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Effect of Botanical Pesticides on Inhibiting Colletotrichum sp. Causing Anthracnose in Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) In Vitro Anisa Rahman Rusiati; Feskaharny Alamsjah; Riska; Suwirmen
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 12 No 4 (2026)
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v12i4.14567

Abstract

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp. is a major postharvest disease of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) that leads to significant economic losses during storage. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of essential oil-based botanical pesticides derived from lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii L.), and wild betel (Piper aduncum L.) against Colletotrichum sp. in vitro. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with nine treatments and three replications, using essential oil concentrations up to 1000 ppm in both single and combined formulations. Antifungal activity was assessed based on colony diameter and fungal biomass, and data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). All treatments significantly inhibited fungal growth compared to the control. The smallest colony diameter was recorded in the lemongrass treatment (12.80 mm), with the highest inhibition rate of 85.77%. The lowest fungal biomass was observed in the cinnamon treatment (20 mg). These results demonstrate very strong antifungal activity of the tested essential oils.This study highlights the novelty of utilizing locally sourced essential oils as botanical pesticide formulations targeting Colletotrichum sp., suggesting their potential as environmentally friendly alternatives for sustainable postharvest disease management.
Design and Experimental Validation of qPCR Primer for Drought-Responsive CaHsfA2 Gene in Capsicum annuum for Sustainable Crop Production Suwirmen; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Anthonie Agustien; Djong Hon Tjong; Amanda Nurhafitri
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 12 No 5 (2026)
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v12i5.14897

Abstract

Drought stress severely reduces plant productivity by disrupting photosynthesis and cellular homeostasis. Plants respond through regulatory networks involving stress-responsive genes, including heat shock proteins (HSPs), regulated by heat shock transcription factors (HSFs). Among these, HsfA2 plays an important role in abiotic stress tolerance, including drought. Although CaHsfA2 expression has been reported in Capsicum annuum, validated primers for quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis remain limited. This study aimed to design and validate specific primers for CaHsfA2 expression analysis. Primer candidates were designed from sequence NM_001324561.1 using Primer-BLAST and evaluated based on length, GC content, melting temperature (Tm), and self-complementarity. Total RNA was extracted from chili roots subjected to drought stress (50% field capacity) and nanopriming with Padina minor, followed by cDNA synthesis, gradient PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis.. Secondary structures were analyzed using OligoAnalyzer. Of ten primer pairs, four met the criteria, and primer set 1 (1_CaHsfA2) showed optimal characteristics (%GC 55%, Tm 60°C, product length 190 bp) and minimal secondary structure potential (ΔG > −9 kcal/mol). Gradient PCR (55.3–59.2°C) produced a single band (~193 bp), consistent with the predicted size (190 bp), with an optimal annealing temperature of 57.3°C, confirming its specificity and suitability for qPCR-based gene expression analysis under drought conditions.
Application of fern Davallia denticuluta L. extract using different solvents as biostimulants for Kopay chili (Capsicum annuum L.) production Suwirmen; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Fepi Dwi Marta; Chairul
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 53 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v53i2.62870

Abstract

Ferns are a potential source of biostimulant compounds due to their rich content of bioactive secondary metabolites. This study aimed to evaluate different solvents for extracting bioactive compounds from Davallia denticulata and to identify the optimal extract formulation for enhancing the growth and yield of Kopay chili. This research was conducted from February to May 2024 at the Plant Physiology Research Laboratory and Greenhouse, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Padang. A completely randomized design with 16 treatment combinations involving four solvents (A1 = aquadest, A2 = methanol, A3 = ethanol, A4 = butanol) and four extract concentrations (B0 = 0 mg L-1, B1 = 25 mg L-1, B2 = 50 mg L-1, and B3 = 100 mg L-1) was employed. Plant growth parameters responded differently to various combinations of extract concentration and solvent type. Methanol extract at 100 mg L-1 significantly increased plant height, ethanol at 50 mg L-1 improved shoot dry weight and root biomass, butanol at 100 mg L-1 increased chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, and methanol at 25 mg L-1 resulted in higher fruit weight. These results indicate that Davallia denticulata extract, when properly formulated, holds strong potential as a natural biostimulant to improve growth and productivity in chili cultivation. Keywords: active compouns; chili growth; plant extract; secondary metabolites; solvents extraction
In Vitro Antagonistic Activity of Trichoderma atroviride and Trichoderma harzianum against Colletotrichum sp. and Fusarium sp. Isolated from Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) Ayumi Rizci Puspita; Feskaharny Alamsjah; Anthoni Agustien; Suwirmen Suwirmen; Anisa Rahman Rusiati
AGRORADIX : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Januari-Juli 2026
Publisher : Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam Darul 'Ulum (UNISDA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52166/agroteknologi.v9i2.13076

