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All Journal VALENSI Jurnal Penelitian Saintek SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Alchemy Jurnal Penelitian Kimia INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Jurnal Bina Praja Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Mendapo: Journal of Administrative Law Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry

Ismiyarto Ismitarto

Department Of Chemistry, Faculty Of Science And Mathematics, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto SH Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Author-ID : 289653

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Energy Engineering Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Total Phenolic and Coumarin Content, Antioxidant Activity of Leaves, Fruits, and Stem Barks of Grey Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Alik Kandhita Febriani; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Khairul Anam
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 2 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 2 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Avicennia marina is one of the mangrove species used for traditional medicines. The leaves, fruits, and stem barks of A. marina are used for treating skin diseases. The stem barks are used for rheumatism, smallpox, and ulcers. The extract of A. marina was also reported to have antioxidant activity and indicates the presence of alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin, sterol/triterpenoid, and coumarin. However, the comparison of the antioxidant activity of leaves, fruits, and stem barks is not evaluated yet. The purpose of this study is to compare the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and coumarin content of leaves, fruits, and stem barks of A. marina. The antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH radical scavenging assay and was evaluated by spectrophotometric method at 515 nm. Quercetin was used for comparison. The fruits had the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 85.246 ppm, followed by stem barks and leaves with IC50 of 205.281 ppm and 307.037 ppm, respectively. Although the antioxidant activity of A. marina fruits was far from quercetin (IC50 of 3.789 ppm), it still categorized as a strong antioxidant. The strong antioxidant activity of fruits was followed by higher total phenolic and coumarin content than the stem barks and leaves part. Total phenolic and coumarin content of fruits were 49.119 mg GAE/ g and 8.894 x 10-3 mg CE/g, respectively. The leaves part had total coumarin content of 8.418 x 10-3 mg CE/g, but it had low IC50. It may be caused by the other secondary metabolite compounds that could reduce the antioxidant activity of coumarin.

Pemanjangan Sistem Terkonjugasi Sinamaldehid dan Uji Aktivitas sebagai Bahan Aktif Tabir Surya Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Khairul Anam
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 7, No 1 (2004): Volume 7 Issue 1 Year 2004
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Telah dilakukan pemanjangan sistem terkonjugasi sinamaldehid dengan reaksi aldol kondensasi. Penelitian ini diawali dengan mengisolasi sinamaldehid dari minyak kayu manis menggunakan pelarut natrium bisulfit. Selanjutnya sinamaldehid direaksikan dengan asetofenon melalui reaksi kondensasi. Analisis struktur senyawa hasil menggunakan spektrometer UV-Vis dan spektrometer infra merah, selanjutnya penentuan SPF dari produk yang dihasilkan dilakukan dengan mengukur absorbansinya terhadap sinar UV.Sinamaldehid didapatkan sebagai cairan jernih kekuningan dengan kemurnian 99,87% dan rendemen 82,00%. Senyawa hasil kondensasi didapatkan sebagai padatan berwarna kuning dengan titik lebur 540C, rendemen 72,21%. Analisis dengan spektometer UV-Vis memberikan serapan pada 312 nm dan 224 nm, sedangkan dengan IR mempunyai pita pada 1676,0 cm-1 (-C=O), 1604 cm-1 (–C=C-), 3028 (=C-H), dan 1575 cm- (cincin aromatis). Sinamaldehid mampu memberikan perlindungan SPF maksimum pada konsentrasi 10 g/mL, sedangkan senyawa hasil reaksi mampu memberikan perlindungan maksimum pada konsentrasi 6 g/mL.

Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamic Acid - Chitosan Encapsulation Nur Amaliyah; Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono; Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 1 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 1 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

The biggest cinnamon bark is cinnamic acid. The inhibitory activity of bacterial growth of S. aureus and E. coli and its abundance in nature becomes the superiority of cinnamic acid as antibacterial. However, the use of cinnamic acid as an antibacterial is still less than optimal because of low solubility in water. One of the latest technologies to address the problem is encapsulation in nanometer size. Encapsulation of cinnamic acid using chitosan nanoparticles as an encapsulation material was shown to increase the activity of cinnamic acid as antibacterial by protecting the active compound, as well as increasing its solubility in water through chitosan-TPP modification. Emulsion formation was performed using Corning LSE Compact at 6,000 rpm for 30 minutes. The formation of chitosan nanoparticles as encapsulation material was done using freeze dryer with freeze drying method. Chitosan was obtained from shrimp chitin with Deacetylation Degree (% DD) of 85.98%. The synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles yielded an average particle size of 330 nm with a percentage volume of 29.9% and 79.1% with an average size of 5570 nm. The morphological form of nanometer-sized chitosan was smaller and uniform than that of chitosan morphology. Encapsulation efficiency value of 67.304% makes cinnamic acid has higher activity inhibition of bacterial growth than pure cinnamic acid and chitosan nanoparticles.

