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Comparison Of Formulations And Antioxidant Activity Of Transparent Soap From Red And Black Plum (Prunus domestica L.) Yessi Febriani; Mierza, Vriezka; Septimar, Elviza
Jurnal Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam LLDikti Wilayah 1 (JUMPA) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): September: Mathematics and natural science
Publisher : Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi Wilayah I Sumatra Utara (LLDikti I)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54076/jumpa.v1i2.45

Transparent soap is a type of soap for the face and body to cleanse and protect the skin from free radicals. Plums are fruits that have very high antioxidant capabilities, because they have the content of flavonoids and tannins. This research aims to make transparent soap with the addition of red and black plum juice and compare the antioxidant activity capabilities of soap. This research captures the process of taking cider, phytochemical screening, and soap making. Analysis is pH test, moisture content, foam stability, free alkaline, and antioxidant activity test with DPPH method. The results of the antioxidant activity test are very strong with a value of IC50 < 50 ppm namely red plum juice (30.83 ppm), black plum juice (47.74 ppm), red plum soap (16.52 ppm), black plum soap (12.08 ppm). Soap has a pH of negative blanko (8.5), positive blanko (8.3), red plum (8.6), black plum (8.0). Water content of blanko soap is negative (1.88), blanko positive (2.69), red plum (1.76), black plum (1.83). Negative blanko soap foam stability (50), positive blanko (20), red plum (45), black plum (65), and alkaline free negative blanko soap (0.04), positive blanko (0.08), red plum (0.05), black plum (0.06). Transparent soap meets the quality requirements in accordance with SNI 3532:2016.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Ekstrak Metanol Dari Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Sebagai Antimikroba Mierza, Vriezka; Razali, Mariany; Hanafi, Muhammad; Pandiangan, Martina
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Health Research Vol 5 No 3 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Forum Kerjasama Pendidikan Tinggi (FKPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47065/jharma.v5i3.6137

Microorganisms, which include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, are a large class of microscopic organisms with one or more cells. Among them are Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, and Streptococcus pyognes. One type of plant that has health benefits is the cocoa plant (Theobroma cacao L.) which belongs to the Malvaceae tribe. In this study, methanol extract of cocoa fruit peel (Theobroma cacao L.) was made as an inhibition test against Streptococcus pyognes, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Cocoa pod peel (Theobroma cacao L.) was the test material used in the experimental methodology of this study. Simplisia preparation, ethanol solvent maceration extraction, agar diffusion method antibacterial activity testing, and phytochemical screening for chemical compound component analysis are part of the stages of this research. Drying of cocoa fruit peels produced 26.5 kg of simplisia, and maceration with ethanol produced 14.41 g of thick extract. Antibacterial activity of ethanol macerated extract of cocoa fruit peel was shown by inhibition against Streptococcus pyognes bacteria by 21 mm, Bacillus subtilis bacteria by 68 mm, Bacillus subtilis bacteria by 14.06 mm, Proteus mirabilis bacteria by 14.4 mm, and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. The results of phytochemical screening of ethanol extract of cocoa pod skin showed the presence of anthraquinone glycosides, flavonoid chemical compounds, triterpenoids, tannins, and saponins.

Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa L.) Terhadap Bakteri Patogen Saputri, Muharni; Mierza, Vriezka; Zebua, Nilsya Febrika; Panjaitan, M Ridho Pangestu
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Health Research Vol 5 No 3 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Forum Kerjasama Pendidikan Tinggi (FKPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47065/jharma.v5i3.6139

Antiba Antibacterials work by preventing and managing the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The goal of controlling bacterial growth is to stop the spread of infection. Basically, people use synthetic drugs in antibacterial prevention but often there is a lot of resistance in the human body that can cause adverse effects. The active ingredients in ketapang leaves have the potential to act as natural antibiotics and antibacterials to combat antibiotic resistance. To determine the antibacterial effectiveness of these chemical compounds against bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Demacoccus nishinomiyaensi, Stapylococcus epidermidis and Micrococcus luteus, a study was conducted with the aim of knowing the content of chemical compounds contained in ketapang leaves based on maceration results. This study uses an experimental descriptive method with Ketapang leaf test material (Terminalia cattapa L.) This research stage includes making simplisia, maceration extraction using ethanol solvent, antibacterial activity test agar well diffusion method and analysis of chemical compound components by phytochemical screening.The results of drying fresh ketapang leaves produce as much as 1.6 kg of simplisia, and when 300 grams of ketapang leaf simplisia is macerated using ethanol pro analysis, 1.5 kg of simplisia is obtained. The ethanol extract from the maceration of ketapang leaves has antibacterial activity as shown by the inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria by 18.38 mm, Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis bacteria by 23.05 mm, Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria by 18.71 mm, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria by 20.71 mm. After screening the ethanol extract of ketapang leaves, triterpenoid components, anthraquinone glycosides, saponins, and tannins were found. Flavonoid compounds were also found.

