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All Journal Rechtsidee Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan Kreasi: Jurnal Inovasi dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyaraka Mataram Journal of International Law
Zunnuraeni
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Humanities Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Pendampingan Penyusunan Buku Saku Mengenal, Mencegah Dan Langkah Hukum Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual Di Lingkungan Sekolah Zunnuraeni; Muh. Risnain; Widodo Dwi Putro
Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan
Publisher : Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/risalahkenotariatan.v5i1.245

Abstract

kekerasan seksual di lingkungan sekolah masih sering terjadi di Indonesia. Berdasarkan data dari Komnas Perempuan, kasus kekerasan seksual di lingkungan pendidikan dari tahun 2015 hingga tahun 2020 mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak juga terjadi di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan jumlah yang tinggi. Lombok Tengah merupakan kabupaten dengan jumlah kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak tertinggi di NTB pada tahun 2022. Oleh karena itu, maka untuk mengatasi dan mencegah terjadinya kekerasan seksual terhadap anak, terutama di lingkungan sekolah perlu pemahaman dan pengertian dari seluruh tenaga pendidik, pegawai, dan siswa/siswi tentang pencegahan dan langkah hukum yang harus diambil dalam penanggulangan masalah kekerasan seksual. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, Tim Pendamping Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram akan melakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan dengan terjun ke sekolah Madrasah Aliyah yang ada di Praya Lombok Tengah untuk memberikan pendampingan penyusunan buku saku “Mengenal, Mencegah dan Langkah Hukum Penanggulangan Kekerasan Seksual di Lingkungan Madrasah Aliyah.” Adapun sekolah yang akan menjadi lokasi pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat adalah MA Darul Aminin NW Aikmual dan MA Nurul Haq. Penyuluhan hukum dilakukan dengan metode: (1) Focus Group Discussion (FGD), yaitu diskusi dengan semua peserta untuk menyamakan persepsi dan tujuan untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi kekerasan seksual di lingkungan sekolah; (2) Penyusunan Buku Saku bersama, yaitu dengan menyusun bersama nilai-nilai yang ingin diwujudkan dan langkah-langkah dalam untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi kekerasan seksual di lingkungan sekolah. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan penyuluhan terlaksana dengan baik, hal ini tampak dari: (1) Tingkat partisipasi khalayak sasaran dalam mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan; (2) Antusiasme peserta penyuluhan dalam mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan.
Advancing Democratic Engagement in Indonesia's Treaty Ratification Process: Memajukan Keterlibatan Demokratis dalam Proses Ratifikasi Perjanjian di Indonesia Hamdani, Fathul; Asmara, M. Galang; Zunnuraeni
Rechtsidee Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/jihr.v12i2.1007

Abstract

This study explores the application of the 'meaningful participation' principle in the formation of laws ratifying international agreements in Indonesia, with a focus on social, economic, and environmental sectors. The research adopts a normative legal methodology, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches to analyze relevant legislation, court decisions, and academic literature. The findings reveal a significant imbalance in public participation in the ratification process, primarily characterized by a top-down approach with minimal substantive dialogue with affected community groups. Despite constitutional provisions allowing the President to establish agreements without ratification, meaningful public participation in legislative and ratification processes remains limited. The study emphasizes the need for open public consultations, active involvement of non-governmental organizations, and private sector engagement to achieve policies that reflect the comprehensive interests and aspirations of the populace. It highlights the importance of community involvement, transparency, economic-environmental balance, and inclusive approaches in influencing meaningful participation levels. The research calls for recommendations to the Government and Parliament to foster more qualitative and significant public participation in the ratification process, aligning Indonesia with international principles of meaningful participation in social, economic, and environmental law. This approach is crucial for Indonesia, as the world's third-largest democracy, to promote meaningful public participation in policy-making, especially in ratifying international agreements impacting the broader society. Highlights: Imbalanced Participation: Dominance of a top-down approach with minimal public dialogue in treaty ratification. NGOs and Private Sector: Essential roles in representing diverse societal interests in legislative processes. Legal and Democratic Alignment: Need for transparent and inclusive law-making, balancing economic and environmental aspects. Keywords: Meaningful Participation, International Treaty Ratification, Public Involvement, Legislative Process, Indonesian Democracy
HAK KONSTITUSIONAL NARAPIDANA UNTUK MEMILIH PADA PILKADA SERENTAK Hartawan, Deni; Asmara, M. Galang; Zunnuraeni
Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika ISSN 2721-4796 (online) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Dan Pengambangan Mandalika Indonesia (IP2MI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/jcm.v4i3.2455

