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Uji Antagonis Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 dan Trichoderma harzianum terhadap Pertumbuhan Magnaphorte oryzae pada Benih Padi Anak Daro dengan Variasi Lama Perendaman Feskaharny Alamsjah; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Riesca Salsabilah Rahmayati; Suwirmen Suwirmen; Anthoni Agustien; Kurniadi Ilham
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 11, No 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.9468

Magnaphorte oryzae is a pathogenic fungus that causes blast disease in rice plants. This disease can cause a decrease in rice production. Therefore, it is necessary to control the disease, one of which is by administering microbes that are antagonistic to Magnaphorte oryzae. This research aims to determine the percentage of inhibitory power of Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 and Trichoderma harzianum on the growth of Magnaphorte oryzae with varying soaking times of 24, 48 and 72 hours on the Anak Daro rice variety. This research carried out viability tests for Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 and Trichoderma harzianum, as well as antagonist tests using the dual culture method. The results showed that the growth inhibition of Magnaphorte oryzae by Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 for a soaking period of 24 hours was 28.48% in the weak category, 48 hours was 32.27% and 72 hours was 31.01% in the medium category. Inhibition of Magnaphorte oryzae by Trichoderma harzianum for a soaking period of 24 hours was 50.63%, 48 hours was 57.59%, and 72 hours was 56.32% in the high category.

Pengaruh Aplikasi Nanobiostimulan Rumput Laut (Padina minor Yamada) terhadap Kadar Klorofil Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Millania Putri Shayen; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Tesri Maideliza; Suwirmen Suwirmen
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 11, No 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.9063

Chlorophyll is a green pigment in plants which is important for the process of photosynthesis. The photosynthesis process affects plant growth. Seaweed extract has been proven to be a source of biostimulants that can increase plant growth, one of which is Padina minor. Concentration and frequency are important factors that influence the work of biostimulants. One effort to increase the effectiveness of biostimulants is by changing the crude extract into the form of nanoparticles. This research aims to analyze the effect of concentration, frequency, and interaction between concentration and frequency of crude extract and Padina minor nano extract on chlorophyll levels in soybean plants. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial consisting of 2 factors and 4 replications. Factor A concentration of Padina minor extract, namely control, crude extract 0.4%, nano extract 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.6%. Factor B is the frequency of administration of Padina minor extract, namely 1, 2, and 3 times administration. Based on research that has been carried out, the results showed that administration of 0.4% crude extract increased the average chlorophyll a level by 6.6% and a total of 11%. Meanwhile, chlorophyll b gave the same results as 0.3% nano extract, namely an increase of 14% compared to the control. The total frequency of administration of Padina minor extract was 3 times, and the same as the other treatments, increasing chlorophyll a levels by 4.6%, b by 5.2%, and a total of 4.9% compared to the control. The interaction between concentration and frequency of administration of Padina minor nano extract gives the same results as the crude extract, with lower concentration and less frequency of application in increasing levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll in soybean plants.

Perkecambahan Biji Anggrek Grammatophyllum stapeliiflorum Pada Media MS dengan Penambahan BAP Secara In Vitro Iga Permata Hany; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Suwirmen Suwirmen
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.27624