Pharmacological Benefits Extracts of Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica Linn.) in Herbal Medicine: A Review Ananda, Meisya Dwi; Mierza, Vriezka; Khaerunisa, Aulia; Apriani, Risa Dwi
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i6.8017

Herbal medicine has a long history of use as an alternative therapy, especially for acute and chronic diseases. There have been many studies on the Putri Malu plant (Mimosa pudica Linn.) to uncover its pharmacological activities. This review paper aims to examine the secondary metabolites present in the extracts of the plant putri malu (Mimosa pudica Linn.) and their potential pharmacological actions. The method used was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which collected publications from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. From this process, 15 studies were identified that met the predetermined inclusion criteria. Most of the studies used extracts of the leaves putri malu (Mimosa pudica Linn.) with ethanol solvent as the leading choice for extraction. The pharmacological activities found include antioxidant (20%), anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic (13.3% each) and contain antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antihelminthic, diuretic, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, antidepressant, and antihyperlipidemic (6.7% each). In conclusion, extracts of the plant putri malu (Mimosa pudica Linn.) show great potential for use in herbal medicine. Its wide range of pharmacological actions backs its advantages in treating and preventing several illnesses.

Explorasi Isolasi Metabolit Sekunder dari Tanaman Tingkat Tinggi dan Potensinya Sebagai Aktivitas Antibakteri: Tinjauan Literatur Arsylrakhmatika, Giga Anugrah; Mierza, Vriezka
BEST Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/best.v8i1.11759

Isolasi metabolit sekunder dari tanaman tingkat tinggi telah menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian pengembangan agen antibakteri alami. Tanaman tingkat tinggi diketahui mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif, seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, dan saponin, yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Senyawa-senyawa ini telah diteliti secara luas karena kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan dan membunuh bakteri patogen. Studi ini meninjau berbagai penelitian terbaru mengenai isolasi, karakterisasi, dan uji bioaktivitas metabolit sekunder dari tanaman tingkat tinggi serta potensinya sebagai agen antibakteri. Berbagai teknik isolasi dan karakterisasi telah diterapkan, seperti metode ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut organik, pemisahan dengan teknik kromatografi, serta analisis struktur menggunakan spektroskopi seperti spektrofotometer UV-vis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Setelah diperoleh senyawa murni, efektivitas antibakteri diuji dengan berbagai metode, termasuk metode Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), serta metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metabolit sekunder dari tanaman tingkat tinggi bekerja melalui berbagai mekanisme antibakteri, seperti menghambat sintesis dinding sel bakteri, merusak membran sel, serta menghambat aktivitas enzim esensial. Efektivitas antibakteri yang tinggi dari senyawa ini menunjukkan potensinya dalam pengembangan terapi alternatif terhadap infeksi bakteri, terutama dalam menghadapi meningkatnya resistensi antibiotik. Tinjauan ini memberikan wawasan komprehensif mengenai pemanfaatan tanaman tingkat tinggi sebagai sumber agen antibakteri baru. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memahami mekanisme kerja secara lebih spesifik, mengevaluasi toksisitasnya, serta mengembangkan formulasi yang tepat untuk aplikasi klinis. Dengan meningkatnya ancaman resistensi antibiotik, eksplorasi metabolit sekunder dari tanaman dapat menjadi solusi inovatif dalam pencarian terapi antibakteri yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan

Literature Review: Standardization of Rutin Compounds in Several Plant Types Mierza, Vriezka; Odhia, Febry Nola; Tyasna, Putri Setya; Nisa, Dila Qhoirul; Andriani, Nadia
Jurnal EduHealth Vol. 13 No. 02 (2022): Jurnal eduHealth, Periode Oktober - December, 2022
Publisher : Sean Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (248.87 KB)

Rutin is a compound derived from flavonoids. Rutin is a quercetin glycoside with a disaccharide consisting of glucose and rhamnose. Rutin is known to have activity as an antioxidant, anti-radical, estrogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, cytotoxic and protects against organ damage. The manufacture of herbal medicines must first go through a standardization process. This review was conducted to identify the rutin contained in an extract by means of Visible Light, KLT, HPLC, and LCMS. This research uses the literature review method by collecting and identifying relevant research data sources or articles published online, through the Google Scholar web database and Science Direct.

EFFECT OF HESPERETIN TREATMENT ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL, SPERMATOZOA QUALITY, AND SPERMATOZOA QUANTITY IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC MICE Nerdy, Nerdy; Meliala, Linta; Barus, Bunga Rimta; Lestari, Puji; Ginting, Selamat; Ariani, Peny; Mierza, Vriezka; Bakri, Tedy Kurniawan
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 15, No 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v15i1.18406

Male infertility has occurred rapidly in the last few decades, primarily in developing countries. An antioxidant, hesperetin is a flavonoid that is found in abundance in orange peels. The aims of this research were to determine the effect of hesperetin on blood sugar levels, spermatozoaquality, and spermatozoa quantity. The research structure included induction of diabetes mellitus and treatment for 8 weeks, followed bydetermination of blood sugar levels, spermatozoa quality, and spermatozoa quantity. Hesperetin has the ability to restore blood sugar levels, spermatozoa quantity, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight, volume, and germinal epithelial layer thickness with significant difference from the normal control group. Hesperetin did not fully restore spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphology with significant difference from the normal control group, nor from the positive control group. However, overall, hesperetin decreased blood glucose levels, increased spermatozoa quantity, and improved the spermatozoa quality in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus mice. Dose-dependent activity was observed with the optimum dose at 200 mg/kg body weight.

