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KONTROVERSI PENUNDAAN PEMILIHAN KEPALA NEGARA PERSPEKTIF FIQH SIYASAH (Studi Kasus Negara Nigeria dan Somalia) Roza Nofitra Sari; Nofialdi Nofialdi; Muhammad Hizbi Islami
Al Ushuliy: Jurnal Mahasiswa Syariah dan Hukum Vol 1, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : UIN Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31958/alushuliy.v1i2.8349

This study examines the postponement of the election of the head of state from the perspective of siyasa fiqh (Case study of Nigeria and Somalia). The problem is the postponement of the election of the head of state (a case study of Nigeria and Somalia). This is different in siyasa fiqh, where in siyasa fiqh there is no stipulation on whether it is permissible to postpone the election of a head of state. From these problems, the question arises of how to postpone the election of heads of state in Nigeria and Somalia and what is the view of fiqh siyasa on postponing the elections of heads of state in Nigeria and Somalia. This research is library research. The material is obtained through books in the library, after the material is collected it is processed by searching and systematically compiling the material obtained and analyzed using the fiqh siyasa perspective. This research found that the postponement of the election of heads of state in Nigeria and Somalia was caused by problems of national defense (the Boko Haram rebellion) and the Covid-19 pandemic which spread throughout the world. Postponement of the election of the head of state has never occurred in the Al-Qur'an and As-Sunnah, as well as the system of government, and in siyasa fiqh there is also no provision for whether or not a postponement of the election of a head of state is permissible. However, in practice this has happened in the Muslim countries of Nigeria and Somalia due to the results of the ijtihad of these countries. So that the postponement of the election of the head of state is legally permissible because the results of state ijtihad make it possible because the country is in a state of emergency. So that in siyasa fiqh it is possible to postpone the election of the head of state

Parental Responsibility for Children Placed in the Aisyiyah Orphanage Batusangkar Branch A Review of Islamic Family Law Husna Rita; Nofialdi; Arianti, Farida; Yunarti, Sri
El-Hadhanah : Indonesian Journal Of Family Law And Islamic Law Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): El-Hadhanah: Indonesian Journal of Family Law and Islamic Law
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Keluarga Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/hadhanah.v5i1.7654

This study explores the responsibilities of parents toward children placed in the Aisyiyah Orphanage, Batusangkar Branch, through the lens of Islamic Family Law. parents are obliged to provide for and raise their children even after divorce. The 1974 Indonesian Marriage Law (Articles 45 and 41) mandates that both parents are responsible for their children’s welfare until they are self-sufficient or married. However, the reality on the ground often shows a significant gap between legal expectations and practical implementation, particularly in cases involving divorce, poverty, or remarriage. The research focuses on three issues: the reasons why parents put their children, the obstacles for parents to put their children, and the responsibility of parents for children who are put in the Aisyiyah Orphanage Batusangkar Branch. This study Used qualitative field research with a descriptive approach, data were gathered through interviews and documentation involving parents, children, and orphanage administrators. The results showed that people who put their children in orphanages had 5 reasons, namely: so that children are in a safe environment, biological fathers are reluctant to care for their children, mothers are unable to educate their children, to continue their children's education, get guidance from caregivers and administrators. There are 3 obstacles for parents to put their children in the Aisyiyah Branch Batusangkar orphanage, namely: not being fully supported by their biological father, the lack of income of parents, parents being unable to provide maintenance. For the responsibilities of parents towards children in orphanages according to the results of interviews found by researchers that there are 8 respondents who carry out their responsibilities as parents but not fully, while 2 foster children do not accept the responsibilities of parents.

