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All Journal JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT EKSAKTA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pembelajaran MIPA JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Jurnal Saintifik Polygon: Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Selvia Dewi Pohan
Universitas Negeri Medan
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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN PUPUK ANORGANIK TERHADAP KUANTITAS DAN KUALITAS HASIL TANAMAN BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Difa Diniandra; Selvia Dewi Pohan
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 3, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v3i1.7370

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kombinasi dan tunggal pemberian pupuk organik dan pupuk anorganik yang memberikan kuantitas dan kualitas hasil panen tanaman buncis tertinggi, penelitian dilaksanakan mulai Bulan Maret 2016 sampai Bulan Juni 2016, di Kelurahan Berngam Kecamatan Binjai Kota, Kotamadya Binjai. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah benih buncis tipe merambat varietas Gravo, pupuk organik kandang ayam dan pupuk anorganik (Urea, TSP, KCl). Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) Faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu pupuk organik kandang ayam yang terdiri dari empat taraf, yaitu K1 (0 gr/ lubang), K2 (100 gr/ lubang), K3 (200 gr/ lubang), K4 (300 gr/ lubang) dan pupuk anorganik (Urea, TSP, KCl) yang terdiri dari empat taraf, yaitu A1 (0 gr/ lubang), A2 (Urea 1,85 gr/ lubang, TSP 0,4 gr/ lubang, KCl 0,42 gr/ lubang), A3 (Urea 3,7 gr/ lubang, TSP 0,8 gr/ lubang, KCl 0,84 gr/ lubang), A4 (Urea 7,4 gr/ lubang, TSP 1,6 gr/ lubang, KCl 1,68 gr/ lubang). Parameter yang diamati berdasarkan kuantitas adalah bobot polong per plot (gr), jumlah polong per plot (buah), panjang polong per plot (cm), dan berdasarkan kualitas adalah warna polong per plot dan kandungan kalsium (Ca) per plot. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan analisis varians dan jika perlakuan memberikan pengaruh nyata atau sangat nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara interaksi dan tunggal penggunaan berbagai taraf pupuk organik dan pupuk anorganik memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Interaksi antara perlakuan pupuk organik dan pupuk anorganik yang memberikan kuantitas tertinggi terhadap parameter bobot polong per plot dan jumlah polong per plot adalah perlakuan K2A3, K3A3 dan K3A4, untuk parameter panjang polong per plot adalah perlakuan K3A4. Kombinasi perlakuan pupuk organik dan pupuk anorganik yang memberikan kualitas tertinggi terhadap warna polong dan kandungan kalsium (Ca) adalah perlakuan K3A4. Kata Kunci : buncis, pupuk organik, pupuk anorganik, kuantitas, kualitas
Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Tanaman Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Puji Prastowo; Selvia Dewi Pohan; Khairiza Lubis
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 2, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v2i1.5209

Abstract

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) was a popular plant, usually used as cigarette material, traditional medicine, chewy tobacco and natural insecticide. This study aims to investigate toxicity effects of tobacco to mice (Mus musculus). The study had been done from March to July 2015 in Plant Physiology Laboratory of Mathematic and Natural Sciences Unimed and Phatology Laboratory USU. The study used male mice as the animal test. Twenty-five mices were divided in to 5 groups. One control group and four groups were given the ethanolic extracts of tobacco in four doses 10%; 15%; 20%; dan 25% orally. Evaluation of toxic effects was 24 hours until 3 days after administration. Evaluation included physical and physiological adverse, behaviour changes, and histopathologycal adverse of liver and kidney. According to the results of study, ethanolic extract of tobacco made a systemic toxicity. Most of doses (except control) caused acute toxicity symptoms and immediately death to the tested animals. It affected mices in physic, behaviour and anatomy. The toxic symptoms were uncontrolable movement, aggressivity, tail abnormality, coordination damages, pupil extention, and refflects damages. Another effects were gastric, intestinal and testis inflammations. The liver and kidney were highly susceptible to toxicant. Histopathologycal examination showed that toxic affected congestion and necrosis in liver and kidney. Keywords: ethanol extract, toxicity, tobacco, histopathology, mice
Pemeriksaan Residu Pestisida Pada Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Di Pasar Tradisional Kota Medan Selvia Dewi Pohan
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 2, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v2i1.4026

Abstract

Penelitian tentang pemeriksaan residu pestisida pada tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) di pasar tradisional kota Medan dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis residu pestisida yang terdapat pada tomat dan mengetahui kadar residu pestisida yang terkandung di dalamnya. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan oktober sampai dengan desember 2015 di Laboratorium Kimia FMIPA Unimed dan Laboratorium PPKS Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, dimana diidentifikasi jenis-jenis residu pestisida yang terdapat pada tomat yang diambil secara acak dari beberapa pasar tