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All Journal Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Jurnal Media Gizi Indonesia (MGI) Paediatrica Indonesiana GIZI INDONESIA Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia World Nutrition Journal Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia
Umi Fahmida
SEAMEO
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Child feeding practices among working mothers and daycare staff in Jakarta, Indonesia: A mixed-methods study Setiyaningrum, Hanna Yuni; Anggorowati, Rita; Fahmida, Umi
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 22, No 1 (2025): Juli
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.110923

Abstract

Background: Child-feeding practices among working mothers and daycare staff play an essential role in children’s dietary intake.Objective: This study aims to compare child-feeding practices between working mothers and daycare staff. Additionally, the study explores the perspectives of working mothers, daycare staff, and management regarding their roles in child feeding practices to the children.Methods: Mothers of under-five children (n=124) who used daycare facilities in 11 daycares in Ministry/Agencies in Jakarta and the daycare staff (n=47) were invited to complete the self-administered Child Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ). Qualitative research utilized WeValue Insitu and Perspective Exploration (PEX) involving working mothers (n=3), daycare staff (n=5), and daycare management staff (n=5).Results: The findings indicated higher scores amongst working mothers on child control (3.20 vs 2.20, p<0.001) and emotion regulation (2.00 vs 1.67, p<0.001) subscales than daycare staff. On the other hand, daycare staff had higher scores on pressure to eat (3.75 vs 3.50, p<0.05), encourage balance and variety (4.75 vs 4.50, p<001), modelling (5.00 vs 4.25, p<0.001), and restriction (4.20 vs 3.40, p<0.001) subscales than the working mothers. The quantitative findings were supported by the qualitative findings regarding the child feeding practices, especially for restriction, encourage balance and variety, and modelling subscales.Conclusions: The study highlights complementary roles of mothers and staff in shaping children’s eating behaviours and the importance of communication between mothers and daycare staff on the child's feeding practices. Nutrition education is needed, particularly to strengthen aspects of child feeding which are still low in mothers and daycare staff.
Iron, Zinc, and Calcium Bioavailability of Nutrient-Dense Foods for Designated Complementary Feeding of Children Under Two in East Nusa Tenggara Sanjiwani, Putu Amrytha; Fahmida, Umi; Santoso, Muhayatun; Marliyati, Sri Anna; Mansyur, Muchtaruddin
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i1.52-64

Abstract

Background: Inadequate quantity and quality of complementary feeding contribute substantially to micronutrient deficiencies, particularly iron, zinc, and calcium. In Indonesia, intake of these micronutrients is frequently suboptimal, and their bioavailability is often compromised by dietary inhibitors, primarily phytate. Objective: This study aimed to compare the in vitro bioavailability of iron, zinc, and calcium from selected locally available animal-and plant-source foods with potential for promotion in complementary feeding among children aged 6–24 months, and to evaluate the effects of pre-processing treatments on micronutrient bioavailability and phytate reduction. Method: A laboratory-based experimental study was conducted to assess the micronutrient bioavailability and phytate content in sticky corn, mung beans, cowpeas, and moringa leaf subjected to soaking (24 h), boiling, and germination (72 h). Bioavailability was analyzed using a solubility-based in vitro digestion model. Anchovy and chicken liver served as animal-source comparators. Result: Pre-processing treatments significantly reduced phytate content in mung beans, cowpeas, and sticky corn (p < 0.001), with germination yielding the greatest reduction. However, desirable calcium bioavailability was not achieved in germinated cowpeas and sticky corn. Anchovy and chicken liver exhibited substantially higher iron, zinc, and calcium bioavailability compared with plant-source foods. Conclusion: Germination of plant-source foods enhances iron, zinc, and calcium bioavailability; however, their bioavailability remains lower than that of animal-source foods. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal animal-to-plant-source food ratios for the development of nutrient-dense complementary foods that meet iron, zinc, and calcium requirements.
Co-Authors Agus Firmansyah Ameline, Amanda Safiera Anang Endaryanto Anggorowati, Rita Anna Vipta Resti Mauludyani Badriul Hegar Dadi Hidayat Maskar, Dadi Hidayat Dewanto, Naomi Esthernita Fauzia Fatima Safira Alatas, Fatima Safira Hardinsyah Hidayatulloh, Agus Htet, Min Kyaw Humayrah, Wardina Ikeu Tanziha Jahja Umar, Jahja Keiko Izushi, Keiko Kusuma Dewi, Dian Laily, Noer Maria Chatarina Phan Ju Lan, Maria Chatarina Meisara, Naura Delfi Muchtaruddin Mansyur Muhayatun Santoso Nuri Purwito Adi Oktaviani, Endang Otte Santika Pambudi, Wiyarni Pritasari, Pritasari Puji Lestari, Shanti Retno Asti Werdhani Risatianti Kolopaking, Risatianti sanjiwani, putu amrytha Setiyaningrum, Hanna Yuni Siti Muslimatun Sri Anna Marliyati Titus Priyo Harjatmo Yusra, Yusra