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All Journal Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum Jurnal Hukum Novelty Rechtsidee Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Perspektif : Kajian Masalah Hukum dan Pembangunan JUSTITIA JURNAL HUKUM Hasanuddin Law Review MEDICA MAJAPAHIT JURNAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Media Iuris Jurnal Suara Hukum Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Batulis Civil Law Review Yuridika Jurnal Dedikasi Hukum Perspektif Hukum Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia ULJLS Medica Majapahit Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Inovasi Indonesia
Agus Yudha Hernoko
Departemen Hukum Perdata Fakultas Hukum Universitas Airlangga.
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Legal Character of Mining Service Contracts by State-Owned Enterprises/SOEs (Persero) in Indonesia Umar, Wahyudi; Hernoko, Agus Yudha; Anand, Ghansham; Anggriawan, Rizaldy
Batulis Civil Law Review Vol 7, No 1 (2026): VOLUME 7 ISSUE 1, MARCH 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/ballrev.v7i1.3716

Abstract

Introduction: Mining service contracts executed by State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in the form of persero play a strategic role in Indonesia’s natural resource governance. Although formally framed as commercial contracts, these agreements involve public assets, state authority, and environmental responsibilities, creating legal complexities that challenge traditional private contract doctrines.Purposes of the Research:  This article aims to examine the legal character of mining service contracts entered by Indonesian SOEs persero and to determine whether such contracts can be classified as purely private commercial agreements or should be understood as contracts with inherent public dimensions.Methods of the Research: This study employs normative legal research using statutory, and conceptual approaches. Legal materials are examined through document analysis of legislation, doctrinal writings, and relevant legal principles governing contracts, state owned enterprises persero, and mineral and coal mining activities.Results / Main Findings / Novelty/Originality of the Research: The study finds that mining service contracts by SOEs cannot be categorized as ordinary private contracts. Instead, they constitute public–commercial contracts characterized by limited contractual freedom, heightened public accountability, and embedded state obligations. This conceptualization offers a refined legal framework for understanding SOE contracts in strategic sectors.
The Regulation of Land Ownership Rights for Legal Entities in the Perspective of Modern Agrarian Law: Challenges of Fair Legal Evolution Alen Saputra; Agus Yudha Hernoko; Agus Sekarmadji
Yuridika Vol. 41 No. 1 (2026): Volume 41 No 1, January 2026
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ydk.v41i1.75227

Abstract

Land ownership is a legally recognized right that represents the strongest and most comprehensive form of control over land. Within Indonesia’s agrarian legal system, land ownership rights are fundamentally granted only to Indonesian citizens. However, in practice, certain exceptions allow legal entities to obtain land ownership rights based on Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles and Government Regulation Number 38 of 1963 concerning the Designation of Legal Entities Eligible to Hold Land Ownership Rights. These provisions have sparked theoretical and philosophical debates as legal entities do not possess descendants, while land ownership is inherently hereditary. This paper examines the philosophical foundation from a normative juridical perspective regarding the granting of land ownership rights to specific legal entities, as well as the urgency of regulatory reform to ensure legal certainty and to accommodate the evolving legal and societal needs within the framework of modernization.
The nature of fairness in contracts: An electronic contract perspective Dona Budi Kharisma; Agus Yudha Hernoko; Prawitra Thalib; Digvijay Singh Rana
Jurnal Hukum Novelty Vol. 16 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/jhn.v16i1.29650

Abstract

Introduction to the Problem: The development of information technology has given rise to various types of electronic contracts in the form of adhesion contracts. Unfair legal issues surround the contract formation process and the content of new electronic contract models, such as browser wrap agreements and sign-in wrap agreements. In several cases that have been decided by the Court, the panel of judges has its own standards for deciding disputes based on a fair electronic contract. Purpose/Study Objectives: This paper aims to elaborate on the nature of contractual fairness from an electronic contract perspective. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employed the statute approach and the case approach. This research examines various regulations relating to agreements, electronic contracts, the doctrine of unconscionability and examizing a number of decisions pertaining to electronic contracts from courts in Indonesia as well as various other nations. Findings: The research results can be concluded that nature of fairness in electronic contracts can be tested through two indicators, the process of forming the contract and clauses in the agreement. Electronic contracts are considered procedurally unfair if the weak party does not know and realizes that they are bound by a contract. An electronic contract is considered substantively unfair if a clause in the contract places an unreasonable burden on the weaker party. In addition to the doctrine of unconscionability, the principles of transparency, duty to read, and reasonable expectation must also be used to ensure fairness in electronic contracts. These principles need to be formulated into the norms of the Indonesian Information Transaction Act to protect consumers from unfair contracts. Paper Type: Research Article
Bridging Legal Traditions in Consumer Protection: Criminal Liability in Comparative Jurisprudence and Contemporary Islamic Law Bambang Suheryadi; Hariyanto; Bambang Sugeng Ariadi Subagyono; Agus Yudha Hernoko; HD. Djunaedi
MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): MilRev: Metro Islamic Law Review
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, UIN Jurai Siwo Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/milrev.v5i1.12863

