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Optimasi Sistem Penunjang Keputusan untuk Pemeliharaan Mesin Produksi Benih Padi di PT Sang Hyang Seri Endah Prahmawati; Setyo Pertiwi; Wawan Hermawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1730.175 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.115-122

Abstract

AbstractMachinery maintenance activities conducted at Sang Hyang Seri Company are corrective maintenance, that means the maintenance is unscheduled and done reactively function of machine impaired. Impact of corrective maintenance varies greatly, among others are demaging the produced seed, stopping the operation under certain damage, and a lot of unscheduled downtime. Therefore, it is necessary to design a maintenance schedule based on the optimization of service life with maintenance costs required. The objective of this research was to design a decision support system which able to regulate the maintenance activities, and analyzed the maintenance costs as a result of the system implementation. Database used includes list of production machines, machine parts, history of machine condition, history of machine damage, history of machine replacement, daily mechanical record, daily seed production, and price of component. This research was conducted following the principles of System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) i.e. stage of system investigation, system analysis, system design and development, and system implementation. The databased was formed with Microsoft Access 2003 and the application was created with Visual Basic 6.0, while the report with Crystal Report. For model base used in decision support systems time and component replacement optimization. The output of the system was a form schedule 4 monthly activity. Cost analysis performed on 10 components from total 294 components in 3 year cycle obtained by machine maintenance cost reduction of 54.5%.AbstrakKegiatan pemeliharaan mesin di PT Sang Hyang Seri dilakukan secara korektif, yakni pemeliharaan tidak terjadwal yang dilakukan karena mesin mengalami gangguan fungsional. Dampak dari pemeliharaan korektif antara lain adanya kerusakan benih yang dihasilkan dan terhentinya operasi pada kondisi kerusakan tertentu, serta menimbulkan banyak downtime yang tidak terjadwal. Oleh karena itu, perlu dirancang jadwal pemeliharaan berdasarkan optimasi umur pakai dan biaya pemeliharaan yang dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun sistem penunjang keputusan yang mampu mengatur kegiatan pemeliharaan mesin secara berkala serta melakukan analisa biaya pemeliharaan sebagai dampak dari penerapan sistem tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan mengikuti prinsip System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) yakni tahapinvestigasi sistem, analisa sistem, desain dan pengembangan sistem, dan implementasi sistem. Basis data yang digunakan meliputi basis data daftar mesin produksi, komponen mesin, riwayat kondisi mesin, catatan kegiatan harian mekanik, data produksi benih harian, dan harga komponen mesin. Basis model yang digunakan dalam sistem ini yakni optimasi waktu dan biaya penggantian komponen. Hasil luaran dari sistem berupa jadwal kegiatan setiap periode 4 bulanan. Analisa biaya dilakukan terhadap 10 komponen dari total 294 komponen dalam siklus 3 tahunan diperoleh reduksi biaya pemeliharaan mesin sebesar 54.5%.
Desain dan Kinerja Mesin Pemupuk Tipe Auger Bertenaga Traktor Tangan untuk Tanaman Kedelai Diang Sagita; Wawan Hermawan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2318.894 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.187-194

