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All Journal Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis VALENSI Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Agrointek Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Majalah Obat Tradisional Warta IHP (Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian) Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology ANNALES BOGORIENSES Indonesian Food Science and TechnologyJournal Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Policy Brief Pertanian, Kelautan, dan Biosains Tropika Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Puspo Edi Giriwono
Departemen Ilmu Dan Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Jl. Lingkar Akademik, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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SENYAWA BIOAKTIF TORBANGUN (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) SPRENG) FRAKSI KLOROFORM INDUKSI APOPTOSIS PADA KANKER PAYUDARA (SEL MCF-7) IN VITRO Wahid Yulianto; Nuri Andarwulan; Puspo Edi Giriwono; Joko Pamungkas
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 22, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (355.642 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/tradmedj.24312

Abstract

Torbangun (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng) is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in tropical countries to cure various illnesses. The objective of this study was to identify the active compounds in the chloroform fraction which have effect on the apoptosis-related genes expression of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Apoptosis was observed morphologically using Hoechst nuclear staining. Expression of the genes was analyzed using Real-Time PCR. Chemical compounds of the plant fractions were determined using LC-MS. Result of cell morphology observation clearly indicated apoptosis after the treatment of the plant fraction. Increased expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 could not prevent the cells from apoptosis. Expressions of p53 and p21 genes were increased significantly. The expressions of caspase 9, caspase 7 and caspase 1 were increased at concentration-dependent manner. Most of the compounds in the chloroform fraction are identified as diterpenoids which may contribute to the apoptosis inducing activity of the fraction.
Sensitivitas Ekstrak Protein Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) sebagai Larutan Uji Tusuk Kulit Sri Yadial Chalid; Fransiska R. Zakaria; Dahrul Syah; Puspo Edi Giriwono
Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian Vol 37, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Besar Industri Agro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32765/wartaihp.v37i2.6195

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Kacang tanah merupakan jenis kacang-kacangan penyebab utama alergi makanan baik pada anak-anak atapun orang dewasa dan kasus alergi kacang tanah tiap tahun terus meningkat. Tidak mengkonsumsi semua makanan pencetus alergi merupakan cara terbaik untuk pengobatan alergi. Tidak mengkonsumsi makanan tertentu harus berdasarkan uji alergi seperti Uji Tusuk Kulit (UTK). Larutan untuk UTK adalah ekstrak protein dalam bentuk larutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggunakan ekstrak protein kacang tanah yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia sebagai larutan untuk UTK, menentukan sensitivitas dan spesifitas ekstrak protein kacang tanah. Protein kacang tanah diekstrak pada titik isoelektrik, dikarakterisasi dengan SDS-PAGE dan immunoblotting. Formulasi larutan UTK mengacu pada European Pharmacopoeia Monograph on Allergen Products 7 (2010:1063). Sebanyak sepuluh orang yang menyatakan diri alergi makanan dan sembilan orang tidak alergi dijadikan subjek lalu dikonfirmasi dengan cara mencukitkan ekstrak protein kacang tanah pada kulit tangan bagian bawah. Serum subjek dikumpulkan untuk pengujian IgE total, IgE spesifik, immunoblotting, sensitivitas dan spesifitas ekstrak. Sensitivitas ekstrak protein kacang tanah didapatkan sebesar 90,9% dengan kesalahan negatif sebesar 9,1% dan spesifitas sebesar 100%.  Larutan UTK mengandung protein alergen dengan kisaran berat molekul 10 sampai 49 kDa. Ekstrak protein kacang tanah yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi larutan untuk uji tusuk kulit.Kata kunci: alergi, immunoblotting, kacang tanah, sensitivitasABSTRACT: Peanuts are the main cause of allergies in children and adults. Annually, people with peanut allergies continues to rise. The best way to prevent allergies is avoiding foods that cause allergies, not consuming certain foods should be enforced based on allergy testing such as SPT (skin prick test). The solution for the skin prick test is a protein extract in solution form. The study aims to use the peanut protein extract cultivated in Indonesia as a solution for skin prick testing, to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the peanut protein extract. The peanut protein was extracted at the isoelectric point, characterized by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. The formulation of SPT reagent refers to the European Pharmacopoeia Monograph on Allergen Products 7 (2010: 1063). Ten people who stated that they were allergic to food and nine people who were not allergic were subjected to it and confirmed by pinching the peanut protein extract on the skin of the lower hand. Serum of the subjects was collected for test of total IgE, specific IgE, and immunoblotting, sensitivity and specificity of reagent for SPT. The sensitivity of peanut protein extract in this study was 90.9% with a negative error of 9.1% and specificity of 100%. SPT results showed that all subjects who tested positive and immunoblotting test is also positive that bind peanut protein with a molecular weight 10-49 kDa. The peanut protein extract cultivated in Indonesia has the potential to be developed into a solution for skin prick testing.Keywords:  allergies, immunoblotting, peanuts, sensitivity
KOMPONEN BIOAKTIF KOPI BERPOTENSI SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES / The Potency of Bioactive Compounds of Coffee as Antidiabetis Elsera Br Tarigan; Dian Herawati; Puspo Edi Giriwono
Perspektif Vol 19, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v19n1.2020.41-52

