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, Rahul Ardian Fikri
UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN PANCA BUDI
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HARMONISING NATIONAL ECONOMIC SOVEREIGNTY AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE STANDARDS THROUGH THE RECOGNITION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES TO NATURAL RESOURCES Abdul Razak Nasution; Muhammad Juang Rambe; Rahul Ardian Fikri
Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

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Abstract

The application of extraterritorial non-tariff barriers within the international trade framework, such as the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), gives rise to jurisdictional conflicts regarding the principle of permanent sovereignty over the natural resources of developing countries. Such unilateral policies have implications for the vulnerability of the protection of the constitutional rights of Indigenous Peoples (IP) within the governance of commodity supply chains at the domestic level. This study aims to analyse the alignment of a state’s economic sovereignty with global environmental standards through the fulfilment of IP customary rights. Using a normative legal research method with legislative, conceptual, and policy analysis approaches, this study finds that legal mitigation of international market regulations is inadequate if it relies solely on a formal compliance approach within the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) instrument and the National Dashboard system. Legal loopholes resulting from procedural obstacles to establishing MHA status in regions risk legalising land tenure that is legally flawed for the sake of meeting certification requirements. Harmonisation of the legal system requires the enactment of specific legislation (lex specialis) on MHA, the establishment of Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) as an absolute prerequisite for business licensing, and the integration of indigenous territory mapping into the national geospatial database. This legal framework serves as a guarantee of domestic rights certainty whilst also functioning as a legitimate strategic diplomatic instrument in countering environmental protection justifications used as barriers to global trade.
REGULATORY AUTONOMY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LEGAL SYSTEM: NORMATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES Abdul Razak Nasution; Muhammad Juang Rambe; Rahul Ardian Fikri
Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): January (January-March)
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

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This study examines the legal relationship between trade liberalization commitments within the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the right of developing countries to regulate. The expansion of the WTO’s scope into domestic jurisdictions has legal implications for the policy space of developing countries in the process of formulating national legislation, particularly in the sectors of public health and environmental protection. Using a doctrinal legal research methodology, this study examines general exceptions, Special and Differential Treatment (S&DT), and the jurisprudence of the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). The research findings outline three key points. First, legal recognition of regulatory autonomy is subject to certain normative limitations. The necessity test and empirical standard of proof under the SPS and TBT Agreements create an imbalance in the burden of proof for developing countries, which has the potential to affect the sustainability of the national legislative process (regulatory chill). Second, the S&DT principle, formulated to accommodate differences in economic capacity, tends to be declaratory in its application. This results in limitations on the binding force of the instrument as a legal basis for defense in dispute resolution. Third, legal interpretations by dispute settlement bodies have direct legal consequences for domestic autonomy. Furthermore, administrative constraints at the Appellate Body level and the implementation of the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA) also affect the fulfillment of the principle of legal certainty at the appellate stage. This study concludes that the formulation of national legislation requires the fulfillment of a pre-formulation feasibility review (ex-ante assessment). Additionally, multilateral harmonization efforts are needed to fundamental legal justification.
Co-Authors , Elfitra Desy Surya Abdul Razak Nasution Alfathin Zakiy Alwandani Alwandani Aris Syahrudin Ayuda Silitonga Bangun P Manalu Batubara, Muhammad Miftahur Rizki Bintang, Hasdiana Juwita Clinton Ody Folsen Ambarita Damanik, Ditha Yohana Patricya Danni Ronaldo Simamora Dedy Ananta Ginting Dinda Ayu Ramadhani Fitria Ramadhani Fitria Ramadhani Siregar Ginting, Gemilang Perdana Hasdiana Juwita Bintang Ismaidar I, Ismaidar Jihan Savira MHD AZHALI Siregar Muhammad Arif Sahlepi Muhammad Isa Indrawan Muhammad Juang Rambe Nabilah Syaharani Nana Kartika Nimrod Manalu Nur Balqis Ryan Perdana Simamora Sakina, Putri Yosida Saragih, Dores Ariandi Sembiring, Ever Scula T. Sidi, Redyanto Siregar, Abdul Rahman Maulana Siregar, Azhali Syahranuddin Syahranuddin T Riza Zarzani T. Riza Zarzani. N Tambun, Wilson Santoso Tarigan, Jeripan Theresa, Elbina Tobing, Januar Wilson Santoso Tambun Yasmirah Mandasari Saragih