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan Negara hukum dengan sistem demokrasi yang dalam peralihan kekuasaan menggunakan sistem pemilihan secara langsung, baik Pemilu maupun Pilkada. Pelaksanaan Pilkada secara langsung memunculkan berbagai permasalahan, salah satunya adalah hak pilih narapidana yang ditahan di Rutan yang berada di luar daerah pemilihan. Ketersediaan lapas dan Bapas sesuai dengan Pasal 4 Undang-undang Nomer 12 tahun 1995 tentang Pemasyarakatan menyatakan bahwa Lapas dan Bapas didirikan di setiap kabupaten/kota, namun hingga saat ini 26 tahun sejak diundangkannya Undang-undang ini, pemerintah masih belum mampu mendirikan Lapas disetiap kabupaten/kota, sebagai contoh, di Kabupaten Seruyan, Murungraya, dan Pulang pisau, Kalimantan Tengah, hingga saat ini belum terdapat fasilitas Lapas. ketidak mampuan pemerintah mendirikan Lapas pada setiap kabupaten/kota berimplikasi juga pada urusan hak konstitusi warga binaan pada kabupaten/kota yang belum memiliki Lapas karena dititip pada Lapas kabupaten/kota terdekat. Karena hal tersebut maka dirasa perlu untuk mengkaji tentang bagaimana hak konstitusi narapidana yang ditahan di Rumah Pemasyarakatan (Rutan) yang berada diluar daerah pemilihan yang daerahnya belum memiliki Lapas untuk memilih pada pilkada serentak. Dimana kemudian tujuan dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis jaminan hak konstitusional Narapidana yang daerahnya belum memiliki Lapas untuk memilih pada pilkada serentak. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis Penelitian hukum normatif empiris, yang dilakukan dengan cara dengan cara mengumpulkan dan mengkaji bahan-bahan hukum kepustakaan. Kemudian menghasilkan bahwa dalam prakteknya KPU kabupaten tidak pernah membuat TPS di Lapas di luar Kabupatennya, sehingga jaminan hak konstitusional Narapidana yang daerahnya belum memiliki Lapas untuk memilih pada pilkada serentak belum bisa terpenuhi
Analisis Perjanjian Pengelolaan Wilayah Udara (Flight Information Region) Antara Indonesia dan Singapura Menurut Hukum Internasional Mithalina, Fatona Mithalina; Risnain, Muh.; Zunnuraeni
Mataram Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Mataram Journal of International Law
Publisher : Department of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/majil.v1i1.2579

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis 1) Apakah perjanjian FIR tahun 2022 antara Indonesia dan Singapura telah sesuai dengan hukum internasional, dan 2) Apakah perjanjian bilateral tahun 2022 yang disahkan melalui Perpres Nomor 109 Tahun 2022 telah sesuai dengan hukum nasional Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah perundang-undangan, historis, dan konseptual. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang diperoleh melalui telaah studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perjanjian Bilateral FIR antara Indonesia dan Singapura tahun 2022 tidak mereflesikan aturan yang sesuai dalam Konvensi Chicago 1944 dan Annex 11. Indonesia sebagai negara pemilik kedaulatan memiliki hak untuk menolak mendelegasikan pengelolaan FIR kepada Singapura. Selain itu, Peraturan Presiden Nomor 109 Tahun 2022 tidak sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 tentang Penerbangan . Undang-undang Nomor 1 tahun 2009 mengharuskan Indonesia mengambilalih FIR kepulauan Riau dan Natuna yang nyatanya masih dikelola sebagian besar oleh Singapura dalam jangka waktu 25 tahun mendatang. Dalam hal ini pendelegasian kewenangan kepada Singapura tersebut telah melanggar kedaulatan Indonesia yang bersifat penuh dan eksklusif. Aturan nasional Indonesia juga tidak memberikan kepastian hukum dalam penegakkan kedaulatan dan keamanan wilayah udara Kepulauan Riau dan Natuna. Hal ini ditandai dengan disahkannya Perpres Nomor 109 Tahun 2022 oleh Pemerintah yang harusnya menggunakan peraturan perundang-undangan sebagaimana yang telah ditentukan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2000. Oleh karena itu pemerintah Indonesia melalui Kementrian Perhubungan dan TNI AU mestinya mengkaji ulang perjanjian bilateral tahun 2022 dengan pemerintah Singapura. Masalah FIR kemudian dapat dijadikan bahan acuan bagi kalangan akademisi dan generasi mendatang untuk mempersiapkan diri menjadi orang yang profesional di bidangnya agar suatu hari dapat membela bangsa Indonesia dari segala bentuk masalah, termasuk problematika yang sedang kita hadapi saat ini mengenai ruang udara kepulauan Riau dan Natuna. Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Bilateral; Flight Information Region; Kepulauan Riau; dan Natuna. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze 1). Is the 2022 FIR agreement between Indonesia and Singapore following international law? 2). Is the 2022 bilateral agreement ratified through Presidential Decree Number 109 of 2022 following Indonesia national law? The research method used is normative legal research. The approach used is statutory, historical, and conceptual. The sources of legal materials used are primary, secondary, and tertiary data obtained through a literature study. The study results show that the Bilateral FIR Agreement between Indonesia and Singapore in 2022 does not reflect the rules in the 1944 Chicago Convention and Annex 11. Indonesia is a sovereign country and has the right to refuse to delegate the management of FIR to Singapore. In addition, Presidential Regulation Number 109 of 2022 is not following the mandate of Law Number 1 0f 2009 concerning Aviation. Law No.1 of 2009 requires Indonesia to take over the FIR of the Riau and Natuna islands. Singapore still managed the FIR of these regions in the next 25 years. Therefore, the delegation of authority to Singapore has violated the exclusive and full soveregnty of Indonesia. National regulations do not provide legal certainty in upholding the sovereignty and security of the airspace above the Riau islands and Natuna. The legal uncertainty is marked by the ratification of the FIR Agreement year 2022 using Presidential Regulation Number 109 of 2022, instead, it should be ratified by statutory regulations as stipulated in Law Number 24 of 2000. Therefore, the Indonesian government through the Ministry of Transportation and the Indonesian Air Force should review the bilateral agreement year 2022 with the Singapore government. The FIR issue can then be used as reference material for academics and future generations to prepare themselves to become profesionals in their fields so that one day they can defend the Indonesian nation from all kinds of problems, including the problems we are currently facing regarding the Riau and Natuna airspace. Keywords: Bilateral Agreement, Flight Information Region, Riau Islands and Natuna.
Perlindungan Terhadap Instalasi Nuklir Dalam Wilayah Konflik Bersenjata Internasional Berdasarkan Hukum Internasional Pambudi, Gregorius Bagus Ageng Pambudi; Zunnuraeni; Nugraha, Lalu Guna
Mataram Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Mataram Journal of International Law
Publisher : Department of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/majil.v1i1.2626

