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Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat
Universitas Warmadewa
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Journal : aesculapius medical journal

 1 
Hubungan Kecemasan dengan Keluhan Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) pada Mahasiswi di Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Warmadewa Tahun Angkatan 2020 Yunita Carolina Ero Atu; Putu Asih Primatanti; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 3 No 3 (2023): October
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.3.3.2023.414-418

Abstract

Menstruation is a natural process that occurs in every woman, which is a sign that the function ofthe reproductive organs has matured. Indications of premenstrual syndrome including physical,psychological and anxiety are the most common indications experienced by women when facingPMS. The purpose of the study was to determine the correlation between anxiety and premenstrualsyndrome (PMS) complaints that occurred in female students at the Faculty of Medicine andHealth Sciences at Warmadewa University, especially in the class of 2020. The type of research isanalytical observational, cross-sectional approach with a sample of 63 people. In this study, theresults obtained are the average majority of female students who have a tendency to anxiety with asevere category of 24 people or with a percentage of 38.1% and there is a frequency of 43 PMSfemale students or with a percentage of 68.3% where this shows the majority in the study. Theseare female respondents who complain of PMS. According to the results of the study, it can beconcluded that there is a correlation between anxiety and PMS complaints by students of theFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Warmadewa University, especially in the class of2020 with a p value of < 0.05.
Hubungan BBLR dengan Stunting pada Anak Usia 2-5 Tahun di Desa Sidan Gianyar Tahun 2019 Putu Kania Ayu Kirana; Ni Putu Aniek Mahayani; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 3 No 3 (2023): October
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.3.3.2023.409-413

Abstract

Stunting is a condition that fails to grow in children under five so that the child becomes too short for his age. The standard stunting measurement is based on the body length index compared to age (PB / U) or height compared to age (TB / U) with a limit (z-score) less than -2 SD from the WHO child growth nutritional status table. Stunting events are influenced by several factors, one of which is Low Birth Weight (LBW). The purpose of this study was to find out if there is a LBW relationship with stunting events in children aged 2-5 years in Sidan Village of Health Center Gianyar I Working Area in 2019. This study is a analitic study with a case control approach. The sample in this study was all children aged 2-5 years in sidan village. This research sampling technique is a total sampling with a sample number of 58 respondents who meet the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Data collection using observation sheets and mother and child health (KIA) books. Data analysis using the Chi-square test with α=0.05. In this study obtained the results: the frequency of stunting the most in the age range of 24-36 months as many as 12 children. Of the 58 children, there were 26 children with a history of LBW, including in the stunting group as many as 21 children and in the group of not stunting as many as 5 children. From this study, it was concluded that there is a historical relationship between LBW and stunting events in children aged 2-5 years in Sidan Village of Health Center Gianyar I Working Area in 2019 (p: 0.000; OR: 12,000; 95% CI: 3,569-44,488).
Hubungan Kejadian ISPA dengan Status Gizi pada Anak Balita Ni Ketut Devi Yogiswari; Kadek Ayu Lestari; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 4 No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.4.1.2024.75-80

Abstract

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an acute infection in one or more parts of the respiratory tract starting from the nose to the alveolus, including the adnexa (sinuses, middle ear cavity and pleura), where the indications appear for a maximum of 10 days. ARI is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, especially children under five. The high prevalence of ARI among toddlers is suspected to be correlated with their nutritional status. This study aims to analyze the correlation of nutritional status with the incidence of acute respiratory infections that attack children under five years, especially 12-59 months in UPT Kesmas Tegalalang II Gianyar during 2019. The study applied a cross sectional analytical approach that took secondary data in the form of 84 records. medical records for children under five at UPT Kesmas Tegalalang II Gianyar in 2019. The medical record data for toddlers was analyzed univariately to see the percentage of the frequency and proportion of each variable and bivariately with chi-square testing to see the effect of nutritional status on ARI cases where the significance value of p <0.05 . The data collected shows that there are 73 children under five with mild ARI (86.9%) and 11 people with moderate-severe ARI (13.1%). Meanwhile, children under five with poor nutritional status were 8 people (9.5%), poor nutritional status 23 people (27.4), good nutritional status 47 people (56%) and over nutritional status 6 people (7.1). %). The results of the bivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between ARI on the nutritional status of children under five (p value = 0.005). This study concluded that there was a significant relationship between ARI and the nutritional status of children under five at the UPT Kesmas Tegalalang II, Gianyar Regency in 2019.
Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Kecenderungan Gangguan Makan pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Warmadewa I Gusti Made Arya Janardana Kepakisan; Putu Asih Primatanti; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 4 No 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.4.1.2024.94-101

