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All Journal ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Jurnal Pengolahan dan Bioteknologi Hasil Perikanan Journal of Marine Research Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Jurnal Kelautan dan Perikanan Terapan (JKPT) Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Jurnal Mutu Pangan : Indonesian Journal of Food Quality Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Perikanan Jurnal Pengabdian Nasional (JPN) Indonesia Economic Education Analysis Journal
Eko Nurcahya Dewi
Program Studi Teknologi Hasil Perikanan, Jurusan Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Kondisi Optimum Hidrolisis Menggunakan Asam Sitrat pada Gracilaria sp. dengan Metode Response Surface Methodology (RSM) untuk Produksi Biosugar Wulansari, Devi; Dewi, Eko Nurcahya; Agustini, Tri Winarni; Riyadi, Putut Har; Napitupulu, Romauli Juliana
Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 20, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Politeknik - Ahli Usaha Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jpbkp.v20i1.1140

Abstract

Biosugar merupakan salah satu sumber nutrisi untuk fermentasi. Gracilaria sp. diketahui sebagai biomassa dengan kandungan polisakarida yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi untuk menghasilkan biosugar. Biosugar dapat diperoleh dari proses hidrolisis dengan katalisator asam, salah satunya asam sitrat. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi optimum dari konsentrasi asam sitrat dan durasi hidrolisis dalam proses produksi biosugar dari Gracilaria sp. yang dihidrolisis menggunakan asam sitrat. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan model Box Behken. Variabel yang diuji yaitu waktu hidrolisis (10-20 menit), konsentrasi asam sitrat (0,05-1 N), dan massa Gracilaria sp. yang digunakan (1-3 g). Respon hidrolisis yang diamati meliputi kadar gula reduksi dan pH, sedangkan evaluasi bahan baku meliputi kandungan proksimat, komponen fitokimia dan pengamatan mikroskopik. Model yang direkomendasikan dalam RSM adalah model 2FI (Two-Factor Interaction) dengan hasil optimal yang direkomendasikan dengan menggunakan konsentrasi asam sitrat 0,584 N, jumlah substrat 3,0 g dan waktu hidrolisis 20 menit. Validasi model menggunakan pengujian triplikat pada kondisi hidrolisis optimum yang direkomendasikan, menunjukkan hasil kadar gula reduksi sebesar 16,34 mg/mL dan pH hidrolisat sebesar 1,96. Hasil uji proksimat menunjukkan Gracilaria sp. mengandung karbohidrat sebesar 42,01-71,87 %, protein 3,26-6,03%, lemak 0,13-0,19%, kadar abu 4,66-35,15% dan kadar air 17,25-19,45%. Komponen fitokimia yang terdeteksi pada Gracilaria sp. sebelum hidrolisis meliputi alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik, steroid dan terpenoid, sedangkan setelah proses hidrolisis terdeteksi alkaloid, saponin, steroid dan terpenoid. Model matematis pada respon kadar gula reduksi telah valid, namun perlu dievaluasi lebih lanjut untuk mendapatkan nilai pH yang memenuhi kriteria.KATA KUNCI: ABSTRACTBiosugar is a potential nutritional source for fermentation process. Gracilaria sp. is known for its high polysaccharide content, making it promising biomass for biosugar production. Biosugar can be obtained from the hydrolysis process using acid catalysts, one of which is citric acid. The study aimed to optimize the concentration of citric acid and hydrolysis duration for biosugar production from Gracilaria sp. using citric acid as the hydrolizing agent. The experimental design was based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Box Behken model. The independent variables examined were hydrolysis time (10 and 20 minutes), citric acid concentration (0.05 to 1 N), and the biomass of Gracilaria sp. used (1 to 3 g). The responses observed were reducing sugar concentration and pH of the hydrolysate, while the raw material was evaluated through proximate analysis, phytochemical screening and microscopic observations. The recommended model from RSM was the 2FI (Two-Factor Interaction) model, with optimal achieved at 0.584 N citric acid, 3.0 g of substrate and a hydrolysis time of 20 minutes. Model validation through triplicate testing under optimal hydrolysis conditions, yielded a reducing sugar concentration of 16.34 mg/mL and a hydrolysate pH of 1.96. The proximate analysis revealed that Gracilaria sp. contained carbohydrate ranging from 42.01-71.87%, protein 3.26-6.03%, fat 0.13-0.19%, ash 4.66-35.15% and moisture content 17.25-19.45%. Phytochemical screening detected alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, steroids and terpenoids in the raw biomass, whereas only alkaloids, saponins, steroids and terpenoids remained after hydrolysis. The mathematical model for reducing sugar concentration was validated, but further optimization is needed to achieve desirable pH levels.
GC-MS Analysis and In Silico Molecular Docking Study of Caulerpa racemosa Microcapsules Under Heat Exposure Dewi, Eko Nurcahya; Purnamayati, Lukita; Yuliani, Yuliani; Matanjun, Patricia
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 3 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.3.359-372

