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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Transmisi Rekayasa Mesin Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology JPSE (Journal of Physical Science and Engineering) Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro Jurnal Karinov Jurnal Abdi Insani Jurnal Pengabdian, Pendidikan dan Teknologi Jurnal Graha Pengabdian Teknomekanik Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Automotive Experiences

Heru Suryanto

Universitas Negeri Malang

Author-ID : 2739468

Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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The Effect of Multi-Extrusion Process of Polylactic Acid on Tensile Strength and Fracture Morphology of Filament Product Muhamad Syaifuddin; Heru Suryanto; Suprayitno Suprayitno
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v5i12021p062

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most used materials in FDM 3D Printing. Large-scale consumption of PLA on an industrial scale could cause environmental and efficiency problems. Thus, PLA waste and industry waste need to be recycled to limit excessive waste. This study aimed to investigate the change in mechanical property, morphology, and structure of mechanically recycled PLA. Recycling was performed 12 times using the extrusion process with an extrusion temperature nozzle of 170°C. The SEM, structural analysis, and amorphous-crystalline analysis used XRD. The results showed a gradual decrease of tensile strength from each recycle with a total of 20% (13.22 MPa). The decrease percentage equalled the number of recycling. After the 9th recycle, PLA experienced a drastic tensile strength decrease, in which the 12th recycle tensile strength had a 14% (8.17 MPa) reduction. The morphology analysis of the tensile test sample presented significant morphology change, in which morphology defects such as void, flakes, and cracks appeared after the 6th recycle. Although, until 12 times extrusion, it did not significantly affect the PLA phase shape. Mechanical recycle using a multi-extrusion process is not recommended exceeding six times

Analysis of Biodegradation of Bioplastics Made of Cassava Starch Nanang Eko Wahyuningtiyas; Heru Suryanto
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Environmental pollution due to plastic waste taking too long to decompose has become a global problem. There have been numerous solutions proposed, one of which is the use of bioplastics. The use of cassava starch as the main ingredient in the manufacture of bioplastics shows great potential, since Indonesia has a diverse range of starch-producing plants. The aim of the present study is to analyse the effect of glycerol on microbial degradation. This experimental research investigated the use of cassava flour mixed with glycerol plasticizer at various concentrations (0, 2, 2.5, 3%) in the synthesis of bioplastics. The aspects studied were biodegradability, moisture absorption (using ASTM D570), shelf life, and morphological properties (using a camera equipped with a macro lens) and SEM. This study revealed that complete degradation could be achieved on the 9th day. The addition of a large concentration of glycerol would accelerate the microbial degradation process, increase moisture, and extend the shelf life of bioplastics in a dry place.

The Effect of Chemical Pretreatment Process on Mechanical Properties and Porosity of Cellulose Bacterial Film Tito Arif Sutrisno; Heru Suryanto; Retno Wulandari; M. Muhajir; S.M.Shahrul N.S. Zahari
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 3, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer which have superior properties, like high porosity, high purity, and high permeability. The study objective is to determine the influence of chemical pretreatment on tensile strength and the porosity of BC. The method was to make BC films from pineapple peel extract through fermentation process for 14 days. The pretreatment was conducted by immersion of BC in BmimCl, H2O2, and NaOH solution with a concentration of 2.5%; 5%; and 7.5 %, heated at 80 °C then dried in the oven, and the samples were then tested by a tensile test using ASTM-D636-V standard, morphology analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope, and porosity analysis. The results indicate that the tensile strength of control sample was 123 MPa, whereas after chemical pretreatment, the tensile strength was decreased with the greater reduction occurred using NaOH pretreatment compared than the other solutions that having a lower tensile strength of 8.54 MPa at 7.5 % of NaOH. The results of porosity show that the value increased after being treated chemically. The BC film porosity was 87.13% after NaOH treatment of 7.5% while BC film untreated had porosity of 19.15%. This phenomenon was occurred due to the increasing pore, so the absorption of water increased.