Negotiating Religious Legitimacy and State Legality: Sirri Marriage in Islamic Family Law in Asam Jujuhan District Burhanudin; Eli Martati; Nofialdi; Latif Aswen
KALOSARA: Family Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Kalosara: Family Law Review
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31332/kalosara.v6i1.13982

Sirri marriage remains one of the most troubling paradoxes in Muslim family life: religiously accepted by many communities, yet legally invisible in ways that often leave women and children unprotected. This study aims to examine the problem of sirri marriage in Asam Jujuhan District from the perspective of Islamic family law, with particular attention to its practice, the factors sustaining it, its legal consequences, and the limited use of the isbat nikah mechanism. Employing a qualitative phenomenological design, the research collected data through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation involving judges, KUA officials, religious counselors, local leaders, and couples engaged in sirri marriage. The findings show that sirri marriage persists not merely because of legal ignorance, but due to the interaction of geographical isolation, weak institutional access, administrative barriers, economic hardship, and limited legal awareness. The discussion reveals that while sirri marriage is regarded as valid under Islamic law when its essential elements are fulfilled, it remains unrecognized under state law, creating serious vulnerabilities for spouses and children, especially in relation to legal status, maintenance, inheritance, and civil documentation. The study concludes that sirri marriage in Asam Jujuhan reflects an unresolved tension between religious legitimacy and state legality, and that its persistence is rooted in structural and socio-legal constraints rather than in doctrine alone. The study implies the need to strengthen legal outreach, improve access to marriage registration, and optimize isbat nikah as an institutional bridge between Islamic family law and state legal protection. Keywords: Islamic Family Law; Marriage Registration; Sirri Marriage.

Diskresi Hakim Pengadilan Agama Kotobaru Solok Terhadap Nafkah Isteri dan Hak Asuh Anak Dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam Yesi Marlina; Sri Yunarti; Farida Arianti; Zulkifli Zulkifli; Nofialdi Nofialdi
AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : IDRIS Darulfunun Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58764/j.im.2026.7.153

This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the discretion of judges at the Kotobaru Solok Religious Court in determining the amount of alimony for wives and child custody in divorce cases. This study also evaluates the driving and inhibiting factors faced by judges in exercising this discretion, by examining the alignment of their decisions with the principles of Islamic family law. The research method employed was qualitative field research. Primary data sources were obtained through direct interviews with the Panel of Judges, while secondary data were sourced from official divorce case documents at the Kotobaru Solok Religious Court. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation, which were then analyzed using domain, taxonomic, and conventional analysis methods, and strengthened by source and time triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results indicate that the application of judges' discretion in determining alimony for wives after a divorce is significantly influenced by the dynamics of the parties' social and economic conditions. Judges strive to strike a balance between the husband's financial capabilities and the wife's basic needs, based on the principles of maqasid sharia, particularly in maintaining the safety of life (hifz an-nafs) and protecting property (hifz al-mal). Regarding child custody, judicial discretion is fully oriented toward the best interests of the child to ensure a healthy physical and emotional growth and development environment, in accordance with the principle of hifz an-nasl. Decisions made through this discretion aim to achieve balanced, substantial justice for all parties without disregarding Quranic principles, such as Surah At-Talaq verse 7, which emphasizes providing maintenance according to one's ability. Integrally, the practice of discretion at the Kotobaru Solok Religious Court has proven consistent in protecting the rights of vulnerable wives and children within the framework of Islamic law.

Dinamika Pemanfaatan Harta Pusako di Minangkabau dalam Pespektif Teori Modal Sosial dan Tindakan Sosial: Studi Kasus Kecamatan Sungai Tarab Vidi Rifardo; Nofialdi Nofialdi; Ulya Atsani; Elimartati Elimartati; Sri Yunarti
AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : IDRIS Darulfunun Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58764/j.im.2026.7.154

The main problem in this research is to discuss the forms and dynamics of the utilization of high-ranking heirloom assets, the factors that encourage the community to utilize high-ranking heirloom assets, and the perspectives of traditional leaders on these dynamics in Sungai Tarab District, Tanah Datar Regency. The research method used is field research with a qualitative approach. Data sources in this study consist of primary and secondary sources. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The technique used to ensure data validity was triangulation of data sources. The results indicate that the utilization of high-ranking heirloom assets in Sungai Tarab is a form of instrumental rational social action, where management is carried out as a means to meet family needs, such as food, education costs, social and customary needs, and other economic needs. This utilization dynamic is driven by economic pressures and changes in social values that influence interaction patterns within the community. From a social capital perspective, the utilization of high-ranking heirloom assets reflects a shift in the function of trust bonds and networks among community members, where the weakening of customary oversight has led to the strengthening of individual interests over collective ones. However, according to Minangkabau custom, this use remains permissible as long as it does not diminish collective ownership of the clan, is carried out through deliberation as a manifestation of healthy social capital, and remains within the framework of the ganggam bauntuak concept.

