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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan International Journal of Recent Technology and Applied Science (IJORTAS) Jurnal Ilmiah STOK Bina Guna Medan Wood Research Journal : Journal of Indonesian Wood Research Society Wood Research Journal : Journal of Indonesian Wood Research Society Jurnal Sylva Lestari Makara Journal of Technology Prosiding University Research Colloquium Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
I Wayan Darmawan
Departemen Ilmu Dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan Dan Lingkungan, IPB University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Mikrostruktur dan Karakteristik Permukaan Kayu Pinus Scots (Pinus sylvestris L.) Termodifikasi Gliserol dan Asam Sitrat Gabriel Tobing; Nurul Sofiaturizkiyah; Efrida Basri; Resa Martha; Istie Rahayu; Philippe Gérardin; Wayan Darmawan
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 29 No. 4 (2024): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.29.4.554

Abstract

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood is one of the most popular timber export products. However, its low durability can reduce the potential and utilization of the wood. Chemical modification is one of the solutions to overcome this drawback. Chemical modification using non-biocide materials such as glycerol and citric acid was carried out to improve the inferior properties of wood. The study aimed to observe the microstructure and evaluate the surface characteristics of glycerol and citric acid-modified scots pine wood. Scots pine wood was modified using glycerol and citric acid with weight percent gain (WPG) values of 20% and 46%. Surface characteristics were measured, including surface roughness, surface free energy (SFE), wettability, and bonding quality. The results show that chemical modification using glycerol and citric acid resulted in the structure of the pine wood being more filled and denser. The modification could also reduce the roughness of the wood surface, resulting in decreased SFE value, increased contact angle, and decreased wettability on the wood surface. It might cause a decrease in the bonding quality because the wood did not have the strength to mechanically lock with the paint. Glycerol and citric acid modified-scots pine wood can be considered for exterior application. Keywords: citric acid, glycerol, microstructure, scots pine, surface characteristics
Radial Variations in Surface Characteristics of Pine Wood (Pinus merkusii) Modified with Glycerin–Citric Acid Achmat Syafi'i; Mohammad Rafli Ariyansyah; Dhiyar Luthfan Hamidi; Sartika Sartika; Alia Pratiwi; Ahmad Rabbani Abdussalam; Irsan Alipraja; Wayan Darmawan; Philippe Geradin
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 31 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.31.2.375

Abstract

Pine wood (Pinus merkusii) is a native Indonesian softwood species with high commercial value but low natural durability (class IV), limiting its use in outdoor applications. This study modified the pine wood using a 20% glycerin–citric acid solution (1:2 ratio) through impregnation with 7 bar pressure for 48 hours, followed by heat treatment at 150°C for 6 hours, to evaluate surface characteristics in radial variations (from pith to bark). Retention (57.93–85.59 kg/m³) and weight percent gain (WPG, 4.02–7.20%) decreased from pith to bark, corresponding to lower wood density near the pith (0.55 g/cm³) compared to near the bark (0.67 g/cm³). Surface roughness (Ra) varied slightly from fit to bark, however its Ra increased after modification. Surface free energy (SFE) increased significantly from 16.87 near the pith to – 27.35 mJ/m² near the bark. After modification the SFE values varied between 37.16–44.46 mJ/m² from fit to bark. Wettability (K-value) was lower near the pith (0.002) than near the bark (0.007). Glycerin–citric acid modified pine exhibited also a lower wettability values compared to the untreated wood. The surface characteristics of the modified pine wood from fit to bark indicate that its surfaces should be coated by proper varnishes or paints for further development.Keywords: citric acid, glycerin, modification, radial variation, surface characteristics
Demarcation area between juvenile and mature wood in Elaeocarpus angustifolius Istie Rahayu; Gilang Laksono; Wayan Darmawan; Akhirudin Maddu; Esti Prihatini
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220517

Abstract

Abstract. Rahayu I, Laksono GD, Darmawan W, Maddu A, Prihatini E. 2021. Demarcation area between juvenile and mature wood in Elaeocarpus angustifolius. Biodiversitas 22: 2583-2590. Wood for use in building and industrial materials is generally supplied from plantations and natural forests. Timber demand has been increasing as the population grows, but the availability of timber from natural forests is declining. Therefore, to meet timber needs, wood from community forests is becoming a solution. Community forests are widely planted with fast-growing trees, such as Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume. It offers the advantages of a short cutting cycle and large-diameter wood. This study aimed to determine the demarcation area between juvenile and mature wood on 6-year-old E. angustifolius based on anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties. The parameters used to determine the demarcation area included the following properties: anatomical (fiber length, cell wall thickness, and microfibril angle [MFA]), physical (moisture content and green density), and mechanical (modulus of elasticity [MOE], modulus of rupture [MOR], and hardness). Those parameters were measured from pith to bark. Data analyses were based on segmented linear regression models using PROC NLIN in SAS. Fiber length, cell wall thickness, green density, MOE, MOR, and hardness values increased from pith to bark. Results from the segmented linear regression models on anatomical properties allowed extrapolating that mature wood would begin at the 18 cm (based on fiber length), the 20 cm (based on cell wall thickness), and the 21 cm (based on MFA) distance from the pith. the proportion of juvenile wood in E. angustifolius was 100%. Fiber length, cell wall thickness, and MFA can be used to determine the transition point of juvenile wood and mature wood in E. angustifolius.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abigael Kabe Achmat Syafi'i Adi Santoso ADI SANTOSO Adi Santoso Ahmad Rabbani Abdussalam Akhirudin Maddu Alfira Ramadhani Putri Alia Pratiwi Andi T. Lestari Anggun Thevianni Bambang Hermansah Bayu Iswana Dede Hermawan Deded Sarip Nawawi Devi Armilasari Dhiyar Luthfan Hamidi Dodi Nandika Dumasari Dumasari, Dumasari Dumasari, D Efrida Basri Esti Prihatini Fauzan Fahrussiam Gabriel Tobing Gilang Laksono Hiroshi Usuki I Kentut Pandit I.M. Sulastiningsih Ignasia Maria Sulastiningsih Imam Santosa Imam Wahyudi Indrawan, Imam Wahyudi Irsan ALIPRAJA Ismail, Rohmat Istie Rahayu Itan Iskova PURBA Jamaludin Malik Jamaludin Malik Khairunissa, Dhiya Khairunnisa Iskandar Putri Laksono, Gilang Dwi Lastiur Eva Panggabean Lina Karlinasari Lusita WARDANI Lusita WARDANI Lya Rochmawati Masahiro Yoshinobu Mohammad Rafli Ariyansyah Muh. Yusram Massijaya Muh. Yusram Massijaya Muh. Yusram Massijaya Muh. Yusram Massijaya Muhamad Yusram Massijaya Muhammad Y Massijaya Naoki Okano Naresworo Nugroho Nur Alam Nurul Sofiaturizkiyah Philippe Geradin Philippe Gérardin Prihatini, Esti Remy Marchal Resa Martha Rita Kartika Sari Rumanintya Lisaria Putri Sabarna, Aqila Alya Nabila Sarah Augustina Sarah Augustina Sartika Sartika Shuhou Koseki Silmi Mariya Sulistyani Budiningsih Surdiding Ruhendi Surdiding RUHENDI Surdiding Ruhendi Surdiding Ruhendi Taiyo Okada Ulfa Adzkia Wahyuningtyas, Irma Widyana LUZA Yoichi Kojima Yusuf Sudo Hadi Yusup Amin