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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review PAMALI: Pattimura Magister Law Review Arus Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora AHKAM : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Humaniora Notary Law Journal Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Triwikrama: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial JURNAL RETENTUM Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum IJBLPS Law and Justice Almufi Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Journal of Creative Power and Ambition (JCPA) Jurnal Jurisprudence International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
Mubarok, Asnawi
Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Social Sciences Other

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Legal Protection for Buyers Against Developers' Default in Land Purchase Agreements (study of decision number 15/Pdt.G/2025/PN Samarinda): Perlindungan Hukum Pembeli Atas Wanprestasi Developer Tidak Beritikad Baik Dalam Perjanjian Jual Beli Tanah Perumahan (studi putusan nomor 15/Pdt.G/2025/PN Samarinda) Sasikirana Anastasia; Asnawi Mubarok; Rahmatullah Ayu Hasmiati
Journal of Creative Power and Ambition (JCPA) Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Creative Power and Ambition (JCPA)
Publisher : CV Edujavare Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study analyzes the form of default by a bad-faith developer in housing land sale and purchase agreements based on Decision Number 15/Pdt.G/2025/PN Smr dated 24 July 2025, using normative legal research methods with statute, case, and conceptual approaches. The results show: first, the developer committed default in the form of niet nakomen a total failure to split HGB Certificate Number 19 (now 435) under PT. Mega Sejahtera Utama into individual plot certificates for more than 21 years constructed through mora ex re under Article 1238 KUHPerdata because the certificate-splitting process technically requires only months to complete; Defendant I was declared in contractual default while Defendant II violated administrative-land law obligations as the holder of the master HGB certificate; and the developer's good-faith obligation was violated across all three contractual phases; second, the buyer is protected through three cumulative layers of repressive instruments, namely a granted nakoming claim under Article 1267 KUHPerdata, a court order directing ATR/BPN as a legal substitute for the master HGB holder who cannot be found thereby filling the normative gap in Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997, and satisfaction of all three good-faith buyer criteria under SEMA Number 4 of 2016; however, the buyer is not fully protected because the uitvoerbaar bij voorraad petition was denied under Article 180 HIR and court costs were imposed on the buyer, confirming the existing protection system remains entirely reactive. This research identifies two normative gaps requiring urgent action: the absence of a statutory deadline for developer HGB certificate-splitting obligations and the absence of regulations on land administration continuity when the notary or PPAT dies before completion.
The Relationship Of State Law And Customary Law:: Reinforcement And Protection Of Customary Law In Constitutional Court Judgment Asnawi Mubarok; Absori; Harun; Sheela Jayabalan
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 13, No. 2, December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v13i2.2914

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: This research analyzes the relationship between state law and customary law and Constitutional Court judgment in strengthening the rights of indigenous peoples and legal protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. Methodology: This article used normative legal research. Normative legal research is a scientific research procedure based on the logic of jurisprudence (doctrine) to seek truth from a normative perspective, which is conducted in the literature study in the form of relevant legal regulations and norms, especially in the Constitutional Court Judgment Number 35/PUU-X/2012, as well as other relevant sources. Results: This study reveals that recognition of the nature of the norms created by Indonesian indigenous peoples in the constitution is a facultative norm rather than imperative. Therefore, the state's obligation to recognize and respect indigenous peoples does not have strong binding force, so it is difficult to use apparent guidelines, procedures and mechanisms. This situation provokes conflicts, including between the government and society, society and entrepreneurs, and within society. The protection and reinforcement of indigenous communities still requires improvements and stronger law enforcement. Applications of this study: The research provides a comprehensive understanding analysis given that the interaction of state law with customary law or non-state laws both have influences and intersect with each other. However, conflicts between laws that apply to an area often let local laws to be defeated through the authorization process. The state has the right to issue and ratify all policies. State law should not eliminate the existence of customary law, but it is expected that shared likeliness can be sought so that it is consistent in its implementation. Novelty/ Originality of this study: This research gives a conceptual proposal of protecting indigenous peoples' land rights through: First, strengthening recognition. Indigenous communities whose customary land is in need for development should be recognized, not in the form of funds, but through the construction of public facilities or other forms of benefit to local communities. Second, establishing an independent institution under the President that resolves problems, conflicts, recognition, protection and promotion of the rights of indigenous peoples. Third, regulatory integration between ministries. Fourth, reinforcing the role of regional government and Regional Legislative Council. This conceptual proposal emphasizes the significance of respecting and protecting the rights of indigenous peoples before law, political recognition, autonomy and policies to ensure that the rights of indigenous peoples are respected and upheld. Keywords: Indigenous People, Legal Protection, Constitutional Court   ABSTRAK   Tujuan: Penelitian ini menganalisis tentang relasi hukum negara dengan hukum adat dan Putusan MK dalam penguatan hak masyarakat adat serta perlindungan hukum terhadap hak masyarakat adat Metodologi: Artikel ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif adalah suatu prosedur penelitian ilmiah berdasarkan logika yurisprudensi (doktrin) untuk mencari kebenaran dari sisi normatif, yang dilakukan dalam kajian bahan pustaka berupa peraturan dan norma hukum yang terkait terutama dalam putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi nomor 35/ PUU-X/2012, juga sumber lain yang terkait. Temuan: Kajian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pengakuan terhadap hakikat norma-norma yang diciptakan oleh masyarakat adat Indonesia dalam konstitusi adalah sebuah norma opsional dan bukan norma wajib. Oleh karena itu, kewajiban negara untuk mengakui dan menghormati masyarakat adat tidak mempunyai kekuatan mengikat yang kuat, sehingga tidak mudah untuk dijadikan pedoman, prosedur dan mekanisme yang lebih konkrit. Keadaan ini memunculkan banyak konflik, antara lain antara pemerintah dengan masyarakat, masyarakat dengan pengusaha, serta masyarakat dengan masyarakat. Perlindungan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat adat masih memerlukan perbaikan dan penegakan hukum yang lebih kuat. Kegunaan: Penelitian memberikan analisis pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif melihat bahwa interaksi hukum negara dengan hukum adat atau hukum yang bukan berasal dari negara sama-sama memiliki pengaruh dan saling bersinggungan, meskipun demikian konflik antar hukum yang berlaku atas suatu wilayah sering kali menyebabkan hukum lokal dikalahkan melalui proses otorisasi negara yang berhak mengeluarkan dan mengesahkan segala kebijakan. Hukum negara hendaknya tidak menyingkirkan keberadaan hukum adat, namun diharapkan dapat dicari titik-titik persamaan yang ada sehingga sejalan dalam pelaksanaannya. Kebaruan/Orisinalitas: Penelitian ini memberikan tawaran konsepsional perlindungan hak atas tanah masyarakat adat dapat melalui: Pertama, memperkuat recognitie. masyarakat adat yang tanah ulayatnya diperlukan untuk pembangunan harus diberikan pengakuan, bukan dalam bentuk uang, tetapi melalui pembangunan fasilitas umum atau bentuk lain yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat setempat. Kedua, Membentuk lembaga independen di bawah Presiden yang menangani permasalahan, konflik, pengakuan, perlindungan dan pemajuan hak-hak masyarakat adat. Ketiga, Integrasi Regulasi antar Kementerian. Keempat, Penguatan Peran Pemerintah Daerah dan DPRD. Seluruh tawaran konsepsionel ini menekankan pentingnya menghormati dan melindungi hak-hak masyarakat adat dalam konteks hukum, pengakuan politik, otonomi, dan kebijakan untuk memastikan hak-hak masyarakat adat dihormati dan ditegakkan. Kata Kunci: Masyarakat Adat, Perlindungan Hukum, Mahkamah Konstitusi
Implementasi Klausul Mitigasi Risiko sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Wanprestasi dalam Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli Tanah Dikota Samarinda Nurtiara; Asnawi Mubarok; Rahmatullah Ayu Hasmiati
AHKAM Vol 5 No 4 (2026): AHKAM: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Lembaga Yasin AlSys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ahkam.v5i4.11453

