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Struktur Anatomi Daun Artemisia cina Berg. Ex Poljakov Hasil Kultur Jaringan Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Juliarni, Juliarni; Andry, Yuli
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 9, No 3 (2004): October 2004
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

This study was conducted to investigate the anatomical structure of leaves of Artemisia cina Berg. ex Poljakov due to variances in leaf morphology during grown in vitro. Shaking of culture, position of stem nodes used as explants and concentration of BAP (Benzyl Amino Purin) added to the culture medium were the factors investigated in this study. There was variation in leaves morphology of culture, however this variation did not occur after aclimatization and plant grown in the greenhouse. BAP decreased the level of chlorophyll content of leaves. In general, anatomical characters of leaves were not influenced by shaking, nodes position of stem and level of BAP.

Enkapsulasi dan Regenerasi Kalus Embriogenik Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) Kultivar Bapang dan Gadung 21 Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Nugroho, Robertus; Hamim, Hamim
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 3 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

The mother plant and genetic variability of Indonesian mango need to be conserved. Encapsulation is one of in vitro conservation used for many plant species. The aim of this research was to study the regeneration of encapsulated mango cultivar Bapang and Gadung 21 embryogenic callus after storage at -14, 3âˆ’5, and 26âˆ’27oC for 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Embryogenenic callus was treated with 3% Na-alginate (in liquid 3M), then it was dropped into 100 mM CaCl2. Encapsulated callus beads were dehidrated and stored at -14, 3âˆ’5, and 26âˆ’27oC for 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. After storage, the callus was cultured in 3M medium containing 2,4-D at 0, 1, and 2 mg/l for the regeneration. The results showed that after 8-week storage, callus of Bapang culticar was more viable (67.3%) and resulted more number of somatic embryos (191.6%) than Gadung 21 cultivar. The callus which was cultured in 3M medium without addition of 2,4-D was more viable (20.9%) and had more number of somatic embryos (1062.5%) than that which was cultured on medium containing 2,4-D. After 2-week storage, callus had viability of 7.6%. No storage callus formed more somatic embryos than storage callus. Storage at 26âˆ’27oC gave higher viability as well as higher number of somatic embryo than stored at -14 and 3âˆ’5 oC. The callus did not regenerate into shoots after storage at -14oC. Embryogenic callus could be stored at 3âˆ’5 and 26âˆ’27oC for 4 weeks.

EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERT. TETRAPLOID SECARA IN VITRO DAN DI LAPANG UNTUK PRODUKSI STEVIOSIDA DAN REBAUDIOSIDA-A Adabiyah, Rifatul; Ratnadewi, Diah; Ermayanti, Tri Muji
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 2 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i2.3809

ABSTRACTGenetic improvement through tetraploid induction of Stevia rebaudiana is important in order to increase the sweetener content, steviol glycoside. Tetraploid plants of several species after induction with colchicine and oryzalin have higher growth and secondary metabolite contents compared to the diploid plants. This study was aimed to evaluate growth as well as their stevioside and Reb-A content of S. rebaudiana tetraploid and diploid (control) plants cultured in vitro and grown in the field after acclimation process. This study used 3 tetraploid clones, namely B60.3H8, P1T22, P3T5, and 1 diploid clone as control. Shoot tips were cultured on MS medium without addition of plant growth regulators for 6 weeks, then they were acclimated in a greenhouse, followed by planting them in the field. Growth of shoot culture, plantlets in the greenhouse and plants in the field were observed. Analysis of stevioside and Reb-A was done by HPLC. The results showed that plantlets of diploid clone had higher in vitro growth and survival rate in the greenhouse than that of tetraploids. Tetraploid clone P1T22 had similar growth as diploid plants, but higher than the growth of tetraploid B60.3H8 and P3T5. Fresh and dry weights of B60.3H8 was similar with diploid plants, but higher than P1T22 and P3T5 tetraploid clones. The highest level of stevioside and Rebaudiosida-A was found in tetraploid B60.3H8 clone, the lowest was found in the diploid plants. The highest ratio of stevioside : Reb-A was found at B60.3H8 tetraploid clone. Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, in vitro, field, growth, Stevioside, Rebaudioside-A, tetraploid