Abstract

[The Relationship between Stress Levels and Eating Disorder Tendencies in Students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University] Stress is the body's response towards changes that caused regulatory response, physical, psychological and emotional adaptation. In students, particularly medical students who are categorized in the young adult age group, stress often occurs due to internal and external factors. Stress was thought to cause eating disorder. Eating disorder could cause pressures to one's life, and as such could present a serious health problem to a person. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between stress level and the tendency of eating disorder in medical students of Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Warmadewa University. One hundreds and twenty four respondents were selected using simple random sampling and met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Information from respondents were obtained by sending questionnaires online. Data obtained from this study was analysed statistically using univariate and bivariate methods. Bivariate analysis were performed using Kruskal-Wallis test with α<0.05. Among 124 respondents, 48 people experienced different stress levels whether it is mild, moderate, heavy or severe. In addition, 17 people experienced the tendency of eating disorder. The result of the bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between stress level and the tendency of eating disorder (p value = 0,001). This study concluded that there is a significant relationship between stress level and the tendency of eating disorder among medical students of Warmadewa University
Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri Bacillus sp. PCAR1 dari Rumput Laut Eucheuma spinosum terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Ni Made Alit Yulianti; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat; Ni Wayan Widhidewi
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 4 No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.4.2.2024.165-171

Abstract

[Antibacterial Activity Screening of Bacillus sp. PCAR1 from Seaweed Eucheuma spinosum against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria] Microorganisms associated with marine organisms have the potential to produce secondary metabolite compounds with strong antibacterial activity. Previous research has isolated Bacillus sp. bacteria encoded as PCAR1 from Eucheuma spinosum seaweed with antibacterial potential against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. However, the potential bioactivity produced by bacillus sp. PCAR1, especially as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus, still needs to be explored using chemical extraction method. In this research, a total of 100 mL of sterile NB liquid media containing the cell mass of Bacillus sp. PCAR1 was fermented for 5 days and then shaken at 150 rpm. The supernatant was separated from the cell mass by filtration using Whatman filter paper no.1.The filtrate was extracted using ethyl acetate pro-analytics (1:1 v/v). The extracts were analyzed for antibacterial activity using the Kirby-Bauer method, while the chemical composition of the extracts was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method. Antibacterial screening of ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus sp. PCAR1 showed an inhibition zone of 6.23±0.06 mm against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293, which is classified as moderate antibacterial activity. GC/MS analysis showed that the ethyl acetate extract contained 10 chemical compounds that have potential as antibacterial, with four dominant active compounds namely p-Xylene (7.26%), Ethanol, 2-butoxy (5.36%), o-Xylene (3.14%), and mesitylene (3.41%). Overall, these results provide an initial overview of antibacterial compounds that can be synthesized by Bacillus sp. PCAR1.
Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antijamur dari Isolat Bakteri Marinobacter Hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7 I Gusti Gde Agung Anantawikrama; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat; Ni Wayan Widhidewi
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 4 No 3 (2024): October
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.4.3.2024.293-302

