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Pengaruh Midazolam Dosis 10 mg/kgbb dan 40 mg/kgbb pada Ekspresi m-RNA Gen BAX di Otak Tikus Wistar Irawan, Tony; Sudadi; Sari, Djayanti
Jurnal Komplikasi Anestesi Vol 7 No 1 (2019): Volume 7 Number 1 (2019)
Publisher : This journal is published by the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy of Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, in collaboration with the Indonesian Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy , Yogyakarta Special Region Br

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jka.v7i1.7391

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Latar Belakang: Neurotransmiter GABA dan NMDA berperan penting pada sel otak yang masih mengalami perkembangan saraf. Secara umum, agen anestesi bekerja pada kedua neurotransmiter tersebut. Midazolam menghambat neurotransmisi dengan cara potensiasi reseptor GABA. Paparan pada reseptor GABA mengganggu perkembangan sel saraf dan memicu terjadinya proses apoptosis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan gen pro apotosis seperti Bax, Bak dan Bim.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian experimental control trial, sampel dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok. 27 tikus dibagi menjadi kontrol NaCl 0,9% (n= 9), midazolam 10 mg/kgbb (n= 9), midazolam 40 mg/kgbb (n= 9) disuntikkan secara intraperitoneal. Kemudian otak tikus di setiap kelompok diambil dengan potong beku. Ekspresi gen proapoptosis mRNA Bax kemudian diukur dengan PCR.Hasil: Pemberian midazolam dengan dosis 10 mg/kgbb dan midazolam dosis 40 mg/kgbb terjadi peningkatan ekspresi gen-Bax dan bernilai signifikan < 0,05 jika dibandingkan kelompok kontrol.Kesimpulan : Terdapat peningkatan signifikan ekspresi gen bax pada pemberian midazolam dosis 10 mg/kgbb dan 40 mg/kgbb pada otak tikus wistar yang masih mengalami perkembangan saraf.
DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY IN EAST KALIMANTAN: A PANEL DATA APPROACH Muhammad Fauzan Fadhlani; Tony Irawan; Dominicus Savio Priyarsono
Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) Vol 7 No 5 (2024): Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/costing.v7i6.12539

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of per capita gross domestic product (GDP), poverty line, and open unemployment rate on the number of poor people in East Kalimantan using panel data regression analysis. The data used is secondary data from 2015-2022. The results of the analysis show that the best model in this case is the random effects model. All the dependent variables simultaneously have a significant effect on the number of poor people. Partially, GRDP per capita and the open unemployment rate have no significant effect. Meanwhile, the poverty line has a significant positive effect on the number of poor people in East Kalimantan
Determinan Financial Distress Pada Perusahaan Properti dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia: Institut Pertanian Bogor Saraswati, Raras Aisyah; Irawan, Tony; Ratnawati, Anny; Tony
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jekp.13.2.2024.80-92

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The purpose of this study is to analyze financial performance of property and real estate companies before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Next is to analyze financial distress by using the Zmijewski calculation methods and to analyze the factors of financial distress. The populations in this study are property and real estate companies listed on the IDX in year 2018 to 2022. Based on purposive sampling methods, samples obtained are 15 companies in 5 years, so obtained 300 observations. The descriptive methods are used to analyze financial performance, and to analyze Zmijewski’s financial distress using the panel data regression. The result of descriptive analysis show that before the pandemic there were 15 companies in a healthy condition but during the pandemic there was one company experiencing financial distress namely MDLN, and based on the direction of financial distress trends, there are three groups of companies that tend to worsen, improve, and stagnate. The results of data panel regression showed that profitability ratio (ROE), liquidity ratio (CR), and leverage ratio (DER) have a significant value to predict financial distress, whilst activity ratio (TATO), sales growth, interest rate (IR) and exchange rate (ER) which not significant. The trend of financial distress (that are worsening, improving and stagnant), can be used by companies or investors as an early warning system in predicting financial distress in property and real estate companies.
Financial Performance Evaluation Between Traditional Bank and Digital Bank During Digital Transformation: Evidence From Indonesia Tamami, Ahmad Jihan; Irawan, Tony; Indrawan, Dikky
Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): JABM, Vol. 11 No. 1, Januari 2025
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jabm.11.1.176

