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Journal : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

ANALISIS KUALITAS KOMPOS DARI CAMPURAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN KOTORAN AYAM MENGGUNAKAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DAN EM-4 Suherman, Irawati; Awaluddin, Amir; ', Itnawita
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

Empty fruit bunches (EFB) are  solid wastes  produced in large quantity from palm oil industry. Thus, the wastes could cause serious problem to environment. The application of EFB as main component for composting process along with chicken dung is desirable. This research used the EFB combined with chicken dung, POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) and EM-4 in order to accelerate the composting process. Control’s sample was made using POME as an activator without EM-4. Quality of compost was determined according to its pH, water content and C/N ratio  at each 5 days for  30 days composting period.  The water content from the samples were determined using gravimetric method while total of N  were determined using Kjehdal method. The result showed that co-composting of EFB and chicken dung    using POME and EM-4 as the activators didn’t have significance difference  on the control’s sample with the value of P>0,05. Meanwhile, the value of pH, water and C/N ratio of composting products were respectively 7, 40-50% and 17-19 after 30 days composting period
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI REAKTAN TERHADAP KONVERSI LIMBAH PELEPAH SAWIT MENJADI ASAM LEVULINAT DENGAN METODE HIDROLISIS MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ASAM SULFAT Arif Kurnia; Amir Awaluddin; Edy Saputra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

Palm frond could be hydrolyzed to levulinic acid using acid catalyst. In this study,kinetics data and optimum condition of palm frond conversion to levulinic acid wasinvestigated. The conversion was conducted in ampoule as reactor (length of 150 mm,I.D. of 4 mm and O.D. of 7 mm) over the following range of condition: palm frondconcentrations of 1-5 wt% (1-5 g/100 mL), temperature of 190 o C, sulfuric acidconcentrations of 1 M, and residence times of 0-240 min. The maximum LA yield isapproximately 9,38% (based on biomass weight) and 31,28% (based on celluloseweight) was achieved for an initial palm frond concentration of 1 wt% (w/v), acidconcentration of 1 M, temperature of 190 o C, and residence time of 60 min. The resultshowed that the concentration and yield of levulinic acid was affected by palm frondconcentration, but didn’t affect reaction rate.
ANALISIS KUALITAS KOMPOS DARI CAMPURAN PAKIS-PAKISAN DAN KOTORAN AYAM MENGGUNAKANLIMBAH CAIR PABRIK MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DAN EM-4 SEBAGAI AKTIVATOR M. Zulfikri; Amir Awaluddin; Itnawita '
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

Ferns weed is a plant that is widely available in the oil palm plantation that grows as a parasite on the trunks of palm oil and will result in decreased quality of fresh fruit bunches, These ferns can be used as compost material because it contains enough nutrients.The composting process is done by adding chicken manure and effective microorganism (EM-4) as well as liquid waste palm oil mill (LCPMKS) as an activator.Analysis of compost quality is determined by the parameters water content, pH and C/N ratio for 30 days and analyzed every 5 days composting time.The results showed that the addition of EM-4 activator on kompostidak mixture gives a real difference to the control sample on the value of C / N ratio with a P value> 0.05The compost produced memliliki pH value, water content and C/N ratio, respectively for 8, 40-52% dan17-19 after 30 days of composting time.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PADAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN TANAMAN PAKIS-PAKISAN UNTUK PRODUKSI KOMPOS MENGGUNAKAN AKTIVATOR EM-4 Rudi Rahmadi; Amir Awaluddin; Itnawita '
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

The composting process using  oil palm solid wastes (EFB),  palm oil mill effluent (POME), fern tree using effective microorganism 4 (EM 4) has been  conducted and this would facilitate  reduction of  the wastes from palm oil industry. The aim of this research was to find the best formulation using oil palm wastes, ferns, and EM 4 in producing a composted  material. The quality of compost was determined according toits pH, water content and C/N ratio at each 5 days for 30 days composting period. The water content of sample was determined using Gravimetri methode, while total-N was analyzed by Kjeldahl methode. The result indicated  that  co-composting of EFB andferns  using POME and EM-4 as the activators didn’t have  significance difference compared with that of  the composting products with the value of P>0,05. The value of pH, water and C/N ratio of composting products were respectively 7-8, 40-60% and 1314, following 30 days composting period.
STUDI PRODUKSI ASAM LEVULINAT DARI PATI UBI GAJAH (Manihot esculenta) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ASAM SULFAT Wisnu Aditya; Amir Awaluddin; Saryono '
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

The utilization  of  Manihot esculenta  to produce  platform chemical such as    levulinic acid  (LA)    has  been  studied    in  detail to  optimize    the  LA  production. The  LA production from  Manihot esculenta  was  monitored  using    reaction times  of  the hidrolysis reaction (3-85 min.),    the reaction temperatures  (150˚C, 170˚C,  and 190˚C), and  concentrations  of sulfuric acid as the catalyst  (1%,  3%,  and 5%).  The  products obtained  were  then  characterized using  high performance  liquid  chromatography (HPLC)    to determine the contents of gl ucose,  hydroxymethylfurfural  (HMF)    and LA. The result showed that  the LA production increased with  the  rise    of temperature  and catalyst concentration, whereas the    glucose and HMF  production decreased with    the rise  of temperature and catalyst concentration. The highest  production    of LA reached approximately 50% (based  on initial concentration of biomass) at reaction temperature of 170˚C and 5% of sulfuric acid concentration for 70 minutes of reaction time.
PREPARASI MANGAN OKSIDA HASIL PERTUKARAN KATION Mg 2+ DENGAN K-BIRNESSITE YANG DISINTESIS MENGGUNAKAN REDUKTOR MALTOSA Anna Ridha Utami; Amir Awaluddin; Pepi Helza Yanti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