Abstract

Consumer protection has become an increasingly urgent legal issue in the era of global trade and digital commerce, where complex market structures and cross-border transactions intensify the vulnerability of consumers. This study aims to examine the construction of criminal liability in consumer protection by bridging different legal traditions through a comparative analysis of contemporary legal systems and Islamic legal principles. The research employs a normative legal method, using a comparative and conceptual approach to analyse statutory regulations, jurisprudence, and legal scholarship from several jurisdictions, including Indonesia, the United Kingdom, and Malaysia, alongside perspectives from contemporary Islamic law. The findings demonstrate that Indonesia's consumer protection regime, regulated under Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, is primarily grounded in the principles of benefit, justice, and legal certainty. Yet, it still places criminal sanctions as ultimum remedium and largely relies on fault-based liability with a reverse burden of proof. In contrast, the United Kingdom applies a strict liability regime for defective products, influenced by the Product Liability Directive, which enables stronger producer accountability regardless of fault. Malaysia adopts a hybrid regulatory approach, particularly in addressing consumer risks within digital and online transactions. From the perspective of contemporary Islamic law, consumer protection is normatively supported by principles such as the protection of property (ḥifẓ al-māl), the removal of harm (al-ḍarar yuzāl), and the prohibition of fraudulent practices (gharar and tadlīs), which conceptually reinforce stricter liability frameworks for producers. This study contributes to the development of consumer protection discourse by proposing a bridging framework between comparative jurisprudence and Islamic legal principles. It argues that integrating strict liability concepts with maqāṣid-oriented Islamic legal values can strengthen the normative and institutional design of consumer protection regimes, particularly in Indonesia, by enhancing legal certainty, accountability, and consumer justice in the contemporary marketplace.
Co-Authors Adhipramana, Fikri Adhitya Pratama Nugroho AdiTio Helga Ramanda Agus Sekarmadji Alen Saputra Anak Agung Gede Wahyu Parama Arka Anggriawan, Rizaldy Antonino Pedro Marçal Antonius Gunawan Dharmadji Areta Edgina Apta Maharani Arnanda Mahantika, Nacha Asri Wijayanti Bambang Sugeng Ariadi Subagyono Bambang Sugeng Ariadi Subagyono Cindy Indudewi Hutomo Digvijay Singh Rana Djunaedi Djunaedi Dona Budi Kharisma Dona Budi Kharisma, Dona Budi Erni Agustin Faizal Kurniawan Farid Bahtiar, Lukman Farid Bahtiar, Lukman Fiska Silvia Raden Roro Fitri Nur Amalia Ghansham Anand Hariyanto HASIM PURBA Herini Siti Aisyah, Rr. Huda, M. Khoirul Hutomo, Cindy Indudewi Istanti Siti Rahmawati Hartiwi Kagramanto, Budi Kinan Kalam Khalifa M. Khoirul Huda Moh. Ali Mokhamad Khoirul Huda Natasya Immanuela Sandjojo Ni Wayan Wirawati Oktafiyana, Oktafiyana Prawitra Thalib Prawitra Thalib Ridaningjati , Pamungkas Rina Rina Rokhmat Rokhmawan, Ulum Romadhona, Mochamad Kevin Rosnidar Sembiring Savero Rianda, Juan Soeparto Wijoyo Suheryadi, Bambang Trisadini Prasastinah Usanti Ulum Rokhmat Rokhmawan Umar Haris Sanjaya Wahyudi Umar Zahry Vandawati Chumaida