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Ontran Sumantri Riyanto
STIKES Bethesda Yakkum Yogyakarta Indonesia
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Journal : Journal Evidence Of Law

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Legal Politics and Protection of Health Workers in Handling Outbreaks: An Analysis of Incentive Policies and Occupational Safety Guarantees in Indonesia Riyanto, Ontran Sumantri
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Agustus)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i2.1517

Abstract

This study investigates how government legal policy shaped incentive schemes and occupational safety guarantees for health professionals during the COVID-19 response in Indonesia. Using a qualitative method with normative legal analysis, the research examines key instruments such as Presidential Decree No. 11 of 2020, Government Regulation instead of Law (Perppu) No. 1 of 2020 (later ratified as Law No. 2 of 2020), Minister of Health Decree No. HK.01.07/MENKES/4239/2021, and Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health. The findings reveal that emergency legal policies, which relied heavily on executive discretion, became the foundation for determining incentive mechanisms. Implementation, however, was often hindered by bureaucratic complexity and unequal distribution across regions. Regarding occupational safety, integrating Occupational Safety and Health (K3) principles marked a necessary legal adaptation. Yet, significant shortcomings persisted, most notably in mental health protection and the provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Psychological support for frontline workers remained underdeveloped, leaving them exposed to burnout and trauma, while PPE shortages and uneven allocation undermined workplace safety. These results demonstrate that legal responses prioritized rapid financial relief but lacked balance with long-term, comprehensive protection. By highlighting this gap, the study contributes to understanding the relationship between political power, the legal framework, and the welfare of health professionals. The implications stress the need for a holistic and integrated legal policy, supported by sustained commitment and adequate resources, to ensure equitable and lasting protection for health professionals in future public health crises.
Co-Authors Adi Purnomo Agus Nurudin Anggraeni Endah Kusumaningrum Ardiyanti Aris Arif Wahyudi Carolina Tuhumury Chrisjanto, Edy David Maharya Ardyantara Deassy J.A. Hehanussa Edy Lisdiyono Erlangga Alif Mufti Erna Tri Rusmala Ratnawati Fuad Fuad Fuad Fuad Haikal, Jenggis Khan Hetty W.A.Panggabean Hitauruk, Monika Ikaningtyas, Nurlia Irawan, Benny Bambang Isnanto Isnanto Juana Linda Simbolon Kelik Endro Suryono Kurniawan, Erik Adik Putra Bambang Kustanti, Christina Yeni Laurensius Lungan Mahendra, Yusuf Arya Mei Rianita Elfrida Sinaga Meliana, Yang Mufti, Erlangga Alif Munawar, Said Perdani, Rebeka Christin Raditya Sri Krisnha Wardhana Retno Mawarini Sukmariningsih Santoso, Audryan Putra Saragih, Rachel Free Evana Sucipto, Muh. Adi Suwito Suwito thahir, Thahir Viorizza Suciani Putri Wahab Aznul Hidaya Yassine, Chami Yohana Kristiyaning Rahayu