Abstract

Although risk mitigation clauses in land Preliminary Sale and Purchase Agreements (PPJB) play an important role in preventing breaches of contract, their implementation continues to face various obstacles, including incomplete documentation and unclear legal status of the land concerned, limited understanding among the parties regarding the contents of the agreement, noncompliance with obligations, and the suboptimal application of the principle of good faith. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of risk mitigation clauses in land PPJB as an effort to prevent breaches of contract and identify the obstacles to and measures for optimizing their application. The study employed an empirical legal method with an empirical juridical approach and qualitative analysis. Data were obtained through interviews with notaries/Land Deed Officials and employees of the Samarinda City Land Office and were supported by a literature review. The results showed that risk mitigation clauses had been implemented through provisions governing the rights and obligations of the parties, payment mechanisms, deadlines for the fulfillment of contractual obligations, breach-of-contract provisions, force majeure, and dispute resolution mechanisms. Notaries/Land Deed Officials also verified the legality of the land concerned and explained the substance of the agreement before the PPJB was signed, thereby supporting legal certainty and protection for the parties. However, the effectiveness of their application remained influenced by administrative completeness, certainty regarding the legal status of the land concerned, the parties’ understanding, compliance with contractual obligations, and adherence to the principle of good faith. This study confirms that optimizing risk mitigation clauses requires clear and comprehensive clause formulation, strengthening the role of notaries/Land Deed Officials in providing legal explanations, and enhancing administrative verification and verification of the legality of the land concerned before the PPJB is prepared. These findings contribute to the development of contract law studies and provide practical implications for the parties and authorized officials in improving the effectiveness of breach-of-contract prevention in land sale and purchase transactions.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Kejadian Tanah Longsor Dalam Pembangunan Perumahan Mewah Kota Samarinda Nazla Zahira Yasmin; Siti Raodah; Adhe Satryo Baratha Yuda; Aryo Mukti Nugraha; Asnawi Mubarok
ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : LP3M INSTITUT KH YAZID KARIMULLAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59246/aladalah.v2i4.947

Abstract

. This research raises the issue of elite housing development on Jalan M.T. Haryono in Samarinda City, which has generated controversy due to violations and negative impacts on the surrounding. This research aims to understand the perceptions of the people of Gang 6 M. Said who became victims of landslides caused by its activities.This research uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques analyzing news articles, scientific journals, official reports, and other related documents, field observations and in-depth interviews with people in there. The results showed that the people who lived in there have almost similar perceptions towards the construction of this elite housing project. Most of the community didn’t know that the lowering of the seal of the development project had been carried out from March 2024. However, the majority of residents still feel worried after the landslide incident. Therefore, some residents moved from the area near the development project. Although, the residents also appreciate the responsibility of the housing company afterwards, starting from material responsibility and the needs such as food, blankets, and others, and thankful for the steps taken by the Samarinda City Government, which is swift to face, listen to, and follow up on this issue.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AGRARIAN LAW IN AREAS Andi Fahratul Sriwani; Faradila Ramadani; Nur Paridah Mey Yulia; Wirdatul Jannah; Asnawi Mubarok
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 1 No. 4 (2024): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v1i4.96

Abstract

The study aims to analyze the comparison of the implementation of agricultural law in different countries. The discussion of land is important in the context of the development of a country because land is a valuable asset and a source of life for the people. Nonetheless, the implementation of agricultural law often faces challenges that are obstacles to achieving agricultural governance effectively and fairly. This study employs a comparative research method. We collect the data from a variety of relevant sources, including legislation, policies, and related literature. We carried out the analysis to compare the differences and similarities in the implementation of agricultural law on land in the countries involved in the case studies. We expect the results of this research to provide a deeper understanding of the implementation of agricultural law on land in various contexts and countries. This study will also discuss the importance of adapting agricultural laws to the needs and socio-economic realities of local communities. The research aims to guide policymakers in crafting and executing more equitable and effective agricultural policies for farm management.
EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN REDISTRIBUSI TANAH DALAM PROGRAM REFORMA AGRARIA DI INDONESIA Rosa Khairidawati; Novita Ardiani; Asnawi Mubarok
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 1 No. 4 (2024): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v1i4.99