Abstract

Recently, the popularity of coffee is gaining popularity. The researcher found that the benefit of coffee was not refreshing only but also improved the quality of health. These effectsexistdue to the natural bioactive compounds found in the coffee. The bioactive compounds of coffee have activity as an antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-microbe, and recently as antidiabetic. The major compounds found in coffee were chlorogenic acid, trigonelline, diterpene, and Maillard reaction product (exp.melanoidin). The objective of this study was to explore the bioactive compounds of coffee and the potency antidiabetic, conducted by in-vitro, in-vivo, clinically, and epidemiology intergrately. The in-vitro analysis shown thatcoffee had activity asan inhibitor a-glucosidase, the compounds were chlorogenic acids. In the in-vivo study,coffee brewwas able to reduce blood glucose concentration of a rat model of type-2 diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity. Caffeine and chlorogenic acids probably had an antagonist effect on glucose response. At the early stage of a clinical study, blood glucose concentration tend too increasedacutely and gradually reduces along with insulin sensitivity higher. A chlorogenic acid had a potency to decrease blood glucose concentration byseveral mechanisms such as -glucosidase inhibitory and raise insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, epidemiology studied shown that the efficacy of coffee consumption in the long-termwas able to reduce the risk of diabetes type 2. The effectiveness of coffee as antidiabetic depends on some factors such as gender and variation of coffee such asvariety, brewing technique, and frequency consumption of coffee.ABSTRAK Konsumen kopi saat ini makin meningkat, kepopulerannya ditandai dengan industri hilir kopi yang merebak di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Konsumsi kopi selain memberikan efek menyegarkan juga memiliki manfaat dalam meningkatkan taraf  kesehatan konsumennya. Komponen bioaktif pada kopi memiliki aktivitas seperti antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antimikroba dan antidiabetes. Kandungan biokatif kopi yang berperan dalam aktivitas tersebut adalah asam klorogenat, trigonelin, diterpen dan produk reaksi Maillard (cth.melanoidin). Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah menggali senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat pada kopi dan potensinya sebagai antidiabetes secara terpadu baik secara in-vitro, in-vivo, klinis dan epidemiologi. Berdasarkan penelitian secarain–vitrobahwa komponen bioaktif kopi yang berperan dalam menghambat aktivitas a-glukosidase adalah asam klorogenat. Secara in-vivobahwa seduhan kopi yang dikonsumsi oleh tikus penderita diabetes menghasilkan kadar glukosa darah yang menurun karena peningkatan sensitivitas insulin. Efek kafein kemungkinanberlawanan dengan asam klorogenat terhadap glukosa darah. Pada awal pengujian secara klinis kadar glukosa darah akan meningkat secara akut dan kemudian menurun seiring meningkatnya efek asam klorogenat. Asam klorogenat akan berperan dalam menghambat transportasi glukosa dan meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin. Penelitian secara epidemiologi menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi kopi dalam jangka waktu yang lebih lama dapat menurunkan resiko penyakit diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Persentase penurunan penyakit diabetes melitus dipengaruhi oleh faktor gender dan variasi kopi seperti jenis, teknik menyeduh dan frekuensi konsumsi kopi.
Pengembangan Mi Kering Berbahan Dasar Tepung Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.) sebagai Pangan Fungsional Tinggi Serat Lidwina Lidwina; Puspo Edi Giriwono; Rimbawan Rimbawan
Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Vol. 5 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Technology (ITP), Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in collaboration with the Indonesian Food and Beverage Association (GAPMMI), the National Agency of Drug and Food Control, and th