Abstract

Fungal diseases remain a major constraint in chili cultivation, particularly anthracnose and Fusarium wilt. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro biocontrol potential of Trichoderma atroviride and Trichoderma harzianum against Colletotrichum sp. and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici. The study was conducted experimentally using the dual culture method on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium with three replications for each treatment. Results showed that both Trichoderma isolates exhibited strong inhibitory activity against the tested pathogens. Trichoderma atroviride showed inhibition percentages of 92% against Colletotrichum sp. and 90% against Fusarium sp., while Trichoderma harzianum inhibited pathogen growth by 73.6% and 85%, respectively. The primary antagonistic mechanism observed was competition for space and nutrients, indicated by the rapid growth of Trichoderma colonies covering the Petri dishes. This study indicates that T. atroviride and T. harzianum have promising in vitro biocontrol potential against Colletotrichum sp. and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici.
Effectiveness of Trichoderma atroviride biopriming on germination of chili pepper seeds infected with Colletotrichum and Fusarium Ayumi Rizci Puspita; Feskaharny Alamsjah; Anthoni Agustien; Suwirmen Suwirmen; Mellanie Alia Putri
JURNAL AGRONIDA Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronida
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/jag.v12i1.24638

Abstract

Seed-borne diseases caused by Colletotrichum and Fusarium can reduce the viability and vigor of chili seeds. An environmentally friendly alternative for disease management is the use of Trichoderma atroviride as a biopriming agent. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of T. atroviride biopriming on the germination of Kopay chili seeds infected with Colletotrichum scovillei and Fusarium oxysporum. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of eight treatments with four replications. Observed parameters included germination percentage, root length, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight, vigor index, and root emergence time. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% significance level. The results showed that T. atroviride treatment produced the highest germination percentage (100%), which was not significantly different from the positive control (95%) and negative control (90%). The T. atroviride treatment also resulted in the greatest root length (2.54 cm), shoot length (1.74 cm), highest vigor index (100%), and the fastest root emergence (2 days). In contrast, the C. scovillei treatment exhibited the lowest germination percentage (30%) and vigor index (45%). These findings suggest that biopriming with T. atroviride has the potential to enhance seed vigor and support early seedling growth of chili under seed-borne pathogen stress.
DISEMINASI TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA ANGGREK PADA SKALA RUMAH TANGGA DI KELURAHAN LIMAU MANIS PADANG Mairawita Mairawita; Muhammad Nazri Janra; Henny Herwina; Suwirmen Suwirmen
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol. 1 No. 3.b (2018)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Tumbuhan anggrek (Orchidaceae) merupakan salah satu kelompok tumbuhan berbunga terbesar yang kurang lebih mempunyai 28.000 jenis dari sekitar 763 genera. Sebagai tumbuhan epifit, anggrek telah lama didomestikasi dan dibudidayakan oleh manusia untuk berbagai keperluan, terutama untuk kepentingan estetika dan keindahan. Anggrek juga menduduki salah satu posisi sebagai tumbuhan yang cukup banyak diperjualbelikan secara komersil. Sayangnya, mengingat cara tumbuh dan kebutuhan hidup yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan tumbuhan hias konvensional lainnya, anggrek cenderung dianggap sebagai tumbuhan yang sulit dibudidayakan. Di lain pihak, walaupun mempunyai kondisi lingkungan yang mendukung untuk melakukan budidaya anggrek, Sumatera Barat tidak pernah benar-benar menjadi penghasil anggrek secara komersil. Untuk itulah, kegiatan penyuluhan mengenai teknik budidaya anggrek yang disertai dengan pemberian motivasi untuk menanam anggrek dilakukan pada mitra kegiatan yaitu kaum ibu dan perempuan di Kelurahan Limau Manis Padang pada tanggal 30 November 2018. Metoda kegiatan ini meliputi pemberian penyuluhan tentang teknik budidaya anggrek, demonstrasi dan evaluasi kegiatan menggunakan tanya jawab dan kuisioner. Dari analisis hasil evaluasi, kegiatan ini memberikan peningkatan pengetahuan dan motivasi dalam melakukan budidaya anggrek. Di samping itu, hasil rangkuman dari kuisioner pada peserta kegiatan memberikan gambaran bahwa metoda presentasi dengan menggunakan slide PowerPoint disertai dengan demonstrasi sepenuhnya mampu menjembatani transfer pengetahuan mengenai teknik budidaya anggrek. Lebih jauh lagi, peserta menyatakan minat yang sangat tinggi untuk membudidayakan anggrek pada skala rumah tangga sembari meminta disertai dengan pembinaan lebih lanjut dan berkala.
DISEMINASI TEKNOLOGI PAKAN BUATAN ALTERNATIF UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA IKAN GURAME INTENSIF DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS PERIKANAN DI KELURAHAN LIMAU MANIS KECAMATAN PAUH KOTA PADANG Efrizal Efrizal; Nurmiati Nurmiati; Chairul Chairul; Anthoni Agustien; Suwirmen Suwirmen; Rusnam Rusnam; Deswati Deswati
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v3i1.347