Perlindungan Adat atas Wanprestasi Nafkah di Kota Solok sebagai Penegakan Hukum Berbasis Komunitas untuk Menambal Celah Keadilan Musfa Hengki; Sri Yunarti; Farida Arianti; Zulkifli Zulkifli; Nofialdi Nofialdi
AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : IDRIS Darulfunun Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58764/j.im.2026.7.155

This study aims to analyze legal protection for ex-wives due to default on post-divorce maintenance in Solok City using a local wisdom approach. The main issue raised is the weak execution of court decisions regarding iddah, mut'ah, and madliyah maintenance, and how Minangkabau customary mechanisms can address this gap. The research method used was qualitative field research. Data were collected through observation, review of decision documents, and in-depth interviews with ex-wives, Religious Court judges, and traditional leaders such as Ninik Mamak and Bundo Kanduang. The results indicate that the implementation of post-divorce maintenance in Solok City is not optimal. Many ex-wives do not file maintenance claims in order to expedite the divorce process, while existing decisions are often not executed by ex-husbands. Formal legal protection is available through instruments such as withholding of divorce certificates, but local wisdom-based protection through mediation by Ninik Mamak and the role of Bundo Kanduang has not been fully utilized. Key inhibiting factors include the ex-husband's low economic status, lack of legal awareness, and limited asset evidence during court proceedings. Conversely, the strength of formal legal structures and the customary values of "Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah" are key supporting factors in strengthening women's rights after divorce in Solok City.

Dilema Administrasi dan Agama: Implementasi SPTJM di Jantung Minangkabau (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Harau) Meria Susanti; Silvianetri Silvianetri; Elimartati Elimartati; Ulya Atsani; Nofialdi Nofialdi; Sri Yunarti
AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : IDRIS Darulfunun Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58764/j.im.2026.7.146

Perkawinan belum tercatat (nikah siri) tetap menjadi fenomena sosial yang signifikan di masyarakat Minangkabau, khususnya di Kecamatan Harau, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Sumatera Barat. Untuk mengatasi hambatan administratif bagi anak-anak dari perkawinan tersebut, pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan Surat Pernyataan Tanggung Jawab Mutlak (SPTJM) berdasarkan Permendagri Nomor 108 dan 109 Tahun 2019, yang memungkinkan pencantuman status ?Kawin Belum Tercatat? pada Kartu Keluarga serta penerbitan akta kelahiran lengkap. Penelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas implementasi SPTJM di Kecamatan Harau serta dilema yang ditimbulkannya dalam perspektif maqasid syariah, dengan fokus pada hifz al-nasl (penjagaan keturunan) dan hifz al-mal (penjagaan harta). Menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan pasangan pengguna SPTJM, pelaku nikah siri, pegawai Disdukcapil, KUA, Pengadilan Agama, serta tokoh agama, dilengkapi triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SPTJM efektif memberikan maslahah tahsiniyyah berupa akses cepat dan murah terhadap hak administratif anak (identitas, pendidikan, kesehatan, bantuan sosial), sehingga mendukung hifz al-nasl secara parsial. Namun, kebijakan ini memunculkan mafsadah jangka panjang yang lebih dominan, berupa ketidakpastian hukum substantif (kesulitan klaim waris dan harta bersama), konflik sosial-adat (stigma dan sengketa pusaka tinggi dalam sistem matrilineal Minangkabau), serta penurunan minat isbat nikah yang melemahkan kewajiban pencatatan resmi (Pasal 7 KHI). Artikel ini menyimpulkan adanya dilema antara kemaslahatan administratif sementara dan kerusakan hukum keluarga Islam jangka panjang. Rekomendasi yang diusulkan adalah sinergi antarlembaga (Disdukcapil, KUA, Pengadilan Agama, tokoh adat) melalui program isbat nikah massal terjangkau dan sosialisasi berbasis maqasid syariah guna memaksimalkan maslahah dharuriyyat serta meminimalkan mafsadah di tengah masyarakat adat Minangkabau.