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Abstract

Indonesia is currently experiencing double nutrition problems, both malnutrition and over nutrition. Over nutrition can lead to obesity and degenerative diseases. One solution to overcome this problem is developing high-fiber food products which helps to improve gastrointentestinal function. Sweet potato flour is used as a source of fiber and a source of carbohydrate. Several formulas were designed and those with the highest content of sweet potatoes and acceptance score were further analyzed. Formula 1 has a water content of 14.08%, ash content 7.11%, fat content 0.36%, protein content 7.56%, and carbohydrate content of 71.11%. Cooking loss in F1 was 19.34%. Results of the analysis showed that total phenolic content of F1 has amounted to 27.0 mg GAE/100 g. While the result of total dietary fiber content analysis was 14.65% dw or equal to 12.58% ww. However, the highest acceptance score is in Formula 3. This formula contains moisture content of 13.51%, ash content 7.07%, fat content 0.13%, protein content 9.02%, and carbohydrate content of 70.33%. Cooking loss of this formula was 13.84%. Results of the analysis showed that total phenolic content of F3 was 15.9 mg GAE/100 g. Analysis of dietary fiber content showed 13.32% dw or equal to 11.52% ww. Based on Indonesian regulations, the fiber content of both formulas can be regarded as high fiber dry noodles as in contains no less than 6 g per 100 g.
Gerakan Scaling-up Nutrition (SUN): Meningkatkan Kerjasama Kemitraan Multi Stakholder dalam Mengatasi Tantangan Kekurangan Zat Gizi di Indonesia Puspo Edi Giriwono; Stefanus Indrayana
Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Mutu Pangan
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Technology (ITP), Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in collaboration with the Indonesian Food and Beverage Association (GAPMMI), the National Agency of Drug and Food Control, and th