Abstract

Lecturer and community based science and technology activities (IbDM) were carried out with the aim of disseminating technology for Gurame culture intensively in an effort to increase fisheries productivity in Limau Manis, Pauh Subdistrict, Padang City and increase the knowledge and skills of fish farmers (community) in Koto Tangah Village in the field of Gurame fish maintenance business in West Sumatra, so that they are expected to be able to carry out maintenance in a good / environmentally friendly manner. Besides this IbDM activities are also expected to be able to reduce operational costs in maintaining Nirwana Tilapia and in the end can increase the income of the farmers (community) of Limau Manis Village through the development of sustainable fish farming. To achieve optimal technology dissemination results, the main target of IbDM in Pauh Subdistrict is fish farmer groups and community leaders / leaders of Limau Manis Village who are expected to be able to motivate farmers to socialize the method of making alternative formula feeds for intensive development of Nirwana Tilapia aquaculture and environmentally friendly. The methods used in this activity are (1) counseling, with the main material: (a) providing knowledge of various kinds of raw materials that can be used for fish food, (b) providing knowledge about the preparation of artificial food formulas / compositions, ( c) provide knowledge about the process of making artificial food (d) increase public knowledge about how to store pellets that are good to be more durable and (e) provision of material on testing the quality of feed, both physically, chemically and biologically; and (2) Intensive demonstration of making alternative pellet feeds for Nirwana Tilapia aquaculture. From the results of the IbDM activity, it was found that the knowledge and skills of farmer groups in Limau Manis Sub-district, Kec. Pauh, Padang before the IbDM activities were carried out was still very low. However, the motivation or desire of the community of IbDM partner farmer groups to carry out the culture or maintenance of fish is very large. This can be seen from the desire of the IbDM partner farmer group to master the technology of making fish feed from the results of leaf waste and taro stems which are processed into flour relatively high. Furthermore, the results of IbDM activities in the community can increase the knowledge and skills of the community in finding alternative feed for fish feed so that culture activities can run well in IbDM partner areas. In order for aquaculture to run well in partner areas of IbDM, it is necessary to carry out IbDM activities continuously on the techniques of making alternative fish pellets and efficient and effective fish-raising techniques. Besides that, it needs financial support or credit by the authorities to the community or fish farmers for capital to develop their businesses.
DISEMINASI TEKNOLOGI FORMULATED DIET ALTERNATIF DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA INTENSIF DI KOTA PADANG Efrizal Efrizal; Nurmiati Nurmiati; Chairul Chairul; Anthoni Agustien; Zuhri Syam; Suwirmen Suwirmen; Rusnam Rusnam; Deswati Deswati
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v4i4.534