Abstract

AbstractThe prototype of auger type fertilizer applicator powered by hand tractor has been developed. It was constructed for four planting rows of soybean in one pass. The four fertilizer applicator units were rotated by utilizing the tractor wheel axle rotation. The auger of the metering device was divided into 3 sections of auger pitch (15, 20 and 25 mm) due to the applicator could be changed the application rate. Each auger pitch represented application rate about 150 kg/ha (6 g/m), 200 kg/ha (8 g/m) and 250 kg/ha (10 g/m) respectively. The objective of this study was to develop and to conduct performance test of auger type fertilizer applicator for four planting rows of soybean that could be changed the dose. The result of stationary tests shows that the average dose for each pitch were 7.42, 9.58 and 11.60 g/auger rotation respectively at 1800 rpm (18 rpm auger) engine speed and 7.88, 9.53 and 11.49 g/auger rotation resvectively at 2000 rpm (20 rpm auger). The field test showed the result for each auger pitch were 5.91, 8.46 and 10.08 g/m respectively. These results indicated that the applicator was able to allocate fertilizer evenly with high accuracy (the error was less than 8%). The field test showed that effective field capacity was 0.137 ha/hour and efficiency was 73.7%.AbstrakPrototipe unit pemupuk tipe auger bertenaga traktor tangan untuk tanaman kedelai telah berhasil dikembangkan. Prototipe ini dibuat untuk pemupukan empat alur tanam dalam satu lintasan. Empat unit penjatah pupuk digerakkan dengan memanfaatkan putaran dari poros roda traktor. Poros auger dari metering device pupuk dibagi menjadi 3 ukuran jarak pitch yaitu 15, 20 dan 25 mm agar dosis pupuk dapatdiatur. Setiap jarak pitch auger mewakili dosis pemupukan berturut-turut 150 kg/ha (6 g/m), 200 kg/ha (8g/m), and 250 kg/ha (10 g/m). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan dan menguji kinerja dari unit pemupuk kedelai empat alur tanam yang dapat diubah dosis pemupukannya. Hasil pengujian stasioner menunjukkan nilai penjatahan pupuk untuk tiap pitch berturut-turut adalah 7.42, 9.58 and 11.60 g/putaran auger saat pengujian dengan kecepatan putar engine 1800 rpm (18 rpm auger) dan 7.88, 9.53 and 11.49 g/putaran auger saat diuji pada 2000 rpm (20 rpm auger). Sementara pengujian di lahan berturutturut untuk setiap pitch adalah 5.91, 8.46 dan 10.08 g/m. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa unit pemupuktelah mampu menjatah pupuk secara merata dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi (error kurang dari 8%).Kapasitas lapangan efektif mesin mencapai 0.137 ha/jam dan efisiensi lapangan sebesar 73.7%.
Evaluasi Konsep Tiga Model Pemisah Biji dan Daging Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Rosyid Ridho; Wawan Hermawan; Usman Ahmad
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2260.814 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.217-224

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AbstractSeparation of seeds and pulp of mangosteen fruit is still done manually. Separation of seeds and pulp in general has not been done mechanically and systematically. In fact, if it is reviewed further, there needs to be a system of seed and pulp separation so as to produce mangosteen juice that can be consumed and have high economic value. Seed and fruit separation machines have been developed. But the product quantity is low and the quality of pulp is below standard. The purpose of this research is 1) to obtain optimal machine design to separate pulp and mangosteen seeds, 2) to analyze the performance of various mechanisms of seed separation and pulp of mangosteen fruit. The research procedure includes physical identification and characteristics of mangosteen, conceptualization, evaluation, and optimization, analysis, engineering design, manufacture, and testing. There are three mechanisms studied to separate the seeds and pulp of the mangosteen fruit, 1) the horizontal cylinder mechanism with a rotating brush, 2) the vertical cylinder mechanism with a rotating brush, 3) vertical cylinder with a stationary brush. Based on the test results from the three models it is found that the best mechanism that is feasible to be developed for the prototype is a horizontal cylinder mechanism with a rotating brush. The quality value of the separation as measured using the chromamometer obtained ΔE value of -2.8. In the process of separation is not obtained seeds.AbstrakPemisahan biji dan daging buah manggis saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual. Pemisahan biji dan daging buah secara umum belum dilakukan secara mekanis dan sistematis. Padahal jika ditinjau lebih lanjut, perlu adanya sistem pemisahan biji dan daging buah sehingga menghasilkan sari buah manggis yang dapat dikonsumsi dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Mesin pemisahan biji dan daging buah telah dikembangkan. Namun kuantitas produknya rendah dan kualitas daging buah di bawah standar. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah 1) mendapatkan desain mesin yang optimal untuk memisahkan daging buah dan biji manggis, 2) menganalisis kinerja berbagai mekanisme pemisahan biji dan daging buah manggis. Prosedur penelitian meliputi identifikasi fisik dan karakteristik buah manggis, konseptualisasi, evaluasi, dan optimasi, analisis, desain teknik, pembuatan, dan pengujian. Ada tiga mekanisme yang dipelajari untuk memisahkan biji dan daging buah manggis, 1) mekanisme silinder horizontal dengan sikat berputar, 2) mekanisme silinder vertikal dengan sikat berputar, 3) silinder vertikal dengan sikat stasioner. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dari ketiga model tersebut didapatkan bahwa mekanisme terbaik yang layak dikembangkan untuk prototipe adalah mekanisme silinder horizontal dengan sudu sikat berputar. Nilai kualitas dari hasil pemisahan yang diukur menggunakan chromamometer didapatkan nilai ΔE sebesar -2.8. Pada proses pemisahan tidak didapatkan biji pecah belah.
Kinerja Roda Besi Bersirip Multi-Angle untuk Lahan Sawah Terasering Irwin Syahri Cebro; Tineke Mandang; Wawan Hermawan; Desrial Desrial
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2148.951 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.195-202