Sintesis Turunan Azomethin Sebagai Zat Aktif Inhibitor Korosi pada Logam Menggunakan Bahan Dasar Piperonal dan 2-Aminopiridin Intan Endah Rachmawati; Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 20, No 3 (2017): Volume 20 Issue 3 Year 2017
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Sintesis senyawa turunan azomethin dilakukan melalui reaksi kondensasi antara piperonal dan 2-aminopiridin dengan variasi pelarut toluen, benzen, etanol selama 3 jam. Karakterisasi produk sintesis melalui uji titik leleh dan diidentifikasi menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis, FTIR dan LC-MS. Dilakukan pengujian antikorosi pada logam besi untuk mengetahui aktivitas inhibitor korosi menggunakan metode weight loss. Identifikasi menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis muncul pada serapan 233 nm dan pada FTIR pada bilangan gelombang 1604,77 cm-1 yang merupakan gugus C=N, serta menggunakan LC-MS diketahui bahwa senyawa mempunyai berat molekul 226,26 gram/mol identik senyawa N-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)pyridin-2-amine. Laju korosi senyawa turunan azomethin pada konsentrasi 1% sebesar 1,2 mg cm-2 hari -1 dengan perendaman selama 4 jam.

Elektroremediasi Perairan Tercemar: 3. Elektrodekolorisasi Larutan Remazol black B dengan Elektroda Timbal Dioksida/Karbon dan Analisis Larutan Sisa Dekolorisasi Didik Setiyo Widodo; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Fithri Noorikhlas
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 12, No 1 (2009): Volume 12 Issue 1 Year 2009
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Telah dilakukan penelitian dekolorisasi dan analisis lanjutan sisa elektrolisis larutan zat warna—remazol black B—dengan metode elektrolisis (elektrodekolorisasi) menggunakan anoda timbal dioksida, analisis spektrometri UV-Vis dan GC-MS. Remazol black B merupakan zat warna reaktif yang banyak digunakan pada industri tekstil, batik, dan tenun. Pada proses produksi dan pewarnaan, zat warna ini dapat terbuang ke lingkungan dan mencemari perairan, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk memperbaiki lingkungan perairan. Pada pemilihan metode mempertimbangkan pemilihan bahan elektroda. Timbal dioksida sebagai elektroda dipilih dengan mempertimbangkan sifat bahan ini dalam sistem eletrolisis, stabil (inert) dan efek elektrokatalisis yang diharapkan memberikan sinergi pada upaya remediasi perairan tercemar dengan pendekatan elektrokimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekolorisasi dan menganalisis larutan sisa elektrolisis untuk memperoleh konfirmasi produk destruksi. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan mengelektrolisis larutan remazol black B sebanyak 50 mL dengan potensial 5,5 V selama 90 menit. Setelah elektrolisis larutan sampel dianalisis dengan spektrometri UV-Vis. Analisis kualitatif meliputi pengamatan warna larutan sampel sebelum elektrolisis dan sesudah elektrolisis, dan pengukuran absorbansi dengan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan mengolah data pengukuran absorbansi pada panjang gelombang maksimum dengan spektrometri UV-Vis sebelum dan sesudah elektrolisis. Analisis GC-MS dikerjakan pada sampel setelah ekstraksi. Sebanyak 5 mL larutan sisa elektrolisis ditambah 10 mL dietil eter kemudian diekstraksi. Filtrat yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan GC-MS. Data riset menunjukkan bahwa larutan zat warna remazol black B dapat didekolorisasi dengan metode elektrolisis menggunakan elektroda PbO2/Pb dan PbO2/karbon. Sistem PbO2/Pb memberikan hasil yang lebih efektif dalam proses elektrodestruksi zat warna remazol black B dibandingkan sistem PbO2/karbon. Pada temperatur kamar, elektrodekolorisasi sampel remazol black B menggunakan anoda PbO2/Pb telah berlangsung 100% menjadi CO2, H2O dan/atau senyawa karbon rantai pendek dan tidak mempunyai gugus kromofor (pemberi warna), sedangkan elektrodekolorisasi menggunakan PbO2/karbon telah mendekolorisasi zat warna dengan sempurna dan menyisakan senyawa yang bercincin benzena yang dapat dihilangkan dengan baik dengan penambahan waktu elektrolisisKata Kunci: elektrolisis, elektrodekolorisasi/elektrodestruksi, remazol black B, elektroda PbO2, spektrometri UV-Visible

