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All Journal Teknosains: Media Informasi Sains dan Teknologi Al-Kimia Chimica et Natura Acta Automotive Experiences Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
Maswati Baharuddin
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics

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Effectiveness of HNO3 and NaOH Pretreatment on Lignin Degradation in Areca Leaf Sheath Fibre (Areca catechu L.) for Bioethanol Production Wahyuti, Wahyuti; Karim, Abdul; Arfah, Rugaiyah Andi; Zakir, Muhammad; Maming, Maming; Baharuddin, Maswati
Automotive Experiences Vol 8 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Automotive Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang in collaboration with Association of Indonesian Vocational Educators (AIVE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.13089

Abstract

Areca leaf sheaths are underutilized waste but have a high cellulose content of 72.27%, so they can be utilized for bioethanol production. This research aims to utilize areca leaf waste for bioethanol production through acid (HNO3 5%) and alkaline (NaOH 10%) pretreatment processes, enzyme hydrolysis, and fermentation. Pretreatment using 5% HNO3 and 10% NaOH solutions is carried out because it can break down the lignin bond and release it from cellulose and hemicellulose fibers. The enzymatic hydrolysis process uses cellulase enzymes at 37 °C for 48 hours to produce glucose. Glucose content analysis uses the DNS method and UV-Vis spectrophotometry instruments because it is accurate and can detect glucose in low concentrations. The fermentation process is carried out using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a fermentation microorganism because it has high efficiency in bioethanol production for a duration of 3, 5, and 7 days. Based on the results of the analysis, pretreatment with HNO3 5% solution reduced the level of lignin in areca leaf sheaths by 2.31%. Meanwhile, pretreatment using a 10% NaOH solution lowered lignin levels to 1.81%. Reduced sugar levels after hydrolysis after pretreatment with HNO3 5% and NaOH 10% were 25.08 mg/mL and 16.37 mg/mL, respectively. The highest concentration of bioethanol in the 5% HNO3 pretreatment was achieved on the 7th day at 16.75%, while that of 10% NaOH on the 5th day was 14.75%. This difference is influenced by the availability of fermentable sugars, where HNO3 substrates take longer to decompose by S. cerevisiae than NaOH substrates. Based on the analysis, the bioethanol contains ethanol, thus the areca leaf sheath fibre feedstock has the potential to assist in the advancement of a sustainable biorefinery process that can reduce dependence on fossil fuels and increase added value.
Co-Authors Abd. Rauf Patong Abdul Karim Abeng, Tendri Ahyar Ahmad Ahyar Ahmad Aisyah Aisyah Al Maratun Sholihati Andi Nur Fitriani Abubakar Arfah, Rugaiyah Arfah, Rugaiyah Andi Arfiani Nur Asriani Ilyas Febryanti, Amalyah Firnanelty, Firnanelty Fitriana Fitriana Fitriyani, Jeni Hasnah Natsir Ismawanti Ismawanti Karisma, Karisma Kurniati, Nunung Maming Maming Muhammad Zakir Musyarrifah Musyarrifah Nurdia Asdar Nursiah La Nafie Rina Dwismar Riskawati Riskawati, Riskawati Santi Santi Sappewali Sappewali Sappewali, Sappewali Seniwati Dali Sitti Chadijah St Chadijah Sufriyana Ali Syamsidar HS Ummi Zahra, Ummi Uto, Sahriani Wahyu Rizandi Wahyuti, Wahyuti Yunita, Vivi Alfi Yusril Yusril