Positifikasi Isbat Talak dalam Perlindungan Hak Perempuan: Analisis Komparatif Hukum Mesir dan Maroko Perspektif Maqashid Syariah Faizah Jamili; Elimartati Elimartati; Ulya Atsani; Zulkifli Zulkifli; Nofialdi Nofialdi; Sri Yunarti
AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : IDRIS Darulfunun Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58764/j.im.2026.7.149

Perkawinan dalam Islam dipandang sebagai sebuah ikatan suci yang sangat kokoh atau mitsaqan ghalidzan, namun dalam realitas sosial di Indonesia, praktik talak di bawah tangan atau di luar pengadilan masih sering terjadi. Fenomena ini memicu permasalahan hukum yang serius akibat adanya kekosongan hukum (legal vacuum) terkait pengaturan isbat talak dalam sistem perundang-undangan nasional. Tanpa adanya pengesahan formal oleh negara, status hukum istri dan anak-anak sering kali terabaikan, yang berdampak pada hilangnya perlindungan hak-hak pasca-perceraian seperti hak asuh, nafkah, serta akses administrasi kependudukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif melalui studi komparatif antara hukum keluarga di Indonesia dengan regulasi di Mesir dan Maroko. Secara teoretis, analisis didasarkan pada teori hukum sebagai sarana pembaharuan masyarakat dan teori positifikasi hukum guna mentransformasikan norma-norma keagamaan menjadi hukum positif yang tertulis. Selain itu, perspektif Maqashid Syari’ah digunakan untuk memastikan bahwa setiap usulan regulasi selaras dengan tujuan perlindungan terhadap kemaslahatan agama, jiwa, keturunan, akal, dan harta bagi keluarga muslim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia sangat membutuhkan positifikasi pengaturan isbat talak untuk menjembatani dualisme antara keabsahan talak secara agama dan legalitas administrasi negara. Melalui perbandingan dengan Mesir dan Maroko, ditemukan bahwa integrasi regulasi yang lebih ketat mengenai pengesahan perceraian mampu memberikan kepastian hukum yang lebih baik bagi masyarakat. Langkah positifikasi ini dianggap sebagai solusi strategis untuk menciptakan ketertiban hukum dan menjamin hak-hak konstitusional anggota keluarga yang selama ini rentan terhadap ketidakpastian. Sebagai kesimpulan, penguatan regulasi isbat talak melalui hukum positif merupakan kebutuhan mendesak demi mewujudkan keadilan hukum bagi keluarga di Indonesia. Transformasi norma hukum Islam ke dalam aturan perundang-undangan nasional akan memastikan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap istri dan anak tidak lagi bersifat parsial, melainkan menyeluruh dan mengikat secara formal. Dengan demikian, tujuan pernikahan untuk menciptakan kemaslahatan tetap dapat terjaga meskipun ikatan tersebut harus berakhir melalui perceraian.

Analisis Hukum Atas Penolakan Isbat Nikah Dalam Perkawinan Siri Dan Penetapan Status Anak Sah Dalam Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor: 129/Pdt.P/2024/PA.Bsk Aswandi Aswandi; Elimartati Elimartati; Nofialdi Nofialdi; Zulkifli Zulkifli; Sri Yunarti
AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : IDRIS Darulfunun Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58764/j.im.2026.7.151

