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Peran Amelioran dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Tanah di Lahan Kering Aulia, Firda; Suwardji, Suwardji; Mulyati, Mulyati; Endang Susilowati, Lolita
Empiricism Journal Vol. 6 No. 4: December 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LITPAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/11ay8v58

Abstract

Lahan kering di Indonesia mencakup sekitar 76% dari luas daratan dan sebagian besar mengalami degradasi sedang hingga berat akibat keterbatasan air, rendahnya bahan organik, serta pengelolaan tanah yang tidak berkelanjutan. Kondisi ini menurunkan produktivitas tanaman hingga 30–50% dan memperburuk ketahanan pangan nasional. Meskipun kajian tentang amelioran telah berkembang, masih terdapat kekurangan sintesis komprehensif antara efektivitas amelioran organik yang berorientasi jangka panjang dan amelioran anorganik yang bereaksi cepat, khususnya pada tanah Ultisol dan Inceptisol di Nusa Tenggara dan Sulawesi, serta minimnya integrasi faktor sosial-ekonomi petani kecil dengan implikasi kebijakan rehabilitasi lahan kritis. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau peran amelioran dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah lahan kering di Indonesia, mengidentifikasi faktor kontekstual yang memengaruhi efektivitasnya, serta merumuskan rekomendasi praktis dan kebijakan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif terhadap 18 artikel jurnal terakreditasi, prosiding, dan laporan lembaga resmi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk kandang meningkatkan kapasitas menahan air sebesar 22% dan N-total 0,15%, biochar meningkatkan porositas tanah 18% serta ketersediaan fosfor 25%, sedangkan dolomit dan kapur pertanian mampu menetralkan keasaman tanah dengan kenaikan pH 1,75–2,05 unit. Kombinasi organik-anorganik terbukti paling efektif, dengan peningkatan hasil tanaman mencapai 50–100% dibandingkan aplikasi tunggal. Keberhasilan penerapan amelioran dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanah, dosis, ketersediaan air, serta kondisi sosial-ekonomi petani, sehingga penerapan terpadu dan berkelanjutan berpotensi menjadi strategi penting dalam rehabilitasi lahan kering dan peningkatan produktivitas pertanian di Indonesia. The Role of Ameliorants in Soil Quality Improvement in Drylands Abstract Dryland areas in Indonesia cover approximately 76% of the total land area, with most experiencing moderate to severe degradation due to water scarcity, low organic matter, and unsustainable land management practices. These conditions reduce crop productivity by 30–50% and exacerbate national food security challenges. Although studies on soil ameliorants have expanded, there remains a significant gap in synthesizing the long-term effectiveness of organic ameliorants versus the rapid effects of inorganic ones, particularly on Ultisol and Inceptisol soils in Nusa Tenggara and Sulawesi. Moreover, limited integration of smallholder socio-economic factors into land rehabilitation policies further constrains practical application. This review aims to examine the role of ameliorants in improving the physical, chemical, and biological properties of dryland soils in Indonesia, identify contextual factors influencing their effectiveness, and provide practical recommendations and policy implications. The study employs a qualitative descriptive literature review of 18 peer-reviewed articles, conference proceedings, and official reports. Findings indicate that organic ameliorants such as manure increase water-holding capacity by 22% and total nitrogen by 0.15%, while biochar enhances soil porosity by 18% and phosphorus availability by 25%. Inorganic ameliorants such as dolomite and agricultural lime raise soil pH by 1.75–2.05 units and improve calcium and magnesium availability. The combination of organic and inorganic inputs produces synergistic effects, boosting crop yields by 50–100% compared to single applications. Successful implementation depends on soil type, dosage, water availability, and farmer socio-economic conditions, highlighting the need for integrated and sustainable strategies in dryland rehabilitation and agricultural productivity improvement in Indonesia.
Model Integratif Pengelolaan Air Presisi Berbasis AWD Embung IoT untuk Padi Lahan Kering pada Musim Tanam Kedua: A Systematic Literature Review dan Implikasi Kebijakan di Lombok Tengah Kurniawan, Lalu; Maulana, Bangkit; Aulia, Firda; Misbahuddin, Misbahuddin; Idris, Muhammad Husni
Empiricism Journal Vol. 7 No. 2: June 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LITPAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/ej.v7i2.4870

