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All Journal Arena Hukum Jurnal Al-Ijtimaiyyah Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam KABILAH : Journal of Social Community Al - Tadabbur: Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir Al-Manhaj: Journal of Indonesian Islamic Family Law Al-Manhaj: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Mutawasith: Jurnal Hukum Islam Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia Mukaddimah: Jurnal Studi Islam Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Jurnal Pendidikan, Kebudayaan dan Keislaman IHSAN : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam RESLAJ: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal Millatuna: Jurnal Studi Islam Politea : Jurnal Pemikiran Politik Islam
Fadil SJ
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Astronomy Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Social Sciences Other

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A Comparative Analysis of the Land Policies of Umar bin Khattab and the 1960 Basic Agrarian Law Salma, Kholidiyah; Sj, Fadil
Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Tebuireng: Journal of Islamic Studies and Society
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Hasyim Asy'ari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33752/tjiss.v6i2.11156

Abstract

Fair land management constitutes one of the pillars of social welfare. In Islamic history, Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab is well known for his land policies, which emphasized the social function of land, the prohibition of land abandonment, and equitable distribution. Meanwhile, Indonesia has the Basic Agrarian Law (Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria/UUPA) of 1960 as the foundation of its national agrarian law, regulating land tenure, utilization, and registration. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of Umar ibn al-Khattab’s land policies and the provisions of the UUPA in order to identify the similarities and differences in the principles governing both systems. The research method employed is a literature review using a normative–historical approach. Data sources include classical Islamic literature, historical chronicles, fiqh books, the 1960 Basic Agrarian Law, and relevant prior studies. The findings indicate points of convergence between Umar’s policies and the UUPA, particularly regarding the principle of the social function of land, the principle of equitable distribution, and the prohibition of ownership monopolies. The differences lie in institutional aspects and legal procedures: Umar’s policies were contextual ijtihad, whereas the UUPA is a codified legal product with formal administrative mechanisms. The contribution of this study is to offer an Islamic historical perspective as an ethical foundation for the refinement of national agrarian law toward the realization of social justice.
Considering Caliphate and Democracy in Islam: A Comparison of The Ottoman Dynasty and The Indonesian State Alfikri, Ahmad Faiz Shobir; SJ, Fadil
POLITEA Vol 7, No 1 (2024): Politea : Jurnal Pemikiran Politik Islam
Publisher : State Islamic Institute of Kudus (IAIN Kudus)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/politea.v7i1.24411

Abstract

The Ottoman Dynasty was one of the largest forms of Islamic government in history. This study aims to investigate and understand the comparison between the concept of the caliphate in the Ottoman Dynasty, one of the largest Islamic empires in history, and the form of a modern state with democracy, namely the State of Indonesia. This study uses comparative historical analysis, taken from primary sources, historical records, and scientific literature to trace the evolution of governance in the Ottoman Dynasty and the State of Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that there is no standard form of state practice in Islam. The monarchy system in the form of a caliphate state used by the Ottomans is in line with that conveyed by Ibn Abi Rabi who supports a monarchical form of government. The democratic system in the form of a republican state implemented in Indonesia is identical to the concept of Imamah conveyed by al-Mawardi. Any idea or formulation about state practice is permitted in Islam as long as it does not deviate from the references to the Qur'an and Hadith.
Politik Kekuasaan Dan Legitimasi Pada Masa Utsman Bin Affan: Kajian Historis Atas Ekspansi Dan Nepotisme Dalam Pemerintahan Islam Awal Chaniago, Ikwal; Kholil, Ahmad; Sj, Fadil
Millatuna: Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 3 No. 02 (2026): Studi Islam
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Hasyim Asy'ari Tebuireng Jombang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33752/mjsi.v3i02.11652

