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The Relationship Between High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Implications for Cardiovascular Risk Setyoadi, Setyoadi; Ismail, Dina Dewi Sartika Lestari; Kartika, Annisa Wuri; Sari, Dewi Purnama; Septian, Angel Dwi; Lallo, Adelina Stefanie; Kurniasari, Rara
Journal of Rural Community Nursing Practice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jrcnp.v3i2.576

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion. Dyslipidemia, especially low High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), contributes significantly to cardiovascular disease risk in T2DM. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) serves as the standard biomarker for long-term glycemic control. Previous studies suggested an inverse relationship between HDL and HbA1c, but results remain inconsistent, and limited evidence exists from Indonesian primary care settings. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the association between HDL cholesterol and HbA1c levels in T2DM patients at a primary healthcare center in Batu City, Indonesia. Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional retrospective design was conducted. Secondary data were obtained from medical records of T2DM patients at Puskesmas Sisir, Batu City, in July 2025. A total of 79 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were included through total sampling. Laboratory results of HDL (mg/dL) and HbA1c (%) were analyzed. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Among the 79 respondents, most were aged 45–65 years (50.6%) and female (77.2%). The mean HDL level was 45.3 ± 8.2 mg/dL, while the mean HbA1c level was 8.2 ± 1.5%. Correlation analysis indicated a weak negative association between HDL and HbA1c (r = –0.132, p = 0.246). Although higher HDL levels tended to correspond with lower HbA1c values, the relationship was not statistically significant. Conclusions: These findings underscore the critical role of community nurses in integrating routine HbA1c and lipid profile monitoring into T2DM follow-up visits, promoting holistic cardiovascular risk assessment even when individual biomarkers show weak associations.
Family Empowerment as Nursing Intervention for Families with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review Setyoadi; Seda, Lukas Fransiskus Saverius; Lestari, Puji; Irwando, Erdy; Nurani, Nunik; Hayati, Yati Sri; Kristianingrum, Niko Dima; Kartika, Annisa Wuri
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 3 No 3: December 2023
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v3i3.203

Abstract

Background: This literature review is motivated by the empirical phenomenon that illustrates the increasing number of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, which has an impact on family caregivers. The chronic condition of T2DM requires long-term care and monitoring to maintain blood glucose levels within normal limits. Family caregivers play a crucial role in assisting family members with T2DM by enhancing their roles and functions through family empowerment. Purpose: This literature review aimed to theoretically analyze the importance of family empowerment as a nursing intervention in improving the health status of family members with T2DM. Methods: The research method used in this study is a literature review, which includes an analysis of 9 articles obtained from three databases: ProQuest, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The search keywords used for article retrieval included "family empowerment or caregiver empowerment," "diabetes mellitus," and "nursing intervention," using "AND" and "OR" as Boolean operators. Results: The literature review results show that family empowerment interventions for individuals with T2DM can be carried out by increasing knowledge, providing skills training, and enhancing family support during the care process. The success indicators for family empowerment interventions include increased self-efficacy, self-concept, self-care, and self-control for individuals with T2DM. Conclusion: The findings of this literature review demonstrate that family empowerment as a nursing intervention can yield positive outcomes for patients. Therefore, it should be considered as a reference for primary healthcare nurses to provide intervention not only to the clients but also to their families or caregivers.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Anemia Melalui Metode BELANJA (Blended Learning Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja) Choiriyah, Muladefi; Merdikawati, Ayut; Kartika, Annisa Wuri; Kristianingrum, Niko Dima
Poltekita: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): Juli-September
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian & Pengabdian Masyarakat Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33860/pjpm.v4i3.1906

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has made adolescents access the internet for education and other information, including harmful content. Public Vocational High School 2 Malang is one of the largest schools, totaling 1869 students. In this school, educational health is given once at the beginning of the orientation period and still does not cover adolescent reproductive health. Therefore, there is a need for assistance through blended learning methods to improve adolescent reproductive health. This activity aims to increase students' knowledge about sexual reproductive health. The targets were 92 Public Vocational High School 2 Malang students, a nursing assistant program, and tenth-grade students. An education session was conducted in September 2022 for 3 weeks with blended learning. The SHARING AJA (Awareness of the adolescent's reproductive health) website was used to educate students, and the next week team members conducted offline education and focus group discussion (FGD). The data collection used pretest and posttest questionnaires. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge of female and male adolescents before and after programs (47.79 ± 3.21; 81.14 ± 10.25) and (92.10 ± 4.93; 83.42 ± 7.09), respectively. In conclusion, health education with blended learning increases knowledge retention related to adolescent sexual reproduction.
Penerapan Teknologi Produksi dan Strategi Pemasaran dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing UMKM Cokelat Sehat Berkelanjutan Worokinasih, Saparila; Ratnawati, Dian Eka; Ramadhan, Hanifa Maulani; Asmoro, Priandhita Sukowidyanti; Kartika, Annisa Wuri; Nuralam, Inggang Perwangsa; Setyowati, Andri; Khofifatunnabilah, Khofifatunnabilah; Raisha, Serefika; Utomo, Yoga Cahyo; Hasibuan, Herida Hafni; Achmad, Riza Putra
DEDIKASI PKM Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): DEDIKASI PKM UNPAM
Publisher : Universitas Pamulang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32493/dkp.v6i1.45328

Abstract

Cokelat sehat sebagai makanan fungsional merupakan produk makanan yang tidak hanya mementingkan rasa namun juga manfaatnya bagi kesehatan kesehatan. Produksi cokelat sehat yang dijalankan oleh Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) menghadapi beberapa tantangan dalam daya saing pemasaran khususnya dalam sektor pangan olahan. Teknologi dapat diterapkan untuk implementasi dan konseptualisasi desain dan produksi baru yang berbeda dengan pesaing. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk peningkatan produksi dan strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan daya saing pada produk cokelat sehat di UMKM Nichoa. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam pengembangan strategi pemasaran, diversifikasi produk dan identitas merek dan branding serta peningkatan produksi dengan intervensi alat produksi baru. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dalam strategi pemasaran dan branding dengan pemanfaatan platform digital untuk meningkatkan visibilitas dan branding produk Nichoa. Sedangkan dalam hal kapasitas produksi didapatkan peningkatan persentase kenaikan produksi cokelat batang sebesar 5% untuk ukuran 80 gram dan 23% untuk ukuran 35 gram dengan penggunaan mesin melanger dan roasting yang baru. Saran dari hasil kegiatan ini adalah perlu Upaya berkelanjutan dalam pengembangan strategi pemasaran sesuai dengan selera konsumen dengan mempertahankan startegi digital marketing.