Properties of Cassava Starch based Bioplastic Reinforced by Nanoclay Nanang Eko Wahyuningtiyas; Heru Suryanto
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 2, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Synthetic Synthetic plastic is chemical materials which cause severe environmental problems. Incinerating plastic waste leads to release of hazardous gases, which is not good for humans. Bioplastic can help reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and petroleum, that bioplastic can solve the problem of synthetic plastic use. This research aims to define the properties of the cassava starch-based bioplastic reinforced by nanoclay. Methods were experimental with bioplastic component of cassava starch, glycerol as plasticizer and nanoclay as reinforcement. The bioplastic was analyzed using XRD, tensile test, moisture absorption, biodegradability, and compared with another bioplastic. The results show that the addition of nanoclay into bioplastic results increasing the tensile strength of bioplastic also increases from 5.2 MPa to 6.3 MPa. This research revealed that complete degradation of nanoclay reinforced bioplastic could be achieved on the 6th day.

Thermogravimetric and Kinetic Analysis of Cassava Starch Based Bioplastic Nanang Eko Wahyuningtyas; Heru Suryanto; Eddy Rudianto; Sukarni Sukarni; Poppy Puspitasari
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 1, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Cassava starch based bioplasticfor packaging application has great potency because of the various starch-producing plants in Indonesia.Bioplasticcan contribute to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels andpetroleumthat can solve the environmentalproblem.Thepurpose of this research is to find out the thermal decomposition and the activation energy of cassava starch based bioplastic. The methods weresynthesis bioplastic with cassava starch as main component and glycerol as plasticizer. The thermogravimetry analysis was conducted to obtain the decomposition process mechanism of bioplastic and the heating valueof bioplasticwas measured using theadiabatic bomb calorimetric. Data analysis was conducted using a fitting model approach with an acikalin method to determine the activation energy. The result of thethermogravimetricanalysis showed thatbioplasticisgraduallydecomposedto the moisture, volatilematter, fixed carbon, andash in four stages mechanism. Totally decomposition of bioplastic was 530°C, then all of bioplastic was become the ash. The activation energy in the early and primary thermal decomposition stages are 1.27 kJ/moland 22.62 kJ/mol, respectively and heating valueof bioplastic is 15.16 MJ/kg.

Effect of Homogenization Pressure on Bacterial Cellulose Membrane Characteristic Made from Pineapple Peel Waste Muhamad Muhajir; Heru Suryanto; Yanuar Rohmat Aji Pradana; Uun Yanuhar
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v6i12022p034

Many studies were conducted to maintain the environment by reducing the waste, especially pineapple peel waste. This study aims to explore the effect of various pressure of the homogenization process on bacterial cellulose membrane surface morphology and structure produced using extract of pineapple peel waste. The methods include the preparation of pellicle samples from the product of the fermentation process of Acetobacter xylinum using a medium from the extract of pineapple peel waste. Bacterial cellulose pellicles were crushed using a blender. Mashed bacterial cellulose pellicle then homogenized in High-Pressure Homogenizer with pressure variation of 0 bar, 150 bar, 300 bar, 450 bar, dan 600 bar then cast into a mold. The bacterial cellulose solutions were dried in an oven at 60°C for 8 hours. The dried bacterial cellulose membrane was analyzed using XRD for the structure and SEM analysis for the morphology. The results indicate that the crystalline properties of BCM were shifted after being treated by various pressure processing in a High-Pressure Homogenizer. It was found that the High-Pressure Homogenizer with higher pressure reduced the peak intensity, decreased crystalline index from 87% to 70%, and decreased the degree of crystalline from 88% to 77% without changing the cellulose structure. The higher pressure of the homogenization process causes the porosity of the membrane to be decreased.