AbstrakGrammatophyllum stapeliiflorum merupakan jenis anggrek epifit dengan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif yang relatif lambat. Anggrek ini termasuk ke dalam kelompok CITES Apendiks II. Kultur in vitro merupakan usaha perbanyakan paling efektif untuk tanaman anggrek. Penggunaan media kultur dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) yang tepat akan meningkatkan keberhasilan perkecambahan biji anggrek secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi media MS dan penambahan BAP terbaik terhadap perkecambahan anggrek G. stapeliiflorum secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan berupa variasi konsentrasi media MS dan BAP, yaitu: MS penuh; MS ½ hara makro; MS ¼ hara makro; MS penuh + 1 ppm BAP; MS ½ hara makro + 1 ppm BAP; dan MS ¼ hara makro + 1 ppm BAP. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini, yaitu waktu muncul protokorm dan persentase tahap perkecambahan biji. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji lanjut Duncan New Multiple Range Test dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BAP mampu mempercepat waktu muncul protokorm. Konsentrasi media MS ¼ hara makro + 1 ppm BAP merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk perkecambahan biji anggrek tahap 0 hingga tahap 3, sedangkan konsentrasi media MS ¼ hara makro merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk mencapai tahap 4 perkecambahan biji anggrek G. stapeliiflorum secara in vitro.AbstractGrammatophyllum stapeliiflorum is a type of epiphytic orchid with relatively slow vegetative and generative growth. This orchid is included in the CITES Appendix II group. In vitro culture is the most effective propagation method for orchid plants. The use of appropriate culture media and growth regulators will increase the success of orchid seed germination in vitro. This study aims to determine the effect of the best concentration of MS media and the addition of BAP on the germination of G. stapeliiflorum orchids in vitro. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of varying concentrations of MS and BAP media, namely: full MS; MS ½ macro nutrients; MS ¼ macro nutrients; full MS + 1 ppm BAP; MS ½ macro nutrients + 1 ppm BAP; and MS ¼ macro nutrients + 1 ppm BAP. The parameters observed in this study were the time when the protocorm appeared and the percentage of seed germination stages. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA test and the Duncan New Multiple Range Test with a level of 5%. The results of the study showed that administration of BAP was able to speed up the time when protocorm appeared. MS media concentration ¼ macro nutrients + 1 ppm BAP is the best concentration for stage 0 to stage 3 orchid seed germination, while MS media concentration ¼ macro nutrients is the best concentration for achieving stage 4 germination of G. stapeliiflorum orchid seeds in vitro.

Antagonist Test of Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 and Trichoderma harzianum on the Growth of Magnaphorte oryzae on Several Varieties of Priming Rice Seeds Feskaharny Alamsjah; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Hesti Dwi Marcellinna; Anthoni Agustien; Suwirmen; Kurniadi Ilham
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v23i1.6112

Priming is a seed-soaking technique to increase seed viability and also suppress pathogens' growth. Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the pathogens in rice plants that causes leaf blast disease. The high rice consumption each year in Indonesia is not proportional to the amount of rice plant production, which is affected by the growth of pathogenic fungi. This study aims to determine the viability and percentage inhibition of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum against the growth of the pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae on local West Sumatra rice varieties Ceredek, Pandan Pulau, and Batang Sungkai. The research was conducted by testing the viability of microbes by counting the number of colonies and testing microbial antagonists with the Dual Culture method on seven days of observation. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum could inhibit the growth of the pathogen M. oryzae, which causes leaf blast disease. The viability of Bacillus subtilis after biopriming for 48 hours was most significant on Ceredek variety, which was 15.9x106 cfu/g, and for Trichoderma harzianum on Pandan Pulau variety, which was 0.4x106 cfu/g. The most significant inhibition percentage of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum was obtained in Ceredek rice with a value of 30.13% (medium category) and 63.04% (high category).

Tanggap Pertumbuhan dan Pengakumulasian Metabolit Sekunder pada Tumbuhan Heliofitik Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) terhadap Paparan Ultraviolet Idris, Muhammad; Putri, Shintiya Rahmadhani; Suwirmen, Suwirmen
Vegetalika Vol 13, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.99127

Cahaya matahari mengandung sinar ultraviolet (UV) yang dapat menembus lapisan ozon, UV-A dan sebagian kecil UV-B, yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Tumbuhan di daerah tropis umumnya terpapar intensitas cahaya tinggi, termasuk UV. Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) merupakan tumbuhan heliofit yang diperkirakan telah adaptif terhadap paparan UV. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk melihat pengaruh paparan UV dilingkungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan akumulasi metabolit sekunder pada anakan karamunting. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kampus Universitas Andalas, Padang pada ketinggian sekitar 255 mdpl selama dua bulan (April-Juni, 2022). Metode eksperimental digunakan untuk menganalisis perbandingan respon antara anakan karamunting tidak terpapar dan terpapar UV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya perbedaan signifikan (uji t-test, p < 0,05) antara tumbuhan tidak terpapar dengan terpapar UV pada parameter pertambahan tinggi, jumlah daun, luas daun dan kandungan klorofil. Hasil analisis regresi terhadap tinggi anakan dan pertambahan tinggi selama perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa usia anakan yang digunakan sebagai sampel mempengaruhi respon terhadap paparan UV. Hasil analisis metabolit sekunder memperlihatkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kandungan antosianin yang signifikan pada anakan karamunting yang terpapar UV namun tidak untuk kandungan flavonoid. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, pertumbuhan anakan karamunting secara umum tidak terpengaruh oleh paparan UV.