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Abstract

Average protein intake of Indonesian is relatively low. Black bean (Phaeseolus vulgaris) is one of the Indonesia local pulses containing high content of protein (16.6% wet basis). Black bean our has a potential as a substitute for wheat our in bakery products such as brownies. The objective of this research was to determine suitable milling procedure of black bean and to evaluate black bean our substitution on physical, chemical, and sensory effects of of brownies. Two different milling methods (dry and wet milling) were studied to produce black bean our after different soaking times (6, 12, and 18 hours). Dry milling method was optimum after 12 hours of soaking. Black bean our contained 23.9% of protein, 62.61% of carbohydrate. The yield of milling process was 49.39% and the our whiteness was 57.74. Substitution 25% of black bean our in brownies making did not decrease brownies characteristics. The brownies had 7.8% of protein content, 513.13 gram force of hardness, 0.71 of elasticity, 0.36 of cohesiveness, with acceptable sensory qualities. Addressing malnutrition in the global scale requires intiatives beginning from every individual country level. This approach in alleviating national nutritional issues at the domestic population contributes signi cantly to the overall worldwide mission to eradicate malnutrition and its detrimental effects which has been outlined in the Millenium Development Goals (MDG) established at the turn of the century. Overcoming issues in nutrient de ciencies becomes the responsibility of all stakeholders, government, industry, academic and other organizations, and include most important of all, the general public. In this integrated approach, an initiative known as the Scaling-Up Nutrition movement is gaining wide recognition and momentum in addressing nutritional problems the world faces. One course of action that may be “scaled-up” involving all parties, is forti cation of food products as an ef cient and effective effort to alleviate nutritional de ciencies, more often than not, de ciencies in micronutrients. Some challenges are expected in this avenue, such as sustainable support for forti cation programs in the form of multi-stakeholder partnerships, effecting policy change to support mandatory forti cation, long- term monitoring of the programs’ compliance and ef cacy in light of limited resources, and increasing awareness and uptake of forti ed products through social marketing campaigns. Thus what is required is the development of terms of governance and agreement for multi-stakeholder partnerships, supporting sustainable business model and its monitoring, for effectiveness and for enforcement of fortification legislation. 
Peranan Klaim Gizi dan Kesehatan pada Susu Pertumbuhan sebagai Penentu Keputusan Pembelian Ayu Puspitalena RTR; Nurheni Sri Palupi; Puspo Edi Giriwono
Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Mutu Pangan
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Technology (ITP), Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in collaboration with the Indonesian Food and Beverage Association (GAPMMI), the National Agency of Drug and Food Control, and th

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Abstract

This moment, it has not been known the role of nutrition and health claims as purchasing decision determination. Objective of the research is to study the role of nutrition and health claims on the labels of growing up milk as purchasing decision and to analyze corellation of respondent's characteristics which have influence. Study was conducted by survey, data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. Label of growing up milk for children 1-3 years old read by 70% respondent and 30% occasionally, and 23% of respondents do not read nutrition and health claims. Nutritional and health claims have a role as a determinant of purchasing decisions for consumers of 24%. As for the 76% purchase decision is influenced by other factors such as suitable with a child, nutrient content, good taste or price. The role of nutritional and health claims as a determinant of purchase decisions are influenced by factors of education, family expenses per month and expenditure for milk per month. As for the other factors that include age, occupation, number of children, place of purchase, and frequency of purchases did not affect the role of nutrition and health claims as a determinant of purchase. 
Prevalensi Penyakit Kanker di Indonesia Berdasarkan Pola Konsumsi Pangan dan Gaya Hidup Kuswanto Aliwikarta; Nurheni Sri Palupi; Puspo Edi Giriwono
Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Vol. 3 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Mutu Pangan
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Technology (ITP), Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in collaboration with the Indonesian Food and Beverage Association (GAPMMI), the National Agency of Drug and Food Control, and th

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Abstract

Consumption of processed meat is associated to cancer risk increasing. This study used secondary data from RISKESDAS 2013 with a case-control study design, is aimed to analyze the cancer prevelance in Indonesia based on food consumption patterns and lifestyles. The case population is 90 people suffering from cancer and 90 people with no cancer randomly selected as control. Respondent profiles were analyzed by univariate analysis. The relationship of cancer risk factors were analyzed by bivariate analysis and determination of risk factors using multivariate analysis. Sensitivity and specificity analyses showed the cancer vulnerable age is ≥46 years. Processed meat consumption is associated significantly (p=0.000; OR=1.25) in the cancer prevelance. Respondents frequently eat processed meat risk is predicted 1.25 times compared to those not taking. Vegetable consumption (p=0.046; OR=0.509) and fruit consumption (p=0.022; OR=0.365) related significantly to cancer. Vegetables consumption reduce the risk by 0509 times, and fruit consumption reduce the risk by 0365 times. Lifestyle risk factors (physical activity and smoking) significant (p=0.000) to cancer. Multivariate analysis results showed the age, gen- der and processed meat consumption is associated significantly (p=0.000) to cancer. 
Kajian Paparan dan Risiko 3-MCPDE dan GE dari Produk Formula pada Bayi Usia 0-12 Bulan di Indonesia secara Probabilistik Wiwi Hartuti; Nuri Andarwulan; Puspo Edi Giriwono
Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Mutu Pangan
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Technology (ITP), Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) in collaboration with the Indonesian Food and Beverage Association (GAPMMI), the National Agency of Drug and Food Control, and th