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AbstractThe paddy plots in upland area have fairly steep embankments between plots. This condition causes a hand tractor difficult to move from one plot to another. The objective of this research was to design and test a lug wheel equipped with a multi-angle lug mechanism for slope climbing using a hand tractor. The lug plates of the wheel can be rotated using a mechanism, so that the lug angle can be set at 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, and -15°. Traction performance tests of the prototype wheel were conducted on slope tracks of 15o, 30o and 45o angle. Tractor velocity, torque of wheel shaft, wheel rotational speed and wheel sinkage were measured using corresponding sensors and recorded during the performance test. The test result on 45o slope show that lug wheel with lug angle of -15o produced the highest traction efficiency (93.83%). For climbing the slopes, lug wheel with a smaller lug angle (0o and -15o) produced a higher traction efficiency and a smaller wheel slip than that of using a higher lug angle. The multi-angle lug wheel with a small lug angle had a better slope climbing performance than that of the conventional fixed lug wheel.AbstrakPematang sawah di daerah dataran tinggi memiliki tanggul antara petakan yang cukup curam. Kondisi ini membuat traktor tangan sulit untuk berpindah dari satu petakan ke petakan lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendesain dan menguji sirip roda yang dilengkapi mekanisme sirip multi-angle untuk pendakian lereng dengan menggunakan traktor tangan. Pelat sirip dari roda dapat diputar dengan menggunakan mekanisme, sehingga sudut sudut dapat diatur pada 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, dan -15°. Uji kinerja traksi prototipe roda dilakukan pada lintasan miring dengan sudut kemiringan 15o, 30o dan 45o. Kecepatan traktor, torsi poros roda, kecepatan putaran roda dan roda sinkage diukur dengan menggunakan sensor yang sesuai dan dicatat selama pengujian kinerja. Hasil pengujian pada kemiringan 45o menunjukkan bahwa roda pengangkut dengan sudut sirip -15o menghasilkan efisiensi traksi tertinggi (93.83%). Pada pendakian lereng, sirip roda dengan sudut sirip yang lebih kecil (0o dan -15o) menghasilkan efisiensi traksi yang lebih tinggi dan slip roda yang lebih rendah daripada sudut sirip yang lebih besar. Roda besi bersirip multi-angle dengan sudut sirip kecil memiliki kinerja pendakian lereng yang lebih baik daripada roda besi bersirip konvensional.
Evaluasi Konsep Desain dan Kinerja Ditcher untuk Pembuatan Parit pada Budidaya Kedelai Azmi Asyidda Mushoffa; Wawan Hermawan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2433.282 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.157-164

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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the design concept and performance of the ditcher that has been designed for soybean cultivation on saturated soil culture. The design concept evaluation was done by experiment on 3 types of prototype ditcher to determine one of the best ditcher design concept. It was selected by a technique weighted performance method. The performance test on the best ditcher prototype was carried out in a field with silty loam soil at average moisture content 65.4% (dry basis) and 470 kPa average cone index. The last crop in the field was rice. The plastic limit and plasticity index of the soil were 34.05% and 19.80% respectively. Depths of operation considered were 20 cm. Tests were conducted at average forward speeds of 0.51 m/s resulting 28.7% average wheel slip. Theoretical field capacity was 0.74 ha/h. The average width and depth of the ditch that was formed were 32.6 cm and 18.3 cm respectively. The soil disturbance created as a result was also reported.AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi konsep desain dan kinerja ditcher untuk pembuatan parit pada budidaya kedelai jenuh air. Evaluasi konsep desain dilakukan dengan percobaaan pada 3 jenis prototipe ditcher untuk menentukan satu konsep desain ditcher terbaik. Desain terbaik dipilih dengan metode indeks kinerja berbobot. Uji kinerja prototipe ditcher terbaik dilakukan di lahan sawah bekas panen padi dengankelas tekstur tanah liat berdebu, kadar air rata-rata 65.4% (basis kering) dan tahanan penetrasi rata-rata 470 kPa. Batas plastis dan indeks plastisitas tanah masing-masing adalah 34.05% and 19.80%. Kedalaman operasi dipertahankan pada 20 cm. Slip roda traksi rata-rata yang terjadi 28.7% dengan kecepatan maju rata-rata 0.51 m/s. Kapasitas lapangan teoritis diperoleh 0.74 ha/jam. Lebar dan kedalaman parit yangterbentuk adalah 32.6 cm dan 18.3 cm. Parameter tanah terusik sebagai pengaruh operasi ditcher juga dilaporkan di dalam hasil penelitian ini.
Desain Ergonomis Sistem Penggandengan Trailer pada Traktor Roda Dua Muhammad Dhafir; Tineke Mandang; Wawan Hermawan; Muhammad Faiz Syuaib
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1106.322 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.07.1.99-106