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the transformation of the financial sector by significantly altering consumer behavior. This shift led to the rise of digital banks as replacements for traditional banks. However, some digital banks have underperformed compared to their initial performance or after undergoing mergers and acquisitions.Purpose: This study aims to analyze the financial performance of traditional banks before their digital transformation, providing insights to inform alternative strategies for digital banking.Design/Methodology/Approach: The research examines the financial performance of nine banks (four digital banks and five traditional banks) from 2019 to 2022. The performance metrics include liquidity ratio (Loan-to-Deposit Ratio, LDR), solvency ratio (Equity-to-Asset Ratio, EAR), profitability ratios (Net Interest Margin, NIM, and Return on Assets, ROA), and activity ratio (Total Asset Turnover, TATO). Data were collected online from the Financial Services Authority website, and the analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, parametric tests (Paired Samples t-Test), and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U Test).Findings/Results: The study finds that after transitioning to digital banks, there is a significant increase in the solvency ratio (EAR) but a notable decline in profitability (ROA) and activity (TATO). Compared to traditional banks, digital banks exhibit lower LDR and ROA but higher EAR and NIM.Conclusion: The study highlights key financial performance aspects associated with digital bank transformation. The findings suggest that enhancing financial performance requires improving liquidity, solvency, profitability, and activity ratios. Strategies include engaging with the digital ecosystem, acquiring new customers through innovation, consumer-focused financing, and strengthening core capital.Originality/Value (State of the Art): This research uniquely applies multiple financial performance parameters to compare digital banks before transformation with traditional banks in Indonesia. It identifies potential strategies to address challenges faced by digital banks, enhancing academic understanding and offering practical solutions to improve their financial performance. Keywords: digital bank, digital transformation, financial performance, traditional bank
The Role of Capital Adequacy Ratio in Enhancing Regional Development Banks' Stability: An Empirical Study from 2012-2022 Aziz, Lukmanul Hakim; Siregar, Hermanto; Achsani, Noer Azam; Irawan, Tony
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i6.51304

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This study aims to analyze the role of the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) in moderating factors affecting the stability (Z-score) of Regional Development Banks (BPD) in Indonesia from 2012 to 2022. Using quarterly panel data regression, this research categorizes BPDs into two groups: Category-1 banks that have not met the minimum capital requirements and Category-2 banks that have met these requirements. The findings reveal significant differences in how various factors influence stability across these categories. In Category-1 banks, factors such as market competition (Lerner Index), market share of loans (MSL), and deposits (MSD) have a more pronounced impact on stability, highlighting their reliance on external conditions. Conversely, Category-2 banks exhibit greater resilience, with CAR positively contributing to stability, while factors like efficiency (TEF and SEF) and macroeconomic conditions (regional GDP) play a crucial role in risk management. The study also finds that factors such as Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) affect stability differently across categories, emphasizing the need for tailored risk management strategies. These insights provide practical implications for policymakers and banking management in optimizing regulatory frameworks and enhancing the stability of BPDs.
Menyeimbangkan Pertumbuhan, Pemerataan, dan Kewilayahan: Dilema Desentralisasi dalam Pembangunan Indonesia: BPS, Institut Pertanian Bogor Mursalin, Destrianto; Irawan, Tony
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jekp.14.1.2025.58-82