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jmpi.2020.7.2.59

Abstract

The 3-monochloropropane-1.2-diol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) are chemical contaminants detected in vegetable oils and food products containing vegetable oils including formula products. This study aimed to assess the exposure and risk of 3-MCPDE and GE from infants formula products in Indonesia. Prediction of 3-MCPDE and GE levels of formula products was carried out probabilistically using data levels of 3-MCPDE and GE vegetable oil. Estimated daily intake (EDI) of 3-MCPDE and GE of formula products were obtained by multiplying the predicted data by consumption data while risk assessment is done by comparing EDI value with toxicology reference value. The predicted values of 3-MCPDE and GE levels of formula products ranged from 213.60-285.65 and 772.89-922.73 μg/kg. The exposure value of 3-MCPDE and GE of formula products based on Individual Food Consumption Survey (IFCS) was 1.53-2.40 and 5.54-7.11 μg/kgbw/day, while based on serving consumption was 3.31-6.68 and 10.88-21.62 μg/kgbw/day. Results of risk assessment indicated that 3-MCPDE was above 100% (health risk) in exception that of the age group 6-12 months based on IFCS with a value of 76.98-84.34%, the average GE with the T25 margin of exposure (MoE) was 1838-471 which was below 25.000. EFSA defined MoE T25 at 25.000 as GE's low risk to health.
The Development of Protein Extract from Local Indonesian Shrimp (Penaeus merquiensis) for Food Allergies Reagent Using Skin Prick Test Method SRI YADIAL CHALID; DAHRUL SYAH; PUSPO EDI GIRIWONO; FRANSISKA RUNGKAT ZAKARIA
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 13 No 2 (2015): JIFI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (972.261 KB)

Abstract

Jerbung merupakan jenis udang yang tersebar luas pada perairan Indonesia dan merupakan alergen utama penyebab alergi seafood. Sampai saat ini, menghindari semua penyebab dan pencetus alergi merupakan cara terbaik untuk pengobatan penyakit alergi. Menghindari makanan tertentu layaknya ditegakkan berdasarkan uji alergi seperti skin prick test (SPT). Skin prick test merupakan uji alergi yang umum digunakan untuk menentukan alergen penyebab alergi yang dimediasi oleh IgE. Bahan utama SPT adalah ekstrak protein yang disebut dengan reagent. Protein jerbung diekstrak dari dagingnya menggunakan phospate buffer saline (PBS), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan SDS-PAGE dan konsentrasi proteinnya ditentukan dengan uji Bradford. Ekstrak protein diformulasi sebagai reagen SPT dengan mengikuti standardisasi European Pharmacopoeia Monograph on Allergen Products 7 (2010:1063). Sebanyak 24 subyek alergi makanan dan 16 subyek non alergi makanan dicukitkan ekstrak protein udang jerbung pada kulit tangan bagian bawah. Serum subyek dikumpulkan untuk pengujian IgE total, IgE spesifik dan immunobloting secara in vitro. Sensitivitas ekstrak protein udang jerbung pada penelitian ini adalah 95% dengan kesalahan negatif sebesar 5%, spesifitas sebesar 94% dengan kesalahan positif 6%. Hasil immunobloting menunjukkan bahwa 9 di antara 10 serum subyek alergi udang jerbung yang diuji mampu berikatan secara spesifik (90%) dengan protein reagent udang jerbung pada kisaran berat molekul 28-63 kDa.
Effects of Different Heat Processing on Molecular Weight and Allergenicity Profile of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) from Indonesian Waters Afif Arwani; Nurheni Sri Palupi; Puspo Edi Giriwono
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 17, No 1 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.629