VARIASI JUMLAH KROMOSOM TALAS BENTUL (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (L.) SCHOTT) IN VITRO HASIL PERLAKUAN ORIZALIN Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Rantau, Deritha Ellfy; Wulansari, Aida; Martin, Andri Fadillah; Hafiizh, Erwin Al
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i1.3765

ABSTRACTChromosome number analysis is required after polyploid induction with oryzalin. Flowcytometry analysis is a simple and quick method to determine the ploidy level, however, chromosome number analysis is needed in order to confirm variation in the chromosome numbers which has occurred. The aim of the research was to investigate chromosome number variation of polyploid taro (Colocasia esculenta) after in vitro treatment with oryzalin. Nine treated-oryzalin clones and four taro cultivars, as control treatment, were used in this experiment. Ploidy level confirmation was done by flowcytometry analysis, meanwhile chromosome number calculation was performed by squashing method. Roots were isolated from in vitro plantlets for squashing, leaves were isolated from the same plantlets were used for flowcytometry analysis. At least three plants consisted of 6-52 cells having good chromosome distributions were calculated for their chromosome numbers. The results showed that ploidy level of taro corresponded to the number of chromosomes. Flowcytometry analysis of diploid, triploid, tetraploid as well as hexaploid clones, all has chromosome numbers similar to those as their ploidy levels. Range of the chromosome numbers varied, with most of cells had around their normal chromosome numbers. From 5 to 15% of cells had aneuploid numbers lower or above their normal chromosome numbers. Keywords : Colocasia esculenta, flowcytometer, polyploid, chromosome number, oryzalin, in vitro

Analisis kandungan artemisinin pada kultur tunas Artemisia annua L. dengan lima karakter morfologi yang berbeda Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Al Hafiizh, Erwin; Aryanti, Aryanti; Sutedja, Lenny
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 3 (2005): October 2005
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Artemisia annua L. is a medicinal plant that has an antimalarial drug againts Plasmodium falciparum strains which are resistant to traditional drugs such as quinine and chloroquine. This plant contains artemisinin as major compounds found on its leaves. Aim of the research was to analyze the artemisinin content of shoot culture of A. annua which has five different in leaf morphologies (Morphology type A, B, C, D and E). Previous investigation showed that shoot regenerated from callus has five different morphologies. This somaclonal variation was permanent after continuously subcultured onto MS medium with no addition of plant growth regulators. Artemisinin was detected using HPLC and it was comfirmed by LC-MS. The results showed that shoot culture type B contained the highest artemisinin content (0.171%) amongst other type of morphology. Shoot type D showed the lowest level of artemisinin (0.006%) which was not significantly different with type E (0.008%). Addition of BAP at concentration of 1 and 2 mg/l increased artemisinin level of the shoot culturs.

INDUKSI TANAMAN POLIPLOID TALAS (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA L.) DENGAN PERLAKUAN ORIZALIN SECARA IN VITRO Wulansari, Aida; Martin, Andri F; Ermayanti, Tri Muji
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 12, No 2 (2016): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v12i2.2898

ABSTRACTGenetic improvement of taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) is one of important research program to increase productivity and give better cultivation on the marginal land. Induction of polyploid plants is a method useful to increase genetic diversity. The aim of this research was to induce polyploid taro by oryzalin treatment. Polyploidy was induced from in vitro diploid taro ?bentul? using oryzalin at 7.5; 15; 30; 60 and 75 ?M soaked for 3 days. Regenerated shoots were grown on MS medium containing 2 mg/l BAP, 1 mg/l thiamine and 2 mg/l adenine. Shoot growth was recorded four weeks (subculture-0), eight weeks (subculture-1) and twelve weeks (subculture-2) after treatments. The results showed that survival rate of treated shoots was 100%. Higher oryzalin concentration reduced the proliferation of shoots, petiole length, numbers of leaves as well as the numbers of roots. Ploidy levels analysis determined by flowcytometer for 122 plantlets were investigated. The results indicated that control shoots were diploid. All treated shoots were polyploids. Oryzalin at 60 ?M gave 50% of tetraploid planlets, 30 ?M of oryzalin gave 5.71% hexaploids, 60 ?M of oryzalin gave 9.09% octaploids. All acclimatized plantlets gave 100% survival rate.Keywords : Colocasia esculenta L., taro, in vitro induced polyploidy, oryzalin