Abstract

Infectious diseases caused by bacteria and fungi are global health issues, including in Indonesia. Previous studies reported one bacterial isolate associated with the seaweed Caulerpa lentillifera, namely Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7, which showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans based on the perpendicular streak method. This study is alaboratory research with a descriptive method. Isolate M. hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7 was grown in 100 mL of nutrient broth supplemented with artificial seawater for seven days. The obtained supernatant was separated from the cell mass by filtration, and the supernatant was extracted with ethyl acetate at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) and further evaporated at 40°C to obtain a thick extract. The crude ethyl acetate extract obtained was tested against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus mutans FNCC 0405), and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603) using the Kirby-Bauer method. Screening results showed that the extract was only active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with an average inhibitory zone diameter of 7.32±0.57 mm, which is classified as moderate antibacterial activity. Meanwhile, the extract did not form inhibitory zone diameters against other test bacteria. Antifungal screening showed that the extract could not inhibit the growth of Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus fungi. These results overall indicate the initial potential of antibacterial activity from the M. hydrocarbonoclasticus NAR7 isolate. Further optimization efforts, including extraction with different solvents, are required.
Skrining Fitokimia, Aktivitas Antibakteri, dan Antijamur Ekstrak Etil Asetat Biji Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) Dewa Ayu Mas Maharani; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat; Ni Wayan Widhidewi
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2025): February
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.5.1.2025.47-57

Abstract

The entry of bacteria and fungi into the body is one of the causes of infectious diseases. However, the use of synthetic antibiotics and antifungals often causes resistance effects by pathogenic microorganisms. One effort to overcome bacterial and fungal resistance is to explore secondary metabolite compounds from herbal plants and one of them is the seeds of the lamtoro plant (Leucaena leucocephala). Previous research has reported the antibacterial potential of lamtoro seeds. However, the information reported is not comprehensive because it was only tested using ethanol solvent. Apart from that, research on the antifungal activity of lamtoro seeds has never been reported. This research design uses laboratory experimental methods. The initial stage is plant identification and continued with extraction of lamtoro seed simplicia using ethyl acetate solvent with a ratio (1:5 w/v) for 24 hours and simplicia remaceration is carried out again for 24 hours. The resulting extract will be tested for its phytochemical content. Next, the extract will be tested for antibacterial and antifungal activity using the Kirby-Bauer method. The test bacteria used were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Streptococus mutans FNCC 0405, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603. The test fungi used were Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethyl acetate extract of lamtoro seeds contained flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity test of the ethyl acetate extract of lamtoro seeds showed that there was no antibacterial inhibitory effect on Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. The antifungal screening showed that the extract did not display antifungal activity against tested fungal indicators.  
Skrining Fitokimia, Antibakteri, dan Antioksidan Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Puring (Codiaeum variegatum) Ni Wayan Putri Primayanthi; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat; Putu Arya Suryanditha
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2025): February
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.5.1.2025.10-23

Abstract

Bacterial infection is a condition where pathogens enter the body. Although bacterial infections are generally treated with antibiotics, the irrational use of antibiotics has triggered bacterial resistance. One effort to overcome bacterial infections can be done by exploring herbal plants that have antibacterial potential and other potentials, such as antioxidants. One herbal plant that needs further research is croton leaves (Codiaeum variegatum). The first stage in the research was maceration and extraction of croton leaves with ethyl acetate solvent, then carrying out phytochemical screening. Next, the antibacterial test used the Kirby-Bauer method with six treatments: positive control (levofloxacin), negative control (ethyl acetate), and croton extract concentrations, namely 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%. The bacteria used were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Streptococcus mutans FNCC 0405, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method. The results of the phytochemical and antioxidant tests were analyzed descriptively, while the results of the antibacterial tests were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (for data with normal distribution) and Kruskal-Wallis (data which was not normally distributed). Phytochemical screening results show that croton leaf extract contains flavonoid compounds, tannins and phenols. The antibacterial test on croton leaf extract is classified as moderate to strong. At a concentration of 100%, the inhibition zone was found to be 11.8 ± 16.68 mm; 11.7 ± 0.87 mm; 12.23±0.23 mm; and 7.37 ± 0.69 mm respectively against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus mutans FNCC 0405, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Antioxidant tests showed that croton leaf extract had a weak antioxidant (IC50 479.37 ppm). In general, this research shows that ethyl acetate extract of croton leaves has antibacterial potential in vitro. Future research should focus on testing ethyl acetate extract against multidrug-resistant bacteria and exploring other potential bioactivities of croton plants.
Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri, Fitokimia & Antioksidan Ekstrak Etil Asetat Batang Tumbuhan Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) Luh Putu Ardha Gangga Cendani; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat; Marta Setiabudy
Aesculapius Medical Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2025): February
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/amj.5.1.2025.63-74