Abstract

Fish cultivators generally experience difficulties providing quality artificial feed (pellets) due to a lack of knowledge and skills in processing technology and making alternative feeds. Besides that, the costs incurred for feed procurement are relatively large, reaching 70 - 80% of the total production costs. However, the provision of feed is often an obstacle because, in addition to the increasingly high price, the quality of available feed does not always match the nutritional needs needed by Fish. The provision of quality feed for intensively cultivated tilapia dramatically affects the resulting growth and productivity. The higher the quality of the feed, the production will also increase. One of the technologies that can be applied to overcome this problem is the manufacture of alternative formulated diets using local raw materials. The method used in this service activity is the transfer of knowledge presented in the socialization activities in the form of 1) introduction to the types of alternative fish feed ingredients sourced from the area, (2) preparation of artificial tilapia feed formulations, (3) manufacturing technology artificial feed (pellets) and 4) monitoring and assistance. The socialization was carried out in the form of a lecture and was followed by a question and answer session. The results of farmer activities recognize the types of local feed that can be used as fish feed, know the preparation of feed formulations, and alternative artificial feed manufacturing technologies. The knowledge and skills possessed by fish cultivators are expected to overcome the difficulties of fish farmers in providing feed so that fish production and cultivation business increase.
Pengaruh Pemberian Nanopartikel TiO₂ pada Berbagai Konsentrasi terhadap Perubahan Morfologi dan Biomassa Kalus Ginseng Jawa (Talinum paniculatum) secara In Vitro Zakiy Maulana; Zozy Aneloi Noli; Suwirmen; Syifa Fajrisani; Suci Indah Putri
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 13 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v13i4.18160

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticle concentrations on the characteristics of Talinum paniculatum (Java ginseng) callus. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with six TiO₂ concentration treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ppm) over a 14-day incubation period. The observed parameters included callus morphology (color and texture), fresh weight, and dry weight. Fresh and dry weight data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT), while callus color and texture were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the addition of TiO₂ nanoparticles induced changes in callus color ranging from yellow to yellow-reddish, and the resulting callus exhibited a compact texture. TiO₂ nanoparticles up to a concentration of 5 ppm did not show negative effects on either fresh or dry callus weight. These findings indicate that TiO₂ nanoparticles at the tested concentrations play a role in modifying the visual characteristics of callus without affecting biomass accumulation. Therefore, TiO₂ nanoparticles have potential application in enhancing secondary metabolite production.
PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH KULIT JERUK (Citrus nobilis Lour.) SEBAGAI ECO ENZYME (EE) DI DESA KOLOK NAN TUO, KECAMATAN BARANGIN, SAWAHLUNTO Solfiyeni Solfiyeni; Mairawita Mairawita; Mildawati Mildawati; Chairul Chairul; Suwirmen Suwirmen; Aldi Yulianda; Kasman Karimi; Tibrani Tibrani
Jurnal Abdi Inovatif : Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Abdi Inovatif : Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jai.v2i2.596