Abstract

Shrimp and crab are fishery products with high nutritional value, especially as protein sources. However, they belong to the crustacean group known to cause many allergies in Southeast Asian countries. Not only affecting the nutritional composition, processing also has the potential in reducing the allergenicity of a food ingredient. This study aims to analyze the effects of various heat processing on nutrient composition, soluble protein content, protein molecular weight profile, and allergenicity of white shrimp and mud crab. The processing was carried out by boiling, frying, and autoclaving. Changes in macronutrient content were determined using proximate analysis. Soluble protein content was analyzed using the Bradford method, while molecular weight and allergenicity profiles were analyzed using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and ELISA techniques. Results showed that processing treatment could significantly reduce protein solubility. SDS-PAGE profile showed that heating shrimp and crab using autoclave at 121.1 oC and pressure of 0.2 MPa for 10 min was able to remove protein bands of 35-38 kDa, which were suspected as the allergen bands. However, boiling (100 oC for 10 min) and deep frying in palm oil (160 oC for 10 min) treatments of the samples gave stronger 35-38 kDa bands intensity than the unprocessed sample. Autoclaving was able to significantly reduce IgE reactivity to shrimp extract better than the boiling and frying process. In contrast, IgE reactivity of crab extract was increased by heat processing especially frying. Thus, autoclaving can be used in the white shrimp processing to produce hypoallergenic food.
Co-Authors Afif Arwani Aliwikarta, Kuswanto Andi Nadya Tita Alia Andini Giwang Kinasih Antung Sima Firlieyanti Apon Zaenal Mustopa Apon Zaenal Mustopa Astrid Noviana Ayu Puspitalena RTR Betty Sri Laksmi Jenie Bustanussalam Cesar Welya Refdi Christian Liguori, Christian Dahrul Syah DAHRUL SYAH Dahrul Syah Deddy Muchtadi Dedi Fardiaz Dewi, Fitriya N. Dian Herawati Dias Erfan Dias Indrasti Eko Hari Purnomo Elsera Br Tarigan Elsera Br Tarigan, Elsera Br Endang Prangdimurti Enny Rimita Sembiring Eris Septiana Farida, Eko Fauzia Izzati Fauzy Rahman FITRY TAFZI Fransiska R. Zakaria Fransiska Rungkat FRANSISKA RUNGKAT ZAKARIA FRANSISKA RUNGKAT ZAKARIA Hanifah Nuryani Lioe Harsi D. Kusumaningrum Hartati Chairunnisa Iftita Rakhma Ikrima Indrayana, Stefanus Ishmah Hanifah Joko Hermanianto Kartika Sari Khaerul Fadly Kharisma Tamimi Kusmajadi Suradi Kusmajadi Suradi Kuswanto Aliwikarta Lidwina Lidwina Lilis Nuraida Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono Masayu Nur Ulfa Nugraha Edhi Suyatma Nur Wulandari Nuri Andarwulan Palupi, Nurheni Sri Pamungkas, Joko Partomuan Simanjuntak Purwiyatno Hariyadi Rahmawati, Siti Irma Ratna Sari Listyaningrum Reni Koja Rimbawan , Rimbawan Rimbawan Rina Dias Agustin RTR, Ayu Puspitalena Sari Apriliana Satya Nugroho Sentani Chasfila Sri Yadial Chalid Stefanus Indrayana Suyanto Suyanto Wahid Yulianto Wendry Setiyadi Putranto Wihardi, Alfin Maulana Winiati Pudji Rahayu Wiwi Hartuti Yatri Hapsari Zakaria Zakaria Zuraidah Nasution