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This research delves into the intricate dynamics of fiscal decentralization in Indonesia spanning over two decades, scrutinizing the persistent economic inequality among regions. Employing Theil and Williamson indices, the study evaluates per capita income disparages across 509 districts/cities from 2015 to 2022. Through conventional panel data analysis and spatial models including Spatial Error Model (SAM), Spatial Autoregressive (SAR), Spatial Autocorrelation Error Model (SAC), and Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), the research identifies influential factors and assesses direct and indirect impacts on per capita income. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the study discerns its effects by segmenting data pre- and post-pandemic. Results reveal enduring income disparities, particularly in Java and Kalimantan, with profit sharing funds (DBH) emerging as the foremost influencer. SDM exposes spatial influences, unveiling DBH's dual impact on an area's income and its adverse effects on neighboring regions. The findings underscore the imperative for nuanced fiscal decentralization policies. Recommendations advocate region-specific strategies to bridge West-East income gaps, meticulous review of DBH allocation, incentivized domestic investment, and enhanced public involvement for budgetary transparency via the Satu Data Indonesia platform. This three-pronged approach aims at fostering regional economic equilibrium and resilience.
Integrating Good Corporate Governance, Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility, Zakat, Syariah Governance, and Syariah Compliance: Exploring their Interconnected Impact on the Financial Health of Islamic Commercial Banks Solihati, Garin Pratiwi; Suhardiyanto, Herry; Hakim, Dedi Budiman; Irawan, Tony
ADMAN: Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management Vol 1 No 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : PT. LITERASI SAINS NUSANTARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61100/adman.v1i3.94

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The background of this research revolves around the need to understand the complex relationship between Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR), zakat, Shariah Governance (SG), and Shariah Compliance (SC) in the context of financial institutions, particularly Islamic banks. This study adopts a holistic framework to explore their interconnected impacts on the financial health of Islamic banks. The research utilized a comprehensive literature review with qualitative analysis, aiming to gain a thorough understanding of the subject from 2010 to 2023. The findings indicate that in the face of business complexity and global market dynamics, Islamic banks need to implement concepts such as Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR), Zakat, Shariah Governance (SG), and Shariah Compliance (SC). The holistic integration of these principles can have a significantly positive impact on the financial health of Islamic banks. GCG provides a robust foundation for risk management and transparency, ICSR enriches the social and environmental dimensions, Zakat plays a crucial role in wealth redistribution and community economic empowerment, while SG and SC ensure adherence to Shariah principles and maintain the integrity of financial institutions. By effectively applying these concepts, Islamic banks can strengthen their position in facing market challenges and enhance their contributions to sustainable economic development.
The Effect of Government Policy on Infrastructure Priorities on the Profitability of Construction Companies in Indonesia 2011-2019 Rifai, Ahmad; Irawan, Tony; Indrawan, Dikky
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 39 No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jieb.v39i3.4369

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Introduction/Main Objective: The Indonesian government's policy of prioritizing the acceleration in infrastructure development will certainly have an impact on construction companies. Background of the Problem: This research aims to determine the influence of internal and external company factors on the profitability of companies in the building construction subsector. Novelty: This research analyzes the impact of increasing the government's infrastructure budget on the profitability of building construction subsector companies. Research Method: This research uses panel data regression analysis with annual financial report data from building construction subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period from 2011 to 2019, which is divided into the period before the infrastructure sector became the focus of development (2011 to 2014) and after (2015 to 2019). Profitability is measured using the return on assets. The external factors are measured using the infrastructure budget and inflation, while the internal factors are measured using company size, liquidity, leverage, cash turnover, working capital turnover and receivables turnover. Findings/Results: This research concludes that the infrastructure budget, company size, and liquidity do not have a significant positive effect on company profitability, while inflation does not have a significant negative effect on profitability. Furthermore, cash turnover, working capital turnover, and account receivable turnover have a significant positive effect on profitability, while leverage has a significant negative effect on profitability. Conclusion: This research shows that companies should periodically review the impact of loans and always maintain the composition of their funding, according to their needs. Meanwhile, the government needs to evaluate the auction process, and sharpen its alternative infrastructure project funding strategies.
Day-of-The-Week Anomaly on Different Stock Capitalization: Evidence from Indonesian Stock Market Juniarwoko, Dadang Wahyu; Irawan, Tony; Anggraeni, Lukytawati
AFEBI Economic and Finance Review Vol. 2 No. 1 (2017): June
Publisher : Asosiasi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47312/aefr.v2i1.682

