health centers can be enhanced through effective delegation of authority and responsibility, increased motivation, positive leadership perception, and strengthened social capital. In contrast, gender, employment status, and length of employment were not significant determinants of performance
Co-Authors Afriza Umami Agus Kristiyanto Agustaria Budinugroho Ahmad Daffa’ Aushof Alifiya Zulfa Indana Ambar Mudigdo Ambar Sari Anik Lestari Anindita Hasniati Rahmah Annisa Risnasari Argyo Demartoto Arlina Azka Arum Nuryati Atika Febri Anggriani Atika Mima Amalin Atika Nikmah Aulia Noorvita Ramadani Ayu Laela Fitriyani Azura Arisa Bhisma Murti Bhisma Murti Bhisma Murti Bhisma Murti Bhisma Murti Bhisma Murti Bhisma Murti Bhisma Murti Burhannuddin Ichsan Danti Narulita Dian Surya Kartika Diana Sayidah Didik Gunawan Tamtomo Didik Gunawan Tamtomo Dono Indarto Dwi Kurniawati Eka Siti Chasanah Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Erick Zicof Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Faricha Indra Hapsari Farida Nurhayati Febry Istyanto Firdausi Nuzula Firman Pardosi Gabriela Advitri Febriani Genn Andrean Pratama Gigih Cita Pambudi Hanung Prasetya Hanung Prasetya Hanung Prasetya Hanung Prasetya Hanung Prasetya Hanung Prasetya Harsono Salimo Hermanu Joebagio Herry Putut Cahyono Ika Sumiyarsi Sukamto Ika Sumiyarsi Sukamto Isna Qadridjati Isna Qadrijati Khairina Nur Hidayati Lailatul Rohmah Lidia Aditama Putri Lusia Arina Cahyaningrum Maria Regina Tri Yonita Maya Ayu Riestiyowati Muh. Syaiful Akbar Muhibbah Fatati Muthia Syafira Nadia Fitriana Fariati Natalino de Jesus Varela Niken Kartika Sari Ninik Hartini Ninil Dwi Pangestu Nisrina Nafisa Nur Isniani Ningsih Nurul Ulya Luthfiyana Okid Parama Astirin Pawito Pawito Philipus Prihantiko Kurniagung Puspita Mayangsari Prabowo Putri Pamungkas Putu Anggi Widia Karmany Ratih Puspita Febrinasari RB Soemanto Retno Sulistyani Revi Gama Hatta Novika Revi Gama Hatta Novika Revi Gama Hatta Novika Reza Widiantoro Ristamaya Danar Dewi Rita Benya Adriani Rizki Kurniawan Saputra Rizqi Inayati Rosalia Indri Dewanti Ruben Dharmawan Satriyo Fajar Wicaksono Sri Mulyani Sumardiyono Sumardiyono Sumardiyono Sumardiyono Tri Godha Fitriani Veronica Fenny Wijaya Victoria Husadani Permata Sari Vitri Widyaningsih Yola Alqorien Mustikarani Yovita Eka Ratna Kumala Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi Yusuf Ryadi