INDUKSI POLIPLOIDI PADA TANAMAN TALAS (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (L.) SCHOTT) KULTIVAR KALIURANG DENGAN PERLAKUAN KOLKISIN SECARA IN VITRO Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Wijayanta, Ardian Nur; Ratnadewi, Diah
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 14, No 1 (2018): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v14i1.3667

ABSTRACTGenetic modification to increase productivity and other better growth characteristics of Kaliurang taro could be done by various methods; one of them is polyploid induction. Kaliurang taro has performed excellent traits, it is resistant to leaf blight disease and pests. Polyploid plants of Kaliurang taro are expected to have excellent char-acteristics and increased productivity. The objective to this study was to obtain an efficient method through in vitro induction of polyploidy using colchicine on Kaliurang taro. Aseptic plantlets of Kaliurang taro were soaked in colchicine solution at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% for 1, 2 and 3 days. Control was untreated plantlets. Each treatment consisted of 12 replicates. The colchicine-treated plantlets were then planted on MS medium containing 2 mg/L BAP, 1 mg/L thiamine and 2 mg/L adenine. Survival rate and vegetative growth of plantlets were observed every week for 8 weeks after planting. The results showed that increasing colchicine concentra-tion and the soaking period produced planlets with various survival rate. Flowcytometric analysis indicated that the treatment of soaking the plantlets in 0.05% colchicine for 1 day resulted in 14.3% of tetraploid plantlets. The most efficient of colchicine treatment was 0.2% for 3 days, resulting in 57.1% tetraploids, with the efficient value of 33.3%. There was chromosome multiplication from diploid to tetraploid which was confirmed through both flowcytometric analysis and chromosomes counting.Keywords: Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.), Kaliurang, in vitro, flowcytometer, chromosome multiplication, tetraploids

PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN KULTUR TUNAS STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI PADA MEDIA DENGAN PENINGKATAN KADAR VITAMIN DAN GLISIN SERTA PENGGUNAAN JENIS TUTUP TABUNG BERBEDA Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Rantau, Deritha Elly; Hafiizh, Erwin Al; Maulana, Evan
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 13, No 2 (2017): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v13i2.3395

ABSTRACTStevia rebaudiana is plant species producing natural sweetener with has low calories. The species propagation could be done by tissue culture tecnique to obtain propagules with high quality and sustainability. Modification of media composition and in vitro environment will increase growth and vigority of explants so that they have high survival rate during acclimatization. The aim of this research was to increase growth of stevia shoot culture by increasing the level of vitamins in combination with different type of test tube covers. Stevia shoot tips were cultured on MS medium containing normal concentration of its vitamins (control treatment; Myo-inositol 100 mg/l; Nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/l; Pyridoxine-HCl 0.5 mg/l; Thiamine-HCl 0.5 mg/l and Glycine 2 mg/l), twice and 4 folds of vitamin levels, they were grown on culture tubes with Al-foil and ventilated-plastic with filter (2 cm diameter and pore size at 0,22 micron). Height of shoots, number of nodes, number of leaves, number of roots were observed every week till 8 weeks of culture. Biomass (fresh and dry weights) and chlorophyll level and acclimatization were done 8 weeks of culture. The results showed that type of culture tube covers affected significantly to all growth parameters, biomass as well as level of chlorophyll, meanwhile level of vitamins only affected number of nodes, shoots and roots. Interaction between vitamin level and covers types only occured for height of shoots and number of roots. Plantlets grown on medium containing 4 fold of vitamin level (Myo-inositol 400 mg/l; Nicotinic acid 2 mg/l; Pyridoxine-HCl 2 mg/l; Thiamine-HCl 2 mg/l and Glycine 8 mg/l) with ventilated-plastic cover had larger leaves compared to other treatments. All plantlets survived in a greenhouse.Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, in vitro growth, increase in vitamin concentration.

EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERT. TETRAPLOID SECARA IN VITRO DAN DI LAPANG UNTUK PRODUKSI STEVIOSIDA DAN REBAUDIOSIDA-A Adabiyah, Rifatul; Ratnadewi, Diah; Ermayanti, Tri Muji
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 2 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i2.3809

ABSTRACTGenetic improvement through tetraploid induction of Stevia rebaudiana is important in order to increase the sweetener content, steviol glycoside. Tetraploid plants of several species after induction with colchicine and oryzalin have higher growth and secondary metabolite contents compared to the diploid plants. This study was aimed to evaluate growth as well as their stevioside and Reb-A content of S. rebaudiana tetraploid and diploid (control) plants cultured in vitro and grown in the field after acclimation process. This study used 3 tetraploid clones, namely B60.3H8, P1T22, P3T5, and 1 diploid clone as control. Shoot tips were cultured on MS medium without addition of plant growth regulators for 6 weeks, then they were acclimated in a greenhouse, followed by planting them in the field. Growth of shoot culture, plantlets in the greenhouse and plants in the field were observed. Analysis of stevioside and Reb-A was done by HPLC. The results showed that plantlets of diploid clone had higher in vitro growth and survival rate in the greenhouse than that of tetraploids. Tetraploid clone P1T22 had similar growth as diploid plants, but higher than the growth of tetraploid B60.3H8 and P3T5. Fresh and dry weights of B60.3H8 was similar with diploid plants, but higher than P1T22 and P3T5 tetraploid clones. The highest level of stevioside and Rebaudiosida-A was found in tetraploid B60.3H8 clone, the lowest was found in the diploid plants. The highest ratio of stevioside : Reb-A was found at B60.3H8 tetraploid clone. Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, in vitro, field, growth, Stevioside, Rebaudioside-A, tetraploid

VARIASI JUMLAH KROMOSOM TALAS BENTUL (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (L.) SCHOTT) IN VITRO HASIL PERLAKUAN ORIZALIN Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Rantau, Deritha Ellfy; Wulansari, Aida; Martin, Andri Fadillah; Hafiizh, Erwin Al
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i1.3765

ABSTRACTChromosome number analysis is required after polyploid induction with oryzalin. Flowcytometry analysis is a simple and quick method to determine the ploidy level, however, chromosome number analysis is needed in order to confirm variation in the chromosome numbers which has occurred. The aim of the research was to investigate chromosome number variation of polyploid taro (Colocasia esculenta) after in vitro treatment with oryzalin. Nine treated-oryzalin clones and four taro cultivars, as control treatment, were used in this experiment. Ploidy level confirmation was done by flowcytometry analysis, meanwhile chromosome number calculation was performed by squashing method. Roots were isolated from in vitro plantlets for squashing, leaves were isolated from the same plantlets were used for flowcytometry analysis. At least three plants consisted of 6-52 cells having good chromosome distributions were calculated for their chromosome numbers. The results showed that ploidy level of taro corresponded to the number of chromosomes. Flowcytometry analysis of diploid, triploid, tetraploid as well as hexaploid clones, all has chromosome numbers similar to those as their ploidy levels. Range of the chromosome numbers varied, with most of cells had around their normal chromosome numbers. From 5 to 15% of cells had aneuploid numbers lower or above their normal chromosome numbers. Keywords : Colocasia esculenta, flowcytometer, polyploid, chromosome number, oryzalin, in vitro

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