Literature Review: Identification of Chemical Components and Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamon Bark Essential Oil (Cinnamomum burmanii) Clarissa, Yesa Prilia; Mierza, Vriezka
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10795

Bacterial infections remain a major global health concern, particularly with the growing incidence of antibiotic resistance. This situation has encouraged the search for alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural sources, including essential oils extracted from cinnamon bark. This review article aims to summarize current findings on the chemical characterization of cinnamon bark essential oil and the compounds responsible for its antibacterial activity, providing a foundation for its potential development as a natural antibacterial agent. Literature selection was conducted using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, covering original research published between 2015 and 2025 and retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords “essential oil,” “Cinnamomum burmanii,” “bark,” and “antibacterial.” Based on this screening process, seven research articles met the established criteria. The reviewed data indicate that cinnamaldehyde is the predominant component of cinnamon bark essential oil and plays a major role in its broad spectrum antibacterial activity, including against resistant bacterial strains.

Literature Review: The Antimicrobial Potential of Xanthorrhizoland and Curcuminoids from the Rhizomes of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza (Temulawak) Habibah, Habibah; Mierza, Vriezka
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10810

Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat that drives the search for new antimicrobial agents derived from natural sources. Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) contains two major active compounds, xanthorrhizol and curcuminoid, known for their antimicrobial properties. This review aims to analyze and compare the antimicrobial potential of these compounds to determine the most prospective candidate for development as an active natural antimicrobial agent in Indonesia. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA guideline on articles published between 2015 and 2025, obtained from Google Scholar and PubMed. Of the 251 articles identified, 10 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The results indicate that xanthorrhizol exhibits stronger and broader antimicrobial activity, with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 16 µg/mL, inhibition zones of 12–14 mm, and inhibition rates exceeding 90% against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis. In contrast, curcuminoid shows variable activity (inhibition zones of 0–16 mm) and its effectiveness increases after photodynamic activation (Photodynamic Therapy, PDT) through the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). In conclusion, xanthorrhizol is more promising as a primary natural antimicrobial agent, while curcuminoid serves as a complementary compound to enhance antimicrobial effectiveness.

Explorasi Isolasi Metabolit Sekunder dari Tanaman Tingkat Tinggi dan Potensinya Sebagai Aktivitas Antibakteri: Tinjauan Literatur Arsylrakhmatika, Giga Anugerah; Mierza, Vriezka
BEST Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/best.v8i1.13056

Isolasi metabolit sekunder dari tanaman tingkat tinggi telah menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian pengembangan agen antibakteri alami. Tanaman tingkat tinggi diketahui mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif, seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, dan saponin, yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Senyawa-senyawa ini telah diteliti secara luas karena kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan dan membunuh bakteri patogen. Studi ini meninjau berbagai penelitian terbaru mengenai isolasi, karakterisasi, dan uji bioaktivitas metabolit sekunder dari tanaman tingkat tinggi serta potensinya sebagai agen antibakteri. Berbagai teknik isolasi dan karakterisasi telah diterapkan, seperti metode ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut organik, pemisahan dengan teknik kromatografi, serta analisis struktur menggunakan spektroskopi seperti spektrofotometer UV-vis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Setelah diperoleh senyawa murni, efektivitas antibakteri diuji dengan berbagai metode, termasuk metode Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), serta metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metabolit sekunder dari tanaman tingkat tinggi bekerja melalui berbagai mekanisme antibakteri, seperti menghambat sintesis dinding sel bakteri, merusak membran sel, serta menghambat aktivitas enzim esensial. Efektivitas antibakteri yang tinggi dari senyawa ini menunjukkan potensinya dalam pengembangan terapi alternatif terhadap infeksi bakteri, terutama dalam menghadapi meningkatnya resistensi antibiotik. Tinjauan ini memberikan wawasan komprehensif mengenai pemanfaatan tanaman tingkat tinggi sebagai sumber agen antibakteri baru. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memahami mekanisme kerja secara lebih spesifik, mengevaluasi toksisitasnya, serta mengembangkan formulasi yang tepat untuk aplikasi klinis. Dengan meningkatnya ancaman resistensi antibiotik, eksplorasi metabolit sekunder dari tanaman dapat menjadi solusi inovatif dalam pencarian terapi antibakteri yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.

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