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Nitrogen and Phosphorous Movement Characteristic in Terrace Paddy Field Using Cascade Irrigation System in West Sumatra, Indonesia . Darmawan; Syafrimen Yasin; Tsugiyuki Masunaga
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 16, No 2: May 2011
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2011.v16i2.129-138

West Sumatra is one of Indonesian rice bowl. The landscape of this province dominated by mountainous area with beautiful terrace paddy field lied from the middle slope to the lowland. The most common rice cultivation management in this area is application of cascade irrigation system with blanked amount of chemical fertilizer application. This study intends to figure out, whether this kind of paddy field management sustains and friendly to the environment or not. The results showed that cascade irrigation system created some discrepancies in suspended solid (SS), dissolve organic matter (DOM) and the nutrient movement characteristic a long the slope. The SS and DOM load and discharge strongly influenced by land preparation activities, while total and available nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) affected by chemical fertilizer application. In the upper part, the amount of chemical fertilizer seemed sufficient, indicated by negative amount of nutrient balance, while lower terrace show some indication of excess nutrient input. To avoid some demerit of cascade irrigation system, chemical fertilizer application should be base on site specific characteristic and taking into account of natural source contribution.Keywords: Cascade irrigation, chemical fertilizer, nutrient balance, terrace paddy field

Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia Syafrimen Yasin; . Adrinal; . Junaidi; Erick Wahyudi; Silvia Herlena; . Darmawan
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 15, No 3: September 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i3.221-227

Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia (S Yasin, Adrinal, Junaidi, E Wahyudi, S Herlena and Darmawan): Although rubber has been planted in Indonesia from Holland era, but there is little information about the effect of rubber plantation on the rate of land degradation in Indonesia. In order to examine the effect of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliansis) ages on land degradation status, a series experiment was done in Dhamasraya district as the main contributor of natural rubber in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Study site divide into forest (A), crab grass (B), and rubber plantation with ages ranged from 1 (C), 5 (D), 10 (E), 15 (F) and 20 (G) years were selected as study sites and soil samples had been taken from each site, where forest soil was used as a control. The result proved that the age of rubber tree has strongly affected physical and chemical properties of soil. Organic carbon and total nitrogen content decreased from 3.02%, 2.66%, 1.96%, in site A, B and C, and then increased to 2.33% and 2.49% in site D and E, respectively. This result was opposed with bulk density (BD) value of each site. The highest BD found in site C (1.26 g cm-3), followed by site D, E, B and A with 1.24, 1.14, 1.12 and 0.88 g cm-3, respectively. The similar pattern was also found for selected chemical properties of soil. Soil pH, available phosphorous, exchangeable base cations, cation exchange capacity and base saturation was likely to decrease from 1 to 10 years old plantation and then increased close the natural condition (reflected by forest soil) at 20 years old rubber tree. Since most of plantation was conversed from natural forest, this phenomenon might be because of contribution of organic matter from original condition and addition of fertilizer at the beginning of plantation establishment.

Application of Rice Straw and Tithonia for Increasing Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Paddy Soil . Gusnidar; Syafrimen Yasin; . Burbey; . Yulnafatmawita; Sulaiman Saleh; Rantau Andhika
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 17, No 2: May 2012
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2012.v17i2.151-156

The research was aimed to obtain a combination of rice straw (S) and tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) (T) to increasechemical fertilizers use efficiency (FUE) on paddy soil which was conducted in Sicincin, Padang Pariaman Regencyin 2008. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments (A= recommendation input: 200 kg Urea ha-1 (Ru) + 100 kg SP-36ha-1 (Rp) + 75 kg KCl ha-1 (Rk)), B = Ru + 2Rp, C = 2.5 Mg Tithonia (T) ha-1 + 75% Ru+10 kg SP36 ha-1 as a starter Pfertilizer (P-s), D = T + 75% Ru, E = 5 Mg Rice Straw (S) ha-1 (Sr) + Ru + Rp + Rk, F = Sr + Ru + P-s, G = T + 0.5Sr + 75%Ru + P-s, H = T + 0.5S + 50% Ru + P-s) with three replications. The treatments were randomly allocated in each blockRandomized Block Design (RBD). The results showed that application of fresh organic matter (OM) from tithonia +75% recommended Urea without KCl and P-starter addition on intensification rice field increased synthetic FUE onpaddy soil. Application of tithonia for 2.5 Mg ha-1 + 75% of recommended Urea (150 kg Urea), without synthetic Pand K fertilizers seemed to be the best treatment to get the highest yield (8.08 Mg Harvested Dry Seed (HDS) ha-1(= 7.05 Mg Milled Dry Seed (MDS) ha-1) of rice, then it was followed by the treatment based on farmer tradition inputwith the yield was 7.25 Mg HDS ha-1 (= 6.41 Mg MDS ha-1). The use of fresh tithonia as much as 2.5 Mg ha-1 basedon its dry weight could be considered as an alternative fertilizer for rice crops in intensification rice field.[How to Cite: Gusnidar, S Yasin, Burbey, Yulnafatmawita, S Saleh and R Andhika. 2012. Application of Rice Straw and Tithonia for Increasing Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Paddy Soil. J Trop Soils 17 (2) : 151-156. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.151] [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.151]