Abstract

Abstrak Tujuan penelian ini untuk menganalisis perlindungan instalasi nuklir yang memberi kontribusi efektif terhadap aksi militer dan implikasi hukum bagi negara yang melakukan serangan terhadap instalasi nuklir dalam konflik bersenjata. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis peneliatan normative. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa perlindungan instalasi nuklir yang digunakan untuk kepentingan militer tidak dapat diserang meskipun digunakan untuk kepentingan militer, namun jika instalasi nuklir digunakan untuk kepentingan militer dengan hanya memberi kontribusi bagi kepentingan militer secara tetap, langsung dan mengandung arti penting, maka fungsinya sebagai penunjang dapat diserang. Syarat pemberhentian perlindungan instalasi nuklir bertentangan dengan peraturan perlindungan istimewa instalasi nuklir karena dapat mengancam kehidupan warga sipil. Tindakan serangan terhadap instalasi nuklir yang digunakan untuk kepentingan militer merupakan tindakan bertentangan hukum, oleh karena itu negara harus bertanggung jawab atas tindakan tersebut. Abstract The purposes of this study were to analyze protection of nuclear installation which give effective contribution on military activity and legal implication to the state which attacked nuclear installation in the armed conflict territory. This research applied normative legal research. Based on result’s study, it can be known that protection on nuclear installation which used for military activity shall not be military object, even though it used for military purposes. However, if it used for military purposes by giving regular essential contribution, direct, and has an important meaning, thus its function as support of war can be attacked. Requirements for protection termination violated the provisions on special protection of nuclear installation because it may cause harm for civilian. Attacks towards nuclear installation which used for military activity is an act against the law, thus the attacking state has to be responsible on that action.
THE AUTHORITY OF THE COUNCIL OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA (DPR RI) IN RATING INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS POST THE RULING OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT (MK) NUMBER 13/PUU-16/2018 Bah Jatun Nadrati; Risnain, Muh; Zunnuraeni
Mataram Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Mataram Journal of International Law
Publisher : Department of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/majil.v2i1.3862

Abstract

This research aims to find out and understand the meaning of the DPR RI's authority to ratify international agreements based on Constitutional Court Decision No. 13/PUU-16/2018 and to understand and analyze the direction of regulating the authority of the DPR RI in ratifying international agreements after Constitutional Court Decision No. 13/PUU-16/2018. This research method uses a type of normative legal research. The meaning of the DPR RI's authority to ratify international agreements based on Constitutional Court Decision No. 13/PUU-16/2018 expands the definition of DPR approval, which is not limited to the provisions of Article 10 of Law no. 24 of 2000 concerning international agreements, but in all international agreements which have the nature of having broad and fundamental consequences for people's lives related to the financial burden on the state, and requiring changes or formation of laws. The Constitutional Court's decision pertaining to the DPR's authority in ratifying international agreements, the Constitutional Court expanded the meaning of Article 10 by cancelling the Article and returning to the norms contained in article 11 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the Constitutional Court interpreted it extensively. The direction of regulating the authority of the DPR RI in ratifying international agreements after the Constitutional Court decision no. 13/PUU-16/2018 is by changing or replacing the existing norms in article 10 of Law No. 24 of 2000 concerning International Agreements by regulating the substance of international agreements as intended in article 11 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and following the pattern of article 84 of Law no. 7 of 2014.
APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF COMMON BUT DIFFERENTIATED RESPONSIBILITIES IN FULFILLING STATE OBLIGATIONS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE UNDER THE PARIS AGREEMENT ON THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE Ida Ayu Dampaty Anja Anjani; Zunnuraeni; Guna Nugraha, Lalu
Mataram Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Mataram Journal of International Law
Publisher : Department of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/majil.v2i1.3989

Abstract

Climate change is now an international issue as it affects nations around the world. The Paris Agreement 2015 was established as a form of countries' efforts to reduce climate change. This research aims to find out the application of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities in the Paris Agreement and its implementation in Indonesian law as a developing country. The research method used is the normative research method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The research results determined that the application of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities in the Paris Agreement is based on a bottom-up approach. The approach gives the authority to determine targets for each country through the formation of nationally determined contributions containing action plans that will be implemented by a country within the next five years to realize the goals of the Paris Agreement. In its implementation in Indonesian national law, the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities is applied through the NDC which is then realized in several regulations governing capacity building, economic growth, and adaptation and mitigation.
THE LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF A PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANY (PMC) IN AN INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT UNDER HUMANITARIAN LAW Lalu Nahudatu Akbariman; Zunnuraeni; Guna Nugraha, Lalu
Mataram Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Mataram Journal of International Law
Publisher : Department of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/majil.v2i1.4147