Abstract

Masa pemerintahan khalifah Utsman bin Affan termasuk fase krusial dalam sejarah politik Islam awal yang menunjukkan dinamika antara kekuasaan, legitimasi, dan stabilitas pemerintahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara ekspansi wilayah dan kebijakan politik nepotisme dalam membentuk legitimasi kekuasaan pada masa Khalifah Utsman bin Affan. Sebagai khalifah ketiga dari Khulafaur Rasyidin, Utsman berhasil memperluas kekuasaan Islam hingga Afrika Utara, Armenia, dan Asia Tengah, serta membentuk armada laut pertama yang menjadikan Islam sebagai kekuatan darat sekaligus maritim global. Namun, kebijakan pengangkatan pejabat dari kalangan Bani Umayyah menimbulkan persepsi adanya praktik nepotisme yang melemahkan kepercayaan publik terhadap pemerintahannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan historis-kritis dengan metode deskriptif-komparatif melalui studi pustaka terhadap sumber-sumber klasik dan jurnal terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspansi besar-besaran pada masa Utsman memperkuat hegemoni politik dan militer Islam, tetapi ketidakseimbangan dalam distribusi kekuasaan dan lemahnya komunikasi politik menimbulkan krisis legitimasi yang memuncak pada peristiwa al-fitnatul kubra. Dengan demikian, kajian ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan politik kekuasaan tanpa dukungan legitimasi moral dan sosial berpotensi menimbulkan disintegrasi, sehingga prinsip keadilan dan transparansi menjadi landasan utama bagi stabilitas pemerintahan Islam.
The Legitimacy of Religion and Power: A Study of the Transformation of the Safavid Dynasty from Order to State Ahmad Zaim Muchlisi A’la; Fadil SJ
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.10208

Abstract

This study analyzes the transformation of the Safavid Dynasty from a Sufi order into an institutionalized state, with religious legitimacy positioned as a central factor in the formation and consolidation of political power. It aims to demonstrate that religion functioned not only as a belief system but also as a strategic instrument for establishing authority within a premodern socio-political context. This study employed a qualitative approach with a historical-analytical design, using secondary data derived from classical works, academic books, and journal articles. The analysis was conducted using Max Weber’s theory of legitimacy and a political theology approach. The findings indicate that, in its early phase, the Safavid Order relied on religious charismatic authority. Over time, this authority developed into a more structured political power system, particularly under the leadership of Ismail I. The establishment of Twelver Shiism as the official state ideology became a key factor in fostering social integration, strengthening political legitimacy, and shaping a distinctive collective identity. Religious legitimacy was not merely symbolic but was systematically institutionalized through educational, legal, and administrative structures, enabling the continuity of political stability despite internal and external challenges. The study concludes that the Safavid transformation demonstrates how religious legitimacy can operate as an integrative force linking spiritual authority, political structures, and social cohesion in the formation of a sustainable state. These findings contribute to historical and political theology studies by clarifying the role of religious legitimacy in the institutionalization of power in premodern Islamic governance.
Co-Authors Abdul Rouf Ahmad Izzuddin Ahmad Kholil Ahmad Zaim Muchlisi A’la Alfikri, Ahmad Faiz Shobir Amin, Muhammad Nurfikri Amrullah, Najib Auliyah, Himatul Aunur Rofiq Chaniago, Ikwal Durrotun Nafisah Erfaniah Zuhriah Faisal, Raja Fashihuddin, Muhammad Firdaus, Sauqi Noer Hakim, Muhammad Aunul Helmi Syaifuddin Is'adur Rofiq, Muhammad Januario, Ridwan Angga Kasuwi Saiban KHOIRUL ANAM Khoirul Hidayah Mafruhatul Umamah Mevrianta Lisma Mufidah Cholil Nasrullah Nasrullah Nurdiansyah, Putra Pandu Dinata Salma, Kholidiyah Salsabila, Fajrina Dhia Siti Rohmah Susanto, Burhanuddin Suwandi Suwandi Thoriquddin, Moh. Titi Rusydiyati Al Kaswy Tutik Hamidah Zaid, Muhammad Zulfi Mubaraq