Effect of Addition Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle on Properties of Pineapple Leaf Fiber Mediated TEMPO Oxidation Oxidation Ramadhan, Rahmad Ikrom; Suryanto, Heru; Fikri, Ahmad Atif; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Maulana, Jibril; Fadillah, Faqih; Mito, Mohamed T; Masera, Kemal
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um0168i12024p082

Indonesia is an agricultural country with the potential to grow many plants as natural fiber sources. In order to improve its properties, natural fiber needs to be treated by applying nanomaterial so that it can compete with the characteristics of synthetic fibers. The study aims to determine the influence of adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) characteristics. The PALF was collected from the Subang plantation (Indonesia). The chemical treatment was carried out with pre-treatment using an alkalization process for 3 hours, and the oxidation process was carried out with TEMPO. TiO2 nanoparticle grafting was carried out by adding a silane solution with a ratio of 1:10 with alcohol. The characteristics of PALF were observed using XRD, FTIR, SEM, and tensile tests. The results show that the crystallinity of the PALF increased after TEMPO treatment. PALF form Si-O-C bond identified at a wavelength of 1158 cm-1 after silane treatment. Ti – O – Si functional groups were identified in the 660 cm-1 – 670 cm-1 wavelength range. In the fiber surface, agglomerated TiO2 nanoparticles are formed and increase with increasing TiO2 nanoparticle concentration. The tensile stress of treated PALF is increased by 125%, with the highest tensile strength of 1279.18 MPa, obtained by TiO2 nanoparticle concentration of 1.0%.

Study on Effect of 3D Printing Parameters on Surface Roughness and Tensile Strength Using Analysis of Variance Fadillah, Faqih; Suryanto, Heru; Suprayitno, Suprayitno
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 7, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v7i22023p096

Fused deposition modeling of 3D printing is the process of making workpieces or parts by adding filaments to each layer. Some indicators of a high-quality product of 3D printing are the precisions dimensions, the surface roughness, and tensile strength. This research aims to find the parameters most affecting surface roughness and tensile strength. The research design used an experimental method with input parameters: (1) print speed (15-35 mm/s), (2) print temperature (200-210°C), (3) layer height (0.1 – 0.3 mm), (4) infill line directions (0-90°), and dependent variables were surface roughness and tensile strength. The data distribution used the L9 orthogonal array, and the statistic analysis used ANOVA. Material uses nanographite-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) filament. The results indicate that print parameters that significantly affect surface roughness are layer height and infill line directions. The best surface roughness on the layer height parameter is 0.1 mm, and the infill line directions parameter is 90°. Based on ANOVA analysis, print speed, print temperature, and layer height do not significantly affect tensile strength, but infill line directions significantly affect tensile strength. The best tensile strength on infill line directions is 90°. The best average tensile strength with nanographite-reinforced PLA filament is 38.56 N/mm2, with 35 m/s print speed, 205 °C print temperature, 0.1 mm layer height, and 90° infill line direction parameter. The best average surface roughness with nanographite-reinforced PLA filament is 0.66 µm, with 35 m/s print speed, 205 °C print temperature, 0.1 mm layer height, and 90° infill line direction parameter.

Effect of Grafting Nano-TiO2 on Sansevieria cylindrica Fiber Properties Wiguna, Chrisrulita Sekaradi; Suryanto, Heru; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Binoj, Joseph Selvi; Ali, Alamry
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 7, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v7i12023010

Natural fibers, which are abundant, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable, are used as a replacement for synthetic fibers. The composite strength can be increased by treating the surfaces of natural fibers with suitable chemicals, which can also improve the interface interaction between fiber and matrix. Application of a coupling agent in chemical treatment is utilized to reinforce the bonding between fiber and matrix. The objective of the study is to determine the influence of silane concentration on the Sansevieria cylindrica fiber properties. The methods included fibers treatment using ethanol and coupling agent as dissolving and TiO2 with concentrations of 0 percent, 0.25 percent, 0.5 percent, 0.75 percent, and 1 percent. The mechanical strength testing was conducted through a single fiber test. Fiber morphology was observed using an electron microscope. FTIR analyzes the change in fiber chemical composition caused by TiO2 addition. As a result, the morphology of S. cylindrica fibers became rougher and showed a rougher surface after a silane concentration of 1 percent, but with the proper concentration, some fiber surfaces provided a good interface. Ti-O bonds are formed at a wavelength of 475 cm-1. The shift in a peak at 400–500 cm-1 indicates Ti-O-Ti group stretching vibrations believed to have originated from TiO2 particles. The mechanical strength increases as the concentration of TiO2 increases, with the highest fiber strength of 284.66 MPa observed at a TiO2 concentration of 1 percent. This represents a 26 percent higher tensile strength compared to the control specimen.