Todorokite is a naturally occurring manganese oxides having tunnelled structure (3x3) with pore size of 6,9 Å. This type of manganese oxide could be synthesized from birnessite precursor by reflux method. The exchangeable cation K + in interlayer of birnessite can be replaced with Mg 2+ ions to produce a Mg-birnessite, which then could be converted into todorokite through calcination. The products were then characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) to determine their phases, crystallinity and purity. Data from Absorption Atomic Spectroscopy (AAS) indicated that the 70,63% replacement of K + with Mg 2+ was achieved within contact time of 14 h. Analysis for todorokite have been done with different contact time of 18, 20 and 24 hours. The results of XRD showed that the main phases were birnessite with todorokite as minor product that was obtained at reaction time of 20 hours.
KORELASI GEOKIMIA MOLEKULER MINYAK BUMI PETAPAHAN-KAMPAR DENGAN SUMUR MINYAK BUMI LANGGAK, PENDALIAN ROKAN HULU, RIAU Rita Marlina; Emrizal Mahidin Tamboesai; Amir Awaluddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

To date, crude oil  has been  the main energy resources  for  industry, transportation and household needs. The demand for crude oil in Indonesia is much higher than its production which leads to current energy crisis. One of solutions for this crisis is to conduct correlation study, which determines the genetic relationship at each oil well. The correlation study of crude oil  in Petapahan Kampar with Langgak and Pendalian Rokan Hulu has not been conducted previously. This study could assist to provide the indication of the genetic relationship, deposition zone, souce rock and the origins of Petapahan, Langgak and Pendalian’s crude oil. The crude oil samples taken  from oil wells was firstimmediately refrigerated before conducting geochemistry analysis. The samples were then fractionated by column to separate saturated fraction. This fraction was analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC). On the basis of the abudance of hydrocarbon aliphatic, the crude oils samples  have small ratio value, which  are  0,44-0,55 for Pr/n-C17 and 0,20-0,26 Ph/n-C18. This values indicated that the samples were originated from higher vascular plants (terrestrial). The samples derived from lacustrine environments (lake) have ratio value of Pr/Ph (2,14-2,39). The calculation from Star diagram have showed that the samples of production oil field in Petapahan 19, Petapahan  23, Langgak 016  are positively correlated , whereas the oil samples in area 03  are negatively correlated. The positive correlation indicated that the samples have the genetic relationship at each oil, a same  source matter, and same the original.
PREPARASI MANGAN OKSIDA HASIL PERTUKARAN KATION Mg 2+ DENGAN K-BIRNESSITE YANG DISINTESIS MENGGUNAKAN REDUKTOR GLUKOSA Afra Juwita; Amir Awaluddin; Akmal Muchtar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

Todorokite is a family of tunneled manganese oxide with 3x3 tunnel framework. It could beprepared through a precursor Mg-birnessite by reflux method. In this study, K-birnessite was prepared by ceramic routes using glucose as reducing agent. K-birnessite was then ion-exchanged with Mg 2+ to form Mg-birnessite. The typical reaction conditions for ion-exchanged K + with Mg 2+ were as follows: contact times of 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 hours with 16 hours for the optimum replacement ion K + with ion Mg 2+ . The total replacement of ion K + by ion Mg 2+ was 94,32%. Data from the X-ray diffraction pattern showed the formation of todorokite at 2Ө = 9,02o with d-spacing 9,79Å, but the peak for K-birnessite also appeared at an angle 2Ө = 12,57o with d-spacing 7,03Å. Thermal analysis of Mg-birnessite was observed by TG-DTA curve that showed the weight loss of Mg-birnessite about 20%. DTA curve also showed endotermic peak at 900oC, which indicated the transformation phase from layered to tunneled structure.
ANALISIS SIFAT-SIFAT PERMUKAAN BIRNESSITEYANG DIPREPARASI DARI DUA AGEN PEREDUKSI BERBEDA Hartini Azhar; Amir Awaluddin; Akmal Muchtar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

The layered manganese oxides having birnessite structure have been successfully synthesized using the two different types of reducing agents by solid-state ceramic method.  The reducing agent used  in  this  study was  oxalic acid and glucose.  Birnessite synthesized has been characterized using XRD, SEM and methylene blue adsorption. The XRD results indicated that the two types of reducing  agents produced mainly birnessite phases with different crystallinity .Birnessites  synthesized from two reducing agents have different surface properties as indicated from data of SEM and methylene blue adsorption.
STUDI XRD MANGAN OKSIDA BIRNESSITE YANG DIPREPARASI MELALUI METODE SOL-GEL DAN KERAMIK Dian Anggraini; Amir Awaluddin; Pepi Helza Yanti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

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Abstract

Birnessite  is a naturally occurring layered manganese oxide found as a manganese nodules  in sea floor or    soil deposit. In this study, birnessite was synthesized  using two types of methods, solid state ceramic  approach and sol-gel reaction both KMnO4 and maltose were used as reactants in these two methods.  The products were then characterized using XRD for determination of phases, crystallinity and purity. The results showed  the both techniques lead to  the  formation of birnessite with different crystallinity and purity. The ceramic method produced  more crystalline and pure birnessite than that of sol-gel.  The typical reaction parameters for the synthesis birnessite by the ceramic method were 3:1 mole ratio (KMnO4over maltose) calcination at  700o C for 7 hours with  the  93,7%  purity  of  birnessite. However,  by  the sol-gel  method birnessite  produced only  31,8%  with the following condition  4:1 mole  ratio (KMnO4 over maltose) and calcination temperature of 450o C for 2 hours.