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The aim of this study is to determine whether the “Day-of-The-Week Anomaly” (DOWA) exists on different stock capitalization in Indonesian stock market. A total of 58 stocks listed in both LQ45 index and Pefindo25 index used to represent large cap stocks and small and medium cap stocks respectively. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and ARCH/GARCH model were employed to capture the DOWA and the daily volatility behavior for the period between January 2010 and December 2015. The result reveals that DOWA exist for a significant proportion of individual stocks in both LQ45 and Pefindo25. Monday was found to have the lowest mean returns while Wednesday has the highest mean return. The differences between Monday’s return and return of the other days ranged from 0.15 to 0.41 percent. LQ45 stocks also found to have slightly higher Wednesday’s volatility than of Pefindo25 stocks. It indicates that the higher return of the LQ45 is naturally accompanied by a higher risk. JEL Classification: G02, G10, G17Keywords: Day-of-The-Week Anomaly, Indonesia, LQ45, Pefindo25, Stock Market
Working Capital Management, Firm Performance, Financial Constraints in Building Construction Sub-Sector During COVID-19 Pandemic Rahmawati, Mega Tri; Irawan, Tony; Santoso, Moch. Hadi
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science Vol. 2 No. 9 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/ijoms.v2i9.554

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The building construction sub-sector companies have the lowest profitability with company value continuing to decline but the most efficient working capital turnover compared to other sub-sectors in the infrastructure sector during 2018-2020. Two construction company ownership, namely BUMN and private companies, facing different financial constraints in financing working capital. The purpose of this research is to find out the differences in working capital management, firm performance, and financial constraints before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in the private companies and BUMN. Furthermore, the research attempts to see the influence of working capital management with and without the interaction of financial constraints on firm performance. This study used 12 samples of building construction sub-sector companies listed on the IDX in the 2018q-2021q using paired tests and panel data regression. The results showed that both private and BUMN experienced significant changes in the working capital management component, decreased firm performance, and increased financial constraints during the pandemic. The working capital management has a negative and significant impact on firm performance. The results of interaction between working capital management and financial constraints show that companies experience financial constraints have lower investment levels on working capital due to the expensive cost of funding. The interaction variable strengthens the effect of the cash conversion cycle on firm performance.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Feriansyah Abrar Setiawan Achsani, Noer Azham Adler Haymans Manurung Afrianto, Andri Ahmad Cahyo Nugroho Ahmad Rifai Ajeng Ayu Sabriani Alla Asmara Anny Ratnawati Anny Ratnawati Arief Anshory Yusuf Aruddy Astri Puspitasari Aziz, Lukmanul Hakim Dadang Wahyu Juniarwoko Debby Anggraeni Dedi Budiman Hakim Deviyantini Deviyantini Deviyantini, Deviyantini Djayanti Sari Djoni Hartono Dominicus Savio Priyarsono DS Priyarsono Eka Khaerandy Oktafianto Erliza Noor Faisal Azmi Feriansyah Abdullah Feriansyah, Feriansyah Futu Faturay Hakim, Dedi Budiman Hartoyo Hendri Setiadi Hendro Sasongko Hermanto Siregar Herry Suhardiyanto Hesti Werdaningtyas Indrawan, Dikky Irfan Syauqi Beik Isro'iyatul Mubarokah Isro’iyatul Mubarokah Jamhari Jamhari Juniarwoko, Dadang Wahyu Khoirul Marzuki Kusumadewi, Tiara Lukytawati Anggraeni M. Abdul Rahman Maemonah, Maemonah Meilina Pudjiani Moch. Hadi Santoso Muhammad Fauzan Fadhlani Muhammad Firdaus Mulya Syafnur Mursalin, Destrianto Noer Azham Achsani Noviyanti, Fuzi Nugraha, Dwi Tjahya Nur Maghfirah Nur Muflihatun Azizah Pudjiani, Meilina Raden Dikky Indrawan Rahmawati, Mega Tri Ranti Wiliasih Ray Agung Sucika Pratama Ready Prima Dudesy Reffi Marizka Dewi Risya Maulida Septiana Salman Fajri Salman Fajri Santoso, Moch. Hadi Saraswati, Raras Aisyah Sidiq Suryo Nugroho Solihati, Garin Pratiwi Soni Rita Purba Sri Retno Wahyu Nugraheni Sudadi Sugema, Iman Tamami, Ahmad Jihan Tony Trias Andati Trias Andati Trias Andati Vina Eka Andriyani Wanda Kharisa Ristyanti Wita Juwita Ermawati Yusman Syaukat