Abstract

Keterbatasan ketersediaan air pada musim tanam kedua (MT 2) menjadi kendala utama budidaya padi di wilayah semi-arid seperti Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Berbagai teknologi pengelolaan air, seperti Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), embung, dan Internet of Things (IoT), telah dikembangkan, namun umumnya masih dikaji secara terpisah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyusun model integratif pengelolaan air berbasis AWD–Embung–IoT serta merumuskan implikasi kebijakan untuk mendukung penerapannya pada budidaya padi di wilayah semi-arid. Kajian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap artikel yang diperoleh dari Google Scholar melalui Publish or Perish (PoP), ScienceDirect, dan Web of Science pada periode 2020–2025. Proses seleksi mengikuti pedoman PRISMA dan menghasilkan 25 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria sintesis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa AWD dilaporkan mampu menghemat penggunaan air irigasi sebesar 25–70%, embung berperan sebagai penyedia cadangan air selama periode defisit, sedangkan IoT mendukung pemantauan dan pengambilan keputusan irigasi secara real-time. Berdasarkan sintesis literatur, integrasi ketiga komponen tersebut berpotensi membentuk sistem pengelolaan air presisi yang menghubungkan aspek demand, supply, dan control dalam suatu closed-loop adaptive system. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini adalah pengembangan kerangka konseptual demand–supply–control sebagai dasar pengelolaan air presisi pada budidaya padi di wilayah semi-arid. An Integrative Model of Precision Water Management Based on AWD Reservoir IoT for Dryland Rice during the Second Cropping Season: A Systematic Literature Review and Policy Implications in Central Lombok Abstract Limited water availability during the second cropping season (MT 2) is a major constraint to rice production in semi-arid regions such as Central Lombok Regency, Indonesia. Various water management technologies, including Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), farm ponds, and the Internet of Things (IoT), have been developed to improve water-use efficiency; however, these approaches are generally studied separately. This study aimed to develop an integrated AWD–Farm Pond–IoT water management model and formulate policy implications to support its implementation in semi-arid rice production systems. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using articles retrieved from Google Scholar through Publish or Perish (PoP), ScienceDirect, and Web of Science published between 2020 and 2025. The selection process followed PRISMA guidelines and resulted in 25 articles that met the synthesis criteria. The review found that AWD has been reported to reduce irrigation water use by 25–70%, farm ponds function as water storage facilities during deficit periods, and IoT supports real-time monitoring and irrigation decision-making. Based on the literature synthesis, integrating these three components has the potential to establish a precision water management system linking demand, supply, and control within a closed-loop adaptive system. The main contribution of this study is the development of a conceptual demand–supply–control framework as a foundation for precision water management in rice cultivation under semi-arid conditions.
Co-Authors Abd. Gafur Afriza, Dini Aprilia Ahmad Rifai Aldi Budi Riyanta, Aldi Budi Alfina Baharuddin Ali Ikhwan Anggelina E, Melsy Patricia Baety, Nur Bangkit Maulana, Bangkit Benni Iskandar Devi Ayu Kurniawati Gamayanti, Nurul Fiskia Hafizd, Daffa Al Handini, Wigati Julaeha, Eha Kartika, Aprilia Kurniawan, Lalu Lolita Endang Susilowati Lubis, Fardiah Oktariani Mardani, Atika Nurfadhila Misbahuddin, Misbahuddin Mu'arif, Zainal Muhammad Husni Idris Mulya, Indah Syafitri Mulyati Mulyati Nayiroh, Lulu Putri, Amanda Herlina Putri, Erra Manisa Rahmadani, Sriayu Rosaria Ika Pratiwi, Rosaria Ika RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Sari Prabandari, Sari Siti Fadhilah, Siti Suwardji Uli Tamba, Evlyn Cyntia Utama, Huzaefah Utami, Zelvy Rahman Wilda Amananti Wirman, Citra Safitri Wulandari, Windya