Synthesis of Nano Chitosan as Carrier Material of Cinnamon’s Active Component Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Enny Fachriyah; Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono; Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Agus Subagio
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 2 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 2 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Development and innovation to improve the efficacy of active ingredients of a plant can be done by using nanoparticle encapsulation of chitosan, which has dual function of protecting natural extracts degradation and delivering natural extracts to the target site. Chitosan is a natural polymer that is nontoxic, mucoadhesive, biodegradable, and biocompatible. This polymer also has a low level of immunogenicity and can be prepared into nanoparticles in mild conditions that make it suitable for natural extracts delivery systems. This paper reported synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles for cinnamon’s natural extract delivery. Chitosan synthesis was carried out by chitin deacetylation isolated from shrimp shells. Chitosan characterization was done by measuring deacetylation degree by FTIR. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method using tripolyphosphate as crosslinker. Morphology and particle size of nano chitosan were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The result found that the yield of deproteinated chitin was 62.60%. Further process of demineralization resulted a yield of 52.60%, then depigmentation with a yield of 75.56%, and deacetylation with a yield of 79.02%. FTIR analysis showed that deacetylation degree of chitin into chitosan was found of 87.78%. Characterization by SEM found that nano chitosan has a particle size of 87 nm. While TEM images showed that the nano chitosan has a uniform shape and a lower physical aggregation.

Oksidasi 3-(3,4-dimetoksifenil)-propanol dengan Menggunakan Oksidator Piridinium Klorokromat (PCC) Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Ayu Ratri Kartika Iriany
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 10, No 3 (2007): Volume 10 Issue 3 Year 2007
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

3-(3,4-dimetoksfenil)-propanol mudah dioksidasi menjadi bentuk aldehida-nya menggunakan piridinium klorokromat (PCC) tanpa menimbulkan oksidasi lebih lanjut membentuk asam karboksilat. PCC telah disintesis dengan mereaksikan reacting HCl dan CrO3, diikuti dengan penambahan piridin dalam larutan pada suhu 0oC dan hasilnya 85%. Sedangkan, reaksi oksidasi dari 3-(3,4-dimetoksfenil)-propanol dengan PCC sebagai oksidator dilakukan dalam diklorometan selama 3 jam dan direfluks pada suhu 30oC dan rasio mol alkohol:PCC adalah 1:2. Produk oksidasi diekstraksi menggunakan dietileter dan diuapkan, menghasilkan 71,3% dari produk oksidasi dengan indeks refraksi sebesar 1,57. Data FT-IR menunjukkan adanya penyerapan yang kuat pada gugus karbonil (C=O) pada bilangan gelombang 1724,2 cm-1 dan penyerapan CH aldehida pada 2723,3 cm-1, diperkuat oleh data GC-MS di tR = 20.797 menit yang menunjukkan ion molekuler pada m/e = 194 dan puncak dasar pada m/e = 151 yang mewakili struktur 3-(3,4-dimetoksfenil)-propanal

Synthesis and Antibacterial Testing of Imina Derivative Compounds from Piperonal and Anilin Dimas Syamsudin; Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 1 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 1 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Synthesis of Imine derivates used as antibacterial activity has been done. Synthesis was conducted by condensation reaction between piperonal and aniline. The product synthesis was characterized by melting point, LC-MS, FTIR and 1H-NMR, then application of the product as antibacterial towards bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The product of synthesis was pale-brown solid, and had melting point at 56-61 0C. Identification by LC-MS showed the compound molecular weight was 225.30 gram/mol, identification by FTIR showed a compound contained imine C=N at 1620.21 cm-1, C-H aromatic at 1581.63 cm-1, Csp3-H at 2962.37 cm-1 from CH2, and C-O at 1265.30 cm-1, Identification by 1H-NMR showed a compound had a singlet peak at δ=6 ppm that proton was from the CH2, multiplet peak at δ=6.9-7.7 ppm proton from two aromatics and singlet peak at δ=8.4 ppm from proton imine. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the product towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 1 mg/mL with diameter inhibition zone 2 mm and 3 mm. From these data it could be concluded that the compound 3,4- methlenedioxybenzilyimine was formed and it had ability as an antibacterial agent.