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AbstractThe existing hitch system which pulled trailer on the two-wheel tractor had disadvantages when turning it, the tractor handlebar moved away from operator control, consequently the handlebar position is already beyond the operator control range so the operator had to bend. For a larger radius turning, the operator had to descend from operator seat. The purpose of this study was to design an ergonomic trailer hitching system for Indonesian operator. Prototype tests carried out include performance and functional testing. The pivot type trailer hitching system was the most superiortype compare to the other concept. With the design of this system the operator's position is fixed to the handlebars of the two-wheeled tractor, both in straight and turn operations, so that theoperator can fully control the two-wheeled tractor along with all the control levers. The ideal dimension of the operator seat were seat height of 410 mm, backrest distance of 1700 mm, seat length of 320 mm, and seat width of 300 mm. Two-wheel tractor with pivot type trailer hitching system has a turning radius of 2.18 m - 2.82 m better than existing system of 3.72 m - 4.03 m.AbstrakSistem penggandengan konvensional untuk menarik trailer pada traktor roda dua memiliki kelemahan pada saat berbelok, stang traktor bergerak menjauh dari posisi kendali operator, akibatnya posisi stang sudahberada di luar kendali jangkauan operator sehingga operator harus membungkuk. Untuk belokan dengan sudut yang lebih besar operator harus turun dari tempat duduk operator untuk dapat mengendalikan traktor. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendesain sistem penggandengan trailer yang ergonomis untuk operator Indonesia.Pengujian-pengujian prototipe yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian kinerja dan fungsional. Sistem penggandengan trailer tipe pivot merupakan yang paling unggul dibandingkan dengan konsep-konsep lainnya. Dengan desain sistem ini posisi operator adalah tetap terhadap alat-alat kendali traktor, baik dalam keadaan berjalan lurus maupun berbelok, sehingga operator dapat sepenuhnya mengendalikan traktor roda dua beserta semua tuastuas kendalinya. Dimensi-dimensi ideal tempat duduk operator (seat) adalah tinggi tempat duduk (Td) 410 mm, jarak sandaran duduk (Jd) 1700 mm, panjang tempat duduk (Pd) 320 mm, dan lebar tempat duduk (Ld) 300 mm. Traktor roda dua dengan sistem penggandengan tipe pivot memiliki radius putar 2.18 m – 2.82 m, lebih baik dibandingkan sistem konvensional yaitu 3.72 m – 4.03 m.
Prototype of Corn Thresher Unit for Corn Combine Harvester Diang Sagita; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan; Wawan Hermawan
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 8, No 3 (2019): September
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1297.102 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v8i3.153-163

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One of the ways to support corn production is through technology implementation, but the domestic industries have not attempted to produce technology for harvesting activities especially corn harvesting. This research was carried out to get the best design, prototype and performance of corn thresher unit to be applied to the design of a corn combine harvester. The components consist of threshing cylinders, perforated cages, grain screw conveyors and corn cob entry holes. The research method begins from analyzing (functional and structural designs), designing, testing performance, evaluating and modifying. The performance test was carried out stationary using corn cob raw material. The performance of the thresher unit has been quite good. The results show that the best performance was the prototype with the last modification (C). Threshing efficiency reached 93.75%, percentage of un-threshed kernel was 6.25%, and cleanliness level 90.68%. While threshing capacity was 358.28 kg/hour, which corn cob feeding was carried out by humans with a feeding capacity of 420.05 kg/hour
Pengolahan dan Penjernihan Air dengan Memanfaatkan Media Cangkang Kerang Bulu Yulianto Laksono Putra; Abdul Aziz Abdullah; Wawan Hermawan
Sains dan Matematika Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): April, Sains & Matematika
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Abstract