Abstract

This article examines the effectiveness of land redistribution implementation in Indonesia's agrarian reform program. The land redistribution program is part of the government's efforts to achieve equitable land ownership and improve farmers' welfare. This study aims to evaluate the success of the land redistribution program, identify the challenges faced in its implementation, and provide strategic recommendations to enhance the program's effectiveness. The research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach in several regions that focus on land redistribution. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with farmers, government officials, and agrarian experts, as well as field observations and document studies. The findings indicate that while there are some successes in land redistribution, numerous obstacles hinder the program's effectiveness, including complex bureaucracy, agrarian conflicts, and lack of infrastructure support. This article also offers recommendations to overcome these challenges and improve the effectiveness of the land redistribution program in the future.
Legal Compliance with the Implementation of Religious Holiday Allowance in the Healthcare Industry of Samarinda City Marwah M Idris; Rio Arif Pratama; Asnawi Mubarok
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i3.11566

Abstract

The implementation of the Religious Holiday Allowance (Tunjangan Hari Raya; THR) remains a critical issue in Indonesian labour law because employer non-compliance may undermine the protection of employees’ normative rights. This study aimed to analyse employers’ legal compliance with THR regulations in the healthcare industry in Samarinda City, classify the characteristics of such compliance according to Herbert C. Kelman’s theory of legal compliance, and examine its implications for employee rights protection. An empirical legal approach with a qualitative design was employed. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis involving hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies and were examined using qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings indicate that THR implementation generally complied with applicable legal provisions concerning payment mechanisms, employee eligibility, allowance amounts, wage components, and payment deadlines. Nevertheless, several forms of non-compliance were identified, including delayed payments, improper calculation or provision of THR for employees with less than one year of service, and the failure of certain employers to provide THR to eligible employees. Based on Kelman’s framework, most employers demonstrated compliance motivated by adherence to legal requirements, only a limited number had reached the internalization stage, and several remained non-compliant. The study concludes that the degree and motivation of employers’ legal compliance directly shape the effectiveness of legal protection for employees’ normative rights. These findings contribute to labour law enforcement scholarship by demonstrating that formal compliance alone is insufficient to ensure sustainable employee protection. Strengthening employers’ legal awareness, regulatory supervision, and consistent law enforcement is therefore necessary to ensure the equitable and sustainable implementation of THR in the healthcare industry.
Co-Authors Abdurahman, Muhammad Rezy Absori Adhe Satryo Baratha Yuda Adhe Satryo Baratha Yuda Aldilla, Virly Agustin Alfiani, Syahira Alviana, Adinda Amini, Rismayana Salsa Anastasia, Sasikirana Andi Fahratul Sriwani Anisa Yusva Salsabilah Aprilia, Amanda Apriliani, Nur Aulia Aqsa, Muh.Ady Ardiyansah, Muhammad Niken Arip, Awang Farid Ramadhan Aristya Windiana Pamuncak Aryo Mukti Nugraha Aryo Mukti Nugraha Bayu Prasetyo Dewi Wulandari Dozan, Muhammad Welly Faradila Ramadani Febriansyah, Muhammad Ananda Bakti Finly, Shella Gayatri, Tiara In Harun Ikhwanul Muslim Ismeini, Arya Genta Prima Marselina, Findia Putri Marwah M Idris Maulana Maulana, Maulana Meliani, Mela Muhammad Amin Muhammad Hasan Basri Mulyawarman, Muhammad Kevin Nazla Zahira Yasmin Nazla Zahira Yasmin Nofisa, Dynanta Auliy Novita Ardiani Nur Paridah Mey Yulia Nur Yasmin, Angel Nurohman, Rifki Nurtiara Patmawati, Novi Piantari, Ni Komang Putri Prakoso, Keke Prasetya Putra, Moch Efendi Eka Rahmadhan , M. Inzaghi Wahyu Rahmatullah Ayu Hasmiati Ramadani, Faradila Resa, Muhammad Riani, Putri Bintang Rifiyanti, Siskawati Melinda Rio Arif Pratama Rio Arif Pratama Rosa Khairidawati Ryo Jauhari Saputra Sadiah, Rika Halimatun Saputra, Muhammad Akbar Sari, Normalia Sasikirana Anastasia Shabrina, Saira Sheela Jayabalan Siti Raodah Siti Raodah Syafiq Syadidul Azmi Tegar Nabil Zaidan, Daffa Wirdatul Jannah Wulandari, Marditia Zein, Muhammad Aulias Rafly