Isolasi, Identifikasi Minyak Atsiri Fuli Pala (Myristica fragrans) dan Uji Aktivitas Sebagai Larvasida Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Rani Mustika
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 12, No 1 (2009): Volume 12 Issue 1 Year 2009
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Tanaman pala (Myristica fragrans) adalah tanaman asli Indonesia dan Indonesia merupakan negara pengekspor biji dan fuli pala terbesar di dunia. Biji pala menghasilkan minyak atsiri 2-15% sedangkan fuli menghasilkan 7-18% minyak atsiri. Dalam minyak atsiri fuli pala mengandung senyawa miristisin yang bersifat toksik dan senyawa kamfen yang merupakan zat pembius dan penolak serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi minyak atsiri dari fuli pala serta mengetahui toksisitas efektif sebagai larvasida. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga tahap. Tahap pertama yaitu isolasi minyak atsiri dari fuli pala dengan metode destilasi uap. Tahap kedua adalah identifikasi yang meliputi uji sifat fisik (warna, bau, rendemen, berat jenis dan indeks bias) dan identifikasi komponen kimia minyak atsiri hasil isolasi dengan metode GC-MS. Tahap ketiga adalah uji toksisitas minyak atsiri sebagai larvasida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III dimana hasilnya akan dibandingkan dengan ekstrak metanol fuli pala. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh minyak atsiri berwarna kuning jernih yang berbau khas pala dengan rendemen sebesar 3,22%, berat jenis sebesar 0,9397 g/mL pada 25°C dan indeks bias sebesar 1,493 (25°C). Identifikasi komponen kimiawi dengan metode GC-MS menunjukkan minyak atsiri fuli pala hasil isolasi mengandung komponen a-pinen (13,08%), b-pinen (15,14%), sabinene (22,93%), limonene (5,60%) dan miristisin (26,46%). Berdasarkan uji toksisitas minyak atsiri fuli pala sebagai larvasida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III akhir menunjukkkan nilai LC50-6 jam sebesar 224,399 ppm, LC50-12 jam sebesar 150,724 ppm danLC50-24 jam sebesar 111,002 ppm. Sedangkan pada ekstrak metanol menunjukkan nilai LC50-24 jam sebesar 304,434 ppmdan LC50-48 jam sebesar 284,200 ppm. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa minyak atsiri fuli pala lebih berpotensi sebagai larvasida dibandingkan dengan ekstrak metanol fuli pala.

Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-2-Methylchalcone from meta-Cresol Formilation Product and Its Activities as an Antibacteria Ismiyarto Ismiyarto; Suyanti Suyanti; Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana; Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono; Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 4 (2018): volume 21 Issue 4 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Research on the synthesis of 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone from 4-hidroksi-2-metilbenzaldehida as formilated meta-cresol product and its antibacterial activity test has been conducted. As the first step, synthesis of 4-hydroxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde was carried out by treatment meta-cresol with chloroform through the Reimer-Tiemann formylation. Product is a brown solid with 23.94% yields. Furthermore, the 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone was synthesized using the 4-hydroxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde and acetophenone through the Claisen-Schmidt reaction. The product is a brownish yellow solid with 29.74% yields. Antibacterial test against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was carried out by comparing the activity of 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxychalcone, and chalcone compounds. The antibacterial activity test showed that the 4-hydroxy-2-methylchalcone compound, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxychalcone, and chalcone compounds gave a better antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli than the Staphylococcus aureus.

Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Adityo Anggadita Agus Subagio Ahmad Fathoni Alik Kandhita Febriani Anjar Jatika Anshori, Yuli Tirtariandi El Ardhita Niken Destiana Asy'ari, Mukhammad Asy’ari, Mukhammad Ayu Ratri Kartika Iriany Bambang Cahyono Bayu Refindra Fitriadi Chairil Anwar Chairil Anwar Choirunnisa, Nur Fadilla Damar Nurwahyu Bima Desy Fitrya Syamsumir Didik Setiyo Widodo Dimas Syamsudin Ditya Putri Solihati Dzahabiyyah, Hana Putri Enceng Enceng Enny Fachriyah Enny Fachriyah Fannie Kurniasari Fithri Noorikhlas Halim, Siti Anisah Hanum, Rahma Farida Hendra Dwipa Rifky Mahardika Hermansyah Amir Huda, Muhammad Badrul Intan Endah Rachmawati Jaluanto Sunu Punjul Tyoso Jumina Jumina Khairul Anami Laksmitasari, Nuraini Dwi Leong Kai Vyn Liswinda Zafirah Rahmatia Madiyono, Madiyono Marcelinus Christwardana Meiny Suzery Mumtazati, Qonita Murni Nur Islamiah Kassim Ngadiwiyana M.Si. S.Si. Nies S. Mulyani Niken Windi Saputri Ningsih, Alyxia Stellata Aria Noor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya Nur Amaliyah Nurlina Priastuti Pandelaki, Elmi Christi Julia Pratama Jujur Wibawa Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono Purwaningdyah, Purwaningdyah Rani Mustika Ratnawati Dwi Putranti Honorata Rinaryadi, Kemilau Permata Hati Sabirin Matsjeh Salsabila, Salsabila Sesika Novari Suradi, Agus Suyanti Suyanti Triwijayanti, Yunita Wati, Mei Riska Yosie Andriani Yosie Andriani

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