Abstract

Bacterial infectious disease is a condition when pathogenic bacteria enter the human body and cause disease. Cases of bacterial infections are getting worse with the increase in bacterial strains that develop antibiotic resistance. Efforts to overcome the problem of bacterial infections are by exploring herbal plants with antibacterial abilities. One of the herbal plants that has the potential to be researched is the stem of the kitolod plant (Isotoma longiflora). Empirically, this plant has been used by traditional communities to treat bacterial infections, but there has not been much research that can provide comprehensive information regarding the metabolite compounds contained in kitolod stems. This research used 100 grams of dry samples of kitolod stems which were macerated using 500 ml of ethyl acetate solvent (1:5, w/v) for 24 hours and remaceration was carried out once. The macerate obtained was evaporated using a rotary evaporator at a temperature of 40oC to get a thick extract from kitolod stems. The extract was tested in triplicate against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603) and Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans (FNCC 0405), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) using method Kirby-Bauer. The phytochemical content of kitolod stem extract was tested to detect the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The antioxidant activity of kitolod stem extract was tested using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl). The results of phytochemical screening show that kitolod extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. Atibacterial activity screening showed that no inhibition zone was formed against Gram-positive or Gram-negative test bacteria. The antioxidant test showed that the ethyl acetate extract of kitolod stems had very weak antioxidant levels, namely at the IC value50 393847.22 ppm and 2752.9442 ppm. Further research will be focused on extracting kitolod stems using several different organic solvents, so that the bioactivity of kitolod can be more explored.  
Co-Authors A.A. Made Semariyani Agus Santosa Alit Yulianti, Ni Made Amirah Khairunnisa Ayu Savitri Siskayani DAP Sri Masyeni Desak Putu Citra Udiyani Dewa Ayu Mas Maharani Dharmesti Wijaya Dharmesti Wijaya I Gede Yoga Ayuning Kirtanayasa I Gusti Agung Ayu Sucitra Ekaryani I Gusti Gde Agung Anantawikrama I Gusti Made Arya Janardana Kepakisan I Ketut Agus Indra Adhiputra I Made Sila Darmana I Putu Candra I Putu Candra I Wayan Sudiarta Ida Ayu Agung Idawati Ida Ayu Agung Idawati Ida Bagus Agung Dody Wira Putra Janurianti, Ni Made Defy Kadek Ayu Lestari Kadek Suryawan Luh Putu Ardha Gangga Cendani Made Dharmesti Wijaya Made Dharmesti Wijaya Made Dharmesti Wijaya Made Dharmesti Wijaya Made Dharmesti Wijaya Marta Setiabudy Marta Setiabudy Muhammad Amirul bin Abdul Rahman Ni Ketut Devi Yogiswari Ni Made Alit Yulianti Ni Made Ayu Suardani Singapurwa Ni Made Utami Dwipayanti Ni Putu Aniek Mahayani Ni Wayan Putri Primayanthi Ni Wayan Widhidewi P.A Suryanditha PA Suryandhita Putu Arya Suryanditha Putu Asih Primatanti Putu Austin Widyasari Wijaya Putu Kania Ayu Kirana Putu Shinta Widari Tirka Sri Masyeni, Dewa Ayu Putri Tanjung Subrata Wahyu Antari Wijaya Wahyu Antari Wijaya Yan Ramona Yenni Ciawi Yunita Carolina Ero Atu