Penelitian ini menganalisis Putusan Pengadilan Agama Batusangkar Nomor 129/Pdt.P/2024/PA-Bsk yang secara bersamaan menolak permohonan isbat nikah (pengesahan perkawinan) namun mengabulkan permohonan penetapan status anak sebagai anak sah. Kasus ini menjadi menarik karena mencerminkan ketegangan antara prinsip kepastian hukum perkawinan dengan perlindungan hak anak dalam praktik peradilan agama di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif analitik dengan metode field research. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan tiga orang hakim yang menyidangkan perkara tersebut serta para pemohon. Selain itu, peneliti juga melakukan analisis dokumen putusan dan berkas perkara. Data sekunder bersumber dari Undang-Undang Perkawinan, Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI), Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VII/2010, literatur fiqh munakahat, serta konsep maqashid syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa majelis hakim menolak permohonan isbat nikah karena perkawinan para pemohon melanggar ketentuan larangan perkawinan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 40 huruf (a) KHI jo. Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Salah satu pihak masih terikat perkawinan sebelumnya, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan praktik poliandri dan merusak kesakralan institusi perkawinan. Meskipun demikian, hakim mengabulkan status anak sebagai anak sah dengan pertimbangan utama best interest of the child dan prinsip kemaslahatan (maslahah). Hakim berpandangan bahwa kesalahan orang tua tidak boleh dibebankan kepada anak. Pengabulan ini memberikan kepastian hukum bagi anak untuk memperoleh akta kelahiran, kartu keluarga, hak nafkah, perwalian, dan hak waris. Putusan ini merepresentasikan harmonisasi antara kepastian hukum positif dengan maqashid syariah, khususnya hifz al-nasl (perlindungan keturunan). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hakim telah menerapkan pendekatan progresif dan humanis dalam menyelesaikan konflik antara keabsahan perkawinan dan perlindungan hak anak.

Diskresi Hakim Pengadilan Agama Kotobaru Solok Terhadap Nafkah Isteri dan Hak Asuh Anak Dalam Hukum Keluarga Islam Yesi Marlina; Sri Yunarti; Farida Arianti; Zulkifli Zulkifli; Nofialdi Nofialdi
AL-IMAM: Journal on Islamic Studies, Civilization and Learning Societies Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : IDRIS Darulfunun Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58764/j.im.2026.7.153

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis mendalam mengenai diskresi hakim Pengadilan Agama Kotobaru Solok dalam menentukan besaran nafkah istri dan penetapan hak asuh anak pada perkara perceraian. Studi ini juga mengevaluasi faktor pendorong serta penghambat yang dihadapi hakim dalam menerapkan diskresi tersebut, dengan meninjau keselarasan keputusan mereka terhadap prinsip-prinsip hukum keluarga Islam. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) kualitatif. Sumber data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan Majelis Hakim, sementara data sekunder berasal dari dokumen resmi perkara perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Kotobaru Solok. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis domain, taksonomi, dan konvensional, serta diperkuat dengan teknik triangulasi sumber dan waktu untuk menjamin validitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan diskresi hakim dalam menetapkan nafkah istri pasca perceraian sangat dipengaruhi oleh dinamika kondisi sosial dan ekonomi para pihak. Hakim berupaya menciptakan keseimbangan antara kemampuan finansial suami dan kebutuhan mendasar istri dengan berlandaskan pada prinsip maqashid syariah, khususnya dalam menjaga keselamatan jiwa (hifz an-nafs) dan perlindungan harta (hifz al-mal). Terkait hak asuh anak, diskresi hakim berorientasi penuh pada kepentingan terbaik anak (best interest of the child) demi menjamin lingkungan tumbuh kembang yang sehat secara fisik maupun emosional, sesuai prinsip hifz an-nasl. Putusan yang dihasilkan melalui diskresi ini bertujuan mewujudkan keadilan substansial yang seimbang bagi semua pihak tanpa mengabaikan dalil Al-Qur'an, seperti Surah At-Talaq ayat 7, yang menekankan pemberian nafkah sesuai kesanggupan. Secara integratif, praktik diskresi di PA Kotobaru Solok terbukti konsisten dalam melindungi hak-hak rentan istri dan anak dalam kerangka hukum Islam.

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