Improving Kopay Chili Seed Germination Through Priming with Eichhornia crassipes Root Extract Suwirmen, Suwirmen; Noli, Zozy Aneloi; Emelta, Citra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.9419

Kopay chili (Capsicum annuum L. cultivar Kopay) is a local Indonesian cultivar valued for its distinctive flavor, economic potential, and adaptability to tropical climates. However, one of the major challenges in its cultivation is the low and uneven germination rate, which can affect crop uniformity and productivity. This research investigates the effect of priming with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) root extract on the germination of kopay chili seeds (Capsicum annuum L. cultivar Kopay). The objective was to evaluate the influence of soaking duration, extract concentration, and their interaction on seed germination and early seedling growth. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors and three replications was employed. The first factor was soaking duration: 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours; the second factor was extract concentration: 0% (control), 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The results showed that a soaking duration of 3 hours significantly improved germination time, growth rate, vigor index, and root length. Extract concentration alone had no significant effect on any measured parameter. However, the interaction between soaking duration and extract concentration significantly affected germination time, vigor index, root length, and seedling dry weight. These findings suggest that short-term seed priming using water hyacinth root extract can enhance germination and early growth of kopay chili under certain conditions.

Pengaruh Aplikasi Nanobiostimulan Rumput Laut (Padina minor Yamada) terhadap Kadar Klorofil Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Shayen, Millania Putri; Noli, Zozy Aneloi; Maideliza, Tesri; Suwirmen, Suwirmen
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.9063

Chlorophyll is a green pigment in plants which is important for the process of photosynthesis. The photosynthesis process affects plant growth. Seaweed extract has been proven to be a source of biostimulants that can increase plant growth, one of which is Padina minor. Concentration and frequency are important factors that influence the work of biostimulants. One effort to increase the effectiveness of biostimulants is by changing the crude extract into the form of nanoparticles. This research aims to analyze the effect of concentration, frequency, and interaction between concentration and frequency of crude extract and Padina minor nano extract on chlorophyll levels in soybean plants. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial consisting of 2 factors and 4 replications. Factor A concentration of Padina minor extract, namely control, crude extract 0.4%, nano extract 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.6%. Factor B is the frequency of administration of Padina minor extract, namely 1, 2, and 3 times administration. Based on research that has been carried out, the results showed that administration of 0.4% crude extract increased the average chlorophyll a level by 6.6% and a total of 11%. Meanwhile, chlorophyll b gave the same results as 0.3% nano extract, namely an increase of 14% compared to the control. The total frequency of administration of Padina minor extract was 3 times, and the same as the other treatments, increasing chlorophyll a levels by 4.6%, b by 5.2%, and a total of 4.9% compared to the control. The interaction between concentration and frequency of administration of Padina minor nano extract gives the same results as the crude extract, with lower concentration and less frequency of application in increasing levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll in soybean plants.

Uji Antagonis Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 dan Trichoderma harzianum terhadap Pertumbuhan Magnaphorte oryzae pada Benih Padi Anak Daro dengan Variasi Lama Perendaman Alamsjah, Feskaharny; Noli, Zozy Aneloi; Rahmayati, Riesca Salsabilah; Suwirmen, Suwirmen; Agustien, Anthoni; Ilham, Kurniadi
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v11i2.9468

Magnaphorte oryzae is a pathogenic fungus that causes blast disease in rice plants. This disease can cause a decrease in rice production. Therefore, it is necessary to control the disease, one of which is by administering microbes that are antagonistic to Magnaphorte oryzae. This research aims to determine the percentage of inhibitory power of Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 and Trichoderma harzianum on the growth of Magnaphorte oryzae with varying soaking times of 24, 48 and 72 hours on the Anak Daro rice variety. This research carried out viability tests for Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 and Trichoderma harzianum, as well as antagonist tests using the dual culture method. The results showed that the growth inhibition of Magnaphorte oryzae by Bacillus subtilis ATTC 6633 for a soaking period of 24 hours was 28.48% in the weak category, 48 hours was 32.27% and 72 hours was 31.01% in the medium category. Inhibition of Magnaphorte oryzae by Trichoderma harzianum for a soaking period of 24 hours was 50.63%, 48 hours was 57.59%, and 72 hours was 56.32% in the high category.

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