In Desa Pademonegoro, Kecamatan Sukodono, Sidoarjo the quality of water reservoir consumpted by many people is found to be in a low level and contains unnecessary substances like Mn and Fe. This condition makes water not feasible to consumpt for daily use. This study aimed to manage and purify water by utilizing ark shells freely available in beaches. Ark shells were initially synthesized by coprecipitation techniques using carbon dioxide gas at a pressure of 225 N/cm2, 300N/cm2,or 375 N/cm2 and settling time for 24 hoursor 36 hours. The ark shells were then characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine its CaCO3 content. The ark shells with a high level of CaCO3 were used as a water purifier on the device spesificially designed on purpose and were tested with shell powder thickness with a thickness of 1 cm, 3 cm, or 5 cm and a water reservoir was placed at a position of 1 m or 2 m measured from the ground. The results indicated that the synthesis of ark shell using carbon dioxide at a pressure of 375 N/cm2and settling time for 36 hourshada high level of CaCO3 and thus was used as a water purifier. After purifying, the quality of water is such that it is odorless and tasteless, its color<2 TCU, turbidity of 0.2 NTU, TDS of 200 mg/l, contains Fe 0.08 mg/l, Mn0.03 mg/l, Hg 0.0001mg/l,As<0.005mg/l, pH 7.3, detergent <0.01 mg/l, water hardness of 88.32 mg/land saturation ark shells for 27 weeks. 
KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK FISIK, MEKANIK DAN AERODINAMIK DAUN TEH HASIL PETIKAN YANG TELAH DILAYUKAN Agus Sutejo; Mardjan Suro Sutrisno; Hermawan Wawan; Desrial Desrial
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 9, No 3 (2020): September 2020
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v9i3.171-183

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The design of the wilted tea stalk and leaf separation system aims to improve the quality of the tea produced especially by separating the tea leaves and stalks at the beginning of the process. Stages that are needed to be done include designing a chopper machine that is capable of chopping tea stems and leaves to a certain size and designing stem and leaf separation system with the pneumatic principle with suction. In this study, physical, mechanical and aerodynamic characteristics of tea leaves were measured. The result showed that force to release a leaf is in the range of values between 12.24-16.17 N smaller than the need for the cutting force of the stem and leaves and the greatest difference in force is achieved at a water content between 55 and 58% bb (leaves) and 66-68% bb (stalk). The leaf terminal velocity is <3 m s-1 while the tea terminal velocity is > 9 m s-1. Tea leaf yield value is very important as a reference in testing the performance of tea and tea leaf separator machines where the average leaf yield is 77.33% and the average stem yield is 22.67%. Keywords: characteristic of tea leaves, engineering, separation of tea leaves, withering of tea leaves
Kinerja Mesin Pemisah Potongan Tangkai dan Daun Teh Agus Sutejo; Sutrisno Suro Mardjan; Wawan Hermawan; Desrial Desrial
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 7, No 3 (2018): Desember
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (304.239 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v7i3.160-167

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The quality of dried tea depends on the condition of raw materials and processing methods. The problem in the tea processing is the mixture of pieces of stalks and leaves. This research aims to examine the performance of stalks and leaves machine separator based on the difference of suction velocity and the terminal velocity of the material. The separator was designed according to the physical and aerodynamic properties of tea leaves. The performance of the separator was done by calculating the separating efficiency of five combined treatments (P, P1a, P1b, P0a, and P0b) and calculating the separating capacity with three feeding treatments (0.4 kg/sec, 0.5 kg/sec, and 0.6 kg/sec). Physical property observation of the tea leaves obtained an average mass 0.143 kg/m² which means the theoretical suction pressure needed is about 1.4 Pa. The actual terminal velocity measured as 7.5 m/sec for the stalk pieces and 3.0 m/sec for the leaf pieces. The optimum separating efficiency was obtained at P treatment, it was about 97.6 %, with average suction ir velocity 3.15 m/s. Optimum separating capacity was obtained about 354.29 kg/hour.