Abstract

Caulerpa racemosa is a nutritionally rich green seaweed with bioactive properties, but its components are sensitive to high temperatures. The application of microencapsulation protects its bioactive compounds during exposure to high temperatures, which can otherwise cause degradation. This study aims to investigate the primary bioactive components in C. racemosa microcapsules subjected to high temperatures (120°C, 140°C, and 160°C) for 5 h. The phytoconstituents were identified using GC-MS. Additionally, an in-silico analysis, including ADME profiling and molecular docking, was conducted using BIOVIA Discovery Studio to assess the pharmacokinetic properties and potential biological interactions of the identified compounds. GC-MS analysis revealed that microcapsules treated at 120°C contained propane 2,2-diethoxy, while at 140°C, two additional compounds, furfural, and 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-, were identified. However, no active compounds were detected in microcapsules treated at 160 °C. Volatile compounds from the alcohol, aldehyde, furan, and ester groups increased with higher temperatures, particularly aldehydes and furans between 120°C and 140°C. The PASS database highlighted the potential of C. racemosa microcapsules in the development of safe, next-generation drugs, that adhere to ADMET properties. Molecular docking studies were performed with NF-κB and MMP-9 receptors. Among the tested compounds, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl- demonstrated the highest affinity for macromolecular targets. This compound's amine group showed strong binding to MMP-9 at Val A:398, suggesting its potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent to mitigate illness.
Co-Authors Agung Pratomo Agustin, Dhita Widya Dyah Ahmad Fajar Ahmad Zakki Zulkarnain, Ahmad Zakki Ali, Noor Faqih Udin Andini, Lucky Anggraeni, Novia Antonius Budi Susanto apri dwi anggo Arifin Heraedi Arnyta Restu Pratiwi, Arnyta Restu Bani Chandra Mahardika Baswara, Satsya Yoga Bidari Mara Dewi Bobby Septian Sipayung, Bobby Septian Candra Tama S.A. Delianis Pringgenies Diana Rachmawati Dolorosa, Roger G. Eko Susanto Fahmi, Ahmad Suheli Fathurrohman, Muhammad Dwilian Hapsoro, Mahadika Tjiptaning Ima Wijayanti Irma Sundari Johannes Hutabarat Laras Rianingsih Ma'ruf, Widodo Farid Marfuah, Isnaini Matanjun, Patricia Mega Kharisma, Mega Mulyani, Dian Rakhmawati Nadia Bella Falistin, Nadia Bella Napitupulu, Romauli Juliana Niam, Sufa’ah Hurumun Ni’am, Sufa’Ah Hurumun Nugroho, Happy Is Nur Mulia Megawati Pramitha Nurma Deviyanti, Pramitha Nurma Purnamayati, Lukita Putri Wening Ratrinia Putut Har Riyadi Ratieh Widhiastuti Ratna Ibrahim Retno Ayu Kurniasih Romadhon Romadhon Rosiska Lutfiyanti RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Saefullah, Muhamad Rekhan Saputro, Benediktus Wahyu Sari, Berliana Luckyta Setyo Adi Nugroho sigit winarno Sri Rejeki Stevy Imelda Murniati Wodi Suita, Reka Vemberiana Sumardianto - Tandiyo Rahayu Titik Susilowati Tri Winarni Agustini Tsaniya, Aulia Rahmawati Ulfah Amalia Utari, Kurnia Suci Tri Widodo Farid Ma’ruf Windarto, Seto Wulansari, Devi YS Darmanto Yuliani Yuliani Yulisa Meiriza, Yulisa Yuniar, Aldila Wulan Zulfitriani Zulfitriani