Role of Rice Husk Biochar in Improving Soil Physical Properties of ex Gold-Mined Soil Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Syafrimen Yasin; Lusi Maira
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 28, No 3: September 2023
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2023.v28i3.127-133

Mining causes destructive soil properties, especially soil texture, water retention, and transmission. Applying biochar is the best way to improve soil physical properties. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of biochar on soil physical properties based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replicates. The research comprised six treatments (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 t biochar ha-1). The results showed that the ex-gold-mined soil had coarse soil texture (sandy loam), high Bulk Density (BD) (1.43 g cm-3), low Total Soil Pores (TSP) (46.45%), low soil organic matter (SOM) content (1.27 %), very fast hydraulic conductivity (198.8 cm h-1). After biochar incubation, SOM increased (to 3.11%), soil BD decreased (to 1.16 g cm-3), TSP increased (to 54.17 %), water retention increased (at pF 1.0, 2.0, 2.54, and 4.2), plant available water (PAW) increased (into 8.33 %), and hydraulic conductivity decreased (into 24.70 cm h-1). However, applying 20 t biochar ha-1 still needs to bring the soil physical properties of the ex-gold-mined soil back into suitable soil for farming land.

Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia Yasin, Syafrimen; Adrinal, .; Junaidi, .; Wahyudi, Erick; Herlena, Silvia; Darmawan, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 15 No. 3: September 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i3.221-227

Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia (S Yasin, Adrinal, Junaidi, E Wahyudi, S Herlena and Darmawan): Although rubber has been planted in Indonesia from Holland era, but there is little information about the effect of rubber plantation on the rate of land degradation in Indonesia.Â In order to examine the effect of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliansis) ages on land degradation status, a series experiment was done in Dhamasraya district as the main contributor of natural rubber in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Study site divideÂ into forest (A), crab grass (B), and rubber plantation with ages ranged from 1 (C), 5 (D), 10 (E), 15 (F) and 20 (G) years were selected as study sites and soil samples had been taken from each site, where forest soilÂ was used as a control. The result proved that the age of rubber tree has strongly affected physical and chemical properties of soil. Organic carbon and total nitrogen content decreased from 3.02%, 2.66%, 1.96%, in site A, B and C, and then increased to 2.33% and 2.49% in site D and E, respectively. This result was opposed with bulk density (BD) value of each site. The highest BD found in site C (1.26 g cm-3), followed by site D, E, B and A with 1.24, 1.14, 1.12 and 0.88 g cm-3, respectively. The similar pattern was also found for selected chemical properties of soil. Soil pH, available phosphorous, exchangeable base cations, cation exchange capacity and base saturation was likely to decrease from 1 to 10 years old plantation and then increased close the natural condition (reflected by forest soil) at 20 years old rubber tree. Since most of plantation was conversed from natural forest, this phenomenon might be because of contribution of organic matter from original condition and addition of fertilizer at the beginning of plantation establishment.