The Effect of Chlorophyll Concentration from Papaya Leaves on the Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Rizali, Dede; Suryanto, Heru; Sukarni, Sukarni
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) is the third generation solar cell that has sandwich structure consisted of organic dye material and other components such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor, electrolyte, and substrates (counter electrode and working electrode). The dye in the device was made from green plant chlorophyll such as papaya. This research aimed to find the influence of dye concentration from papaya leaves chlorophyll on the performance of DSCC. The discussion covered the output power (Pout), Fill Factor (FF), and efficiency (ɳ). The method in this research was explorative experimental with independent variables such as direct and indirect sunlight. The dependent variables were output power (Pout), Fill Factor (FF), and efficiency (ɳ) from the DSSC. The procedures in this research consisted of substrates preparation, TiO2 paste production, dye solution preparation, electrolyte preparation, counter electrode preparation, and DSSC assembly. The tests on chlorophyll concentration were conducted using spectrophotometry method while the DSSC performance test used 1,000 W/cm2 halogen lamp. The results showed that 100% chlorophyll concentration resulted in 3.1295 mg/m3 chlorophyll content type a. The best DSSC performance was obtained by the DSSC sample that had 100% chlorophyll concentration and 1.1294 mg/m3 chlorophyll content. The direct light of DSSC achieved Pout of 0.9557 mW, FF of 0.07282, and efficiency of 1.499137%. The DSSC with indirect light obtained Pout of 0.00455 mW, FF of 0.01535, and efficiency of 0.049863%.

Co-Authors Adhitya, Dewa Sukma Trinanda Agung Prabowo Ahmad Atif Fikri Aisyah Larasati Ali, Alamry Amasda, Naufal Rizky Aminnudin, Aminnudin Ananto, Rifqi Ryandi Dwi Andoko Andoko, Andoko Anni Faridah Apri Supii Arbianto, Ferian Rizki Ardianto Prasetiyo Asus Maizar Suryanto H Avita Ayu Permanasari Bili Darnanto Susilo Binoj, Joseph Selvi Daimon Syukri Dyah Kinasih Wuragil Eddy Rudianto Fadillah, Faqih Faishol, Faishol Fakris Muslim Fauliza, Tifa Femiana Gapsari MF Gian Suryanatha Hartawan Gunanti Mahasri Herly Evanuarini Iqbal, Ahmad Ismail, Mahrus Jibril Maulana Komarudin Komarudin Kris Witono M. Muhajir Malik Abdurrachman Manawan, Maykel Marsono Marsono Masera, Kemal Mito, Mohamed T Mufidah, Rhobithotus Muhamad Muhajir Muhamad Muhajir Muhamad Syaifuddin Muhammad Musa Muhammad Musa Muhammad Sumsanto Muhdi, Krisna Dwipa Murdanto, Putut Nanang Eko Wahyuningtiyas Nanang Eko Wahyuningtyas Nashrullah, Fikri Munif Navis, Akbar Nico Rahman Caesar Nusantara, Fajar Osman, Azlin Fazlina Pahlefi, Reval Panicker, Nithin Pradana, Yanuar Rohmat Aji Prasetya, Riduwan Pratama, Daniel Febrian Putra, Abyan Farras Ramadhan, Rahmad Ikrom Reddy .A. Dharmabintara Redyarsa Dharma Bintara Retno Wulandari Riyanto, Mochammad Deny Rizali, Dede Rr. Poppy Puspitasari Rudy Soenoko S.M.Shahrul N.S. Zahari Setyayunita, Tamaryska Sias, Quota Alief Subhan, Muhammad Ferindin Nuha Sukarni Sukarni Sukarni Sukarni Suprayitno Suprayitno Suprayitno Suprayitno Susilo, Bili Darnanto Tito Arif Sutrisno Ulhaq, Ulfieda Anwar Utari, Inpita Casuarina Eqisetia Wardani, Nezya Pramudya Wiguna, Chrisrulita Sekaradi Wuragil, Dyah Kinasih Yanuar. R. A. Pradana Yanuhar, Uun Yudy Surya Irawan

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