Abstract

The existence of Private Military Company (PMC) in most contemporary armed conflicts as a non-participant has raised the legal question regarding the status and legal standing of PMC. This research aims to analyze the legal position and determine the legal responsibility of PMC in international armed conflicts according to Humanitarian Law. The research employed a normative legal research method, utilizing international treaties, national legislation, and international customary law as the basis. The findings reveal that, under international law, the PMC is not a party legally authorized to engage in armed conflicts. The legal responsibility of the PMC for crimes in violation of international humanitarian law and human rights can be attributed to both civil responsibility and criminal responsibility for war crimes, based on the principle of corporate criminal responsibility. However, the non-recognition of PMC as subjects of international law means that PMCs cannot be held criminally liable under international law. Therefore, the existence of humanitarian law in the national legal system paves the way for the criminal prosecution of PMC as a company.
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN THE EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN INTERNATIONAL SEABED AREAS UNDER THE BIODIVERSITY BEYOND NATIONAL JURISDICTION AGREEMENT Ihdal Umam; Risnain, Muh; Zunnuraeni
Mataram Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Mataram Journal of International Law
Publisher : Department of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/majil.v2i1.4169

Abstract

This research aims to analyze and understand the conservation of biodiversity in international seabed areas based on BBNJ, and to analyze the urgency of the State of Indonesia to ratify the BBNJ Agreement. The research method used is normative legal research. The results show that conservation in the context of the BBNJ (Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction) Agreement includes protection and conservation of natural resources and management. Protection and conservation are regulated through the establishment of area-based management instruments and the requirement of environmental impact assessments for activities on the high seas and the international seabed. Meanwhile, conservation within management is addressed through equitable benefit sharing, technology transfer and capacity building. Therefore, the ratification of the BBNJ Agreement is very important for Indonesia because Indonesia's geographical situation as an archipelago with a large marine area requires effective protection of marine biodiversity, most of which is beyond national jurisdiction. Ratification of the BBNJ Agreement will strengthen national capacity in marine technology, provide better access to marine genetic resources, and strengthen Indonesia's commitment to sustainable ocean management and contribute positively to global ocean governance.
KOMERSIALISASI RUANG ANGKASA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM NASIONAL INDONESIA: pengaturan komersialisasi ruang angkasa serta sumber daya alamnya berdasarkan outer space treaty 1967 dan permasalahan komersialisasi ruang angkasa dalam hukum nasional indonesia Amy rizki nurae aini, Amy rizki nurae aini; Zunnuraeni; Pitaloka, Diva
Mataram Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Mataram Journal of International Law
Publisher : Department of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/majil.v2i1.4198

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan mengenai komersialisasi ruang angkasa yang diatur dalam Outer Space Treaty 1967 sebagai landasan hukum penggunaan ruang angkasa dan pembaharuan hukum nasional Indonesia dalam menghadapi komersialisasi ruang angkasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pelitian normatif, yaitu dengan cara melakukan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan teoritis. Peraturan mengenai komersialisasi ruang angkasa diatur dalam Outer Space Treaty 1967 dan The Moon Agreement 1972 yang mengatur mengenai segala bentuk aktivitas penggunaan ruang angkasa termasuk kegiatan komersialisasi dan dalam hukum Nasional Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2013 Tentang Keantariksaan dan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 45 Tahun 2017 Tentang Rencana Induk Penyelenggaraan Keantariksaan yang ditargetkan dalam waktu 25 tahun dimulai sejak tahun 2016 sampai dengan tahun 2040.
Co-Authors Adhitya Nini Rizki Apriliana Amy rizki nurae aini, Amy rizki nurae aini Anis Oktavia Asmara, M. Galang Ayu Riska Amalia Bah Jatun Nadrati Fajriyah Almusyarofah, Syayidatina Guna Nugraha, Lalu Hamdani, Fathul Hartawan, Deni Ida Ayu Dampaty Anja Anjani Ihdal Umam Intan Asma Whanifa Khotimah, Amalia Nurul Lalu Nahudatu Akbariman Mithalina, Fatona Mithalina Muh. Risnain Muh. Risnain Muhtar, Abdul Kadir Zaylani Nugraha, Lalu Guna Pambudi, Gregorius Bagus Ageng Pambudi Pitaloka, Diva Ulfiii, Ulfiana Baqiatul Umar Saputra Widodo Dwi Putro Zalia Muspita