Abstract

Recently, environmental problems have become a significant concern throughout the world. One of the most pressing issues is effective and sustainable waste management. In connection with this issue, community service activities have been carried out with the title efforts to use orange peel waste as an Eco enzyme, one of the efforts to utilize household organic waste. Kolok Nan Tuo Village is one of the villages that have orange crop commodities. So far, people must learn how to manage orange peel waste so it only becomes waste in the surrounding environment. The use of enzymes in organic waste processing has been widely researched. Eco enzyme, namely an enzyme developed with an environmentally friendly approach. This activity aims to inform the public about the impact of unmanaged organic waste (organic waste), the benefits and advantages of using Eco enzyme, how to make the Eco enzyme, and practice how to make Eco enzyme from orange peel waste. The methods used in this activity are the literature study, survey, counseling, and direct practice on making Citrus nobilis Lour Eco enzyme. The community was enthusiastic about this activity, as shown by the many questions and the desire to participate in direct practice in making Eco enzymes. Keywords: Eco enzyme, Kolok Nan Tuo Village, Orange Peel Abstrak Akhir-akhir ini masalah lingkungan menjadi perhatian utama di seluruh penjuru dunia. Salah satu isu yang paling mendesak adalah pengelolaan limbah yang efektif dan berkelanjutan. Berkaitan dengan isu ini, maka telah dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan judul upaya pemanfaatan sampah kulit jeruk sebagai eco enzyme, yang merupakan salah satu upaya pemanfaatan sampah organik rumah tangga. Desa Kolok Nan Tuo adalah salah satu desa yang memiliki komoditas tanaman jeruk. Selama ini masyarakat belum mengenal cara pengelolaan sampah kulit jeruk, sehingga hanya menjadi limbah di lingkungan sekitarnya. Penggunaan enzim dalam proses pengolahan sampah organik telah banyak diteliti. eco enzyme, yaitu enzim yang dikembangkan dengan pendekatan ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai dampak limbah organik (sampah organik) yang tidak dikelola, manfaat dan keuntungan dari penggunaan eco enzyme, cara pembuatan eco enzyme serta praktik cara pembuatan eco enzyme dari limbah kulit buah jeruk. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah metode studi pustaka, metode survei, metode penyuluhan, dan praktik langsung cara pembuatan eco enzyme Citrus nobilis Lour. Masyarakat sangat antusias dengan kegiatan ini yang ditunjukkan dengan banyaknya pertanyaan dan keinginan untuk ikut praktek langsung dalam pembuatan eco enzyme. Kata kunci: Eco enzyme, Desa Kolok Nan Tuo, Kulit Jeruk
Co-Authors - Zulhilmi Agusti Apriliani Akhyar Salim Aldi Yulianda Amanda Nurhafitri Anisa Rahman Rusiati Anisa Rahman Rusiati Anita Sari Anita Tri Astuti Anthoni Agustien Anthonie Agustien Asih Maharani Aulya, Nailul Rahmi Ayola Pajrita Ayu Utami Rezki Ayumi Rizci Puspita Ayumi Rizci Puspita Azharia Khalida Chairul Chairul Chairul Cleopatra Deswati Deswati Detty Intan Sari, Detty Intan Dezi Meutya Dapersal Dina Hayati Putri Djong Hon Tjong Efrizal Efrizal Efrizal Efrizal Elfans Bawalsyah S.A. Elvina Sari Emelta, Citra Endah Mutia Sari Erni Febriyanti Erni Febriyanti Fepi Dwi Marta Ferry Lismanto Syaiful Feskaharny Alamsjah Fira Julia Putri Gian Wulandari Hanifah - Aini Henny Herwina Hesti Dwi Marcellinna Husri Meli Iga Permata Hany Ilham, Kurniadi Ivo Octaviani Izmiarti Izmiarti, Izmiarti Janra, Muhammad Nazri Jelita Putri Adisti Julita Julita Kasman Karimi Kiki Ayunda Putri Kurniadi Ilham M. Idris M. Idris Mairawita, Mairawita Mansyurdin Marta, Fepi Dwi Mayola Arda Media Media Mellanie Alia Putri Mildawati Mildawati Millania Putri Shayen Millania Putri Shayen Nasril Nasir Nasril Nasir Naura Muthiah Arli Nazhira - Fadhilah Netty W Surya Novia Rika Deli Nurmiati Nurmiati Nurmiati Nurmiati Nurmiati, N Putri Aliyyanti Putri, Shintiya Rahmadhani Rahima Taher Rahmayati, Riesca Salsabilah Rahmi Rini Dwi Putri Resti Rahayu Reza Oktavia Ridha Permata Sari Riesca Salsabilah Rahmayati Rio Febrianto Riska Rizqa Zidna Chairafahmi Rusnam Rusnam Shayen, Millania Putri Sherin Dien Salsabila Solfiyeni Solfiyeni Suci Indah Putri Suci Rahmadani Putri Syamsuardi Syamsuardi Syifa Fajrisani Tesri Maideliza Tesri Maideliza Tibrani Tibrani Titiek Rukmini Tressa Pratywi Gupitasari Wenny Rahma Gusni Winny Rabbial Firsti Aswendri Yella Prastika Yuda Yossi Eka Saputri Zakaria, Indra Junadi Zakiy Maulana Zozi Aneloi Noli Zozy Aneloi Noli Zuhri Syam Zuhri Syam Zuhri Syam