Nitrogen and Phosphorous Movement Characteristic in Terrace Paddy Field Using Cascade Irrigation System in West Sumatra, Indonesia Darmawan, .; Yasin, Syafrimen; Masunaga, Tsugiyuki
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 16 No. 2: May 2011
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2011.v16i2.129-138

West Sumatra is one of Indonesian rice bowl. The landscape of this province dominated by mountainous area with beautiful terrace paddy field lied from the middle slope to the lowland. The most common rice cultivation management in this area is application of cascade irrigation system with blanked amount of chemical fertilizer application. This study intends to figure out, whether this kind of paddy field management sustains and friendly to the environment or not. The results showed that cascade irrigation system created some discrepancies in suspended solid (SS), dissolve organic matter (DOM) and the nutrient movement characteristic a long the slope. The SS and DOM load and discharge strongly influenced by land preparation activities, while total and available nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) affected by chemical fertilizer application. In the upper part, the amount of chemical fertilizer seemed sufficient, indicated by negative amount of nutrient balance, while lower terrace show some indication of excess nutrient input. To avoid some demerit of cascade irrigation system, chemical fertilizer application should be base on site specific characteristic and taking into account of natural source contribution.Keywords: Cascade irrigation, chemical fertilizer, nutrient balance, terrace paddy field

Application of Rice Straw and Tithonia for Increasing Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Paddy Soil Gusnidar, .; Yasin, Syafrimen; Burbey, .; Yulnafatmawita, .; Saleh, Sulaiman; Andhika, Rantau
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 17 No. 2: May 2012
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2012.v17i2.151-156

The research was aimed to obtain a combination of rice straw (S) and tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) (T) to increasechemical fertilizers use efficiency (FUE) on paddy soil which was conducted in Sicincin, Padang Pariaman Regencyin 2008. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments (A= recommendation input: 200 kg Urea ha-1 (Ru) + 100 kg SP-36ha-1 (Rp) + 75 kg KCl ha-1 (Rk)), B = Ru + 2Rp, C = 2.5 Mg Tithonia (T) ha-1 + 75% Ru+10 kg SP36 ha-1 as a starter Pfertilizer (P-s), D = T + 75% Ru, E = 5 Mg Rice Straw (S) ha-1 (Sr) + Ru + Rp + Rk, F = Sr + Ru + P-s, G = T + 0.5Sr + 75%Ru + P-s, H = T + 0.5S + 50% Ru + P-s) with three replications. The treatments were randomly allocated in each blockRandomized Block Design (RBD). The results showed that application of fresh organic matter (OM) from tithonia +75% recommended Urea without KCl and P-starter addition on intensification rice field increased synthetic FUE onpaddy soil. Application of tithonia for 2.5 Mg ha-1 + 75% of recommended Urea (150 kg Urea), without synthetic Pand K fertilizers seemed to be the best treatment to get the highest yield (8.08 Mg Harvested Dry Seed (HDS) ha-1(= 7.05 Mg Milled Dry Seed (MDS) ha-1) of rice, then it was followed by the treatment based on farmer tradition inputwith the yield was 7.25 Mg HDS ha-1 (= 6.41 Mg MDS ha-1). The use of fresh tithonia as much as 2.5 Mg ha-1 basedon its dry weight could be considered as an alternative fertilizer for rice crops in intensification rice field.[How to Cite: Gusnidar, S Yasin, Burbey, Yulnafatmawita, S Saleh and R Andhika. 2012. Application of Rice Straw and Tithonia for Increasing Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Paddy Soil. J Trop Soils 17 (2) : 151-156. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.151]Â [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.151]

Role of Rice Husk Biochar in Improving Soil Physical Properties of ex Gold-Mined Soil Yulnafatmawita, Yulnafatmawita; Yasin, Syafrimen; Maira, Lusi
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 28 No. 3: September 2023
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2023.v28i3.127-133

Mining causes destructive soil properties, especially soil texture, water retention, and transmission. Applying biochar is the best way to improve soil physical properties. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of biochar on soil physical properties based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replicates. The research comprised six treatments (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 t biochar ha-1). The results showed that the ex-gold-mined soil had coarse soil texture (sandy loam), high Bulk Density (BD) (1.43 g cm-3), low Total Soil Pores (TSP) (46.45%), low soil organic matter (SOM) content (1.27 %), very fast hydraulic conductivity (198.8 cm h-1). After biochar incubation, SOM increased (to 3.11%), soil BD decreased (to 1.16 g cm-3), TSP increased (to 54.17 %), water retention increased (at pF 1.0, 2.0, 2.54, and 4.2), plant available water (PAW) increased (into 8.33 %), and hydraulic conductivity decreased (into 24.70 cm h-1). However, applying 20 t biochar ha-1 still needs to bring the soil physical properties of the ex-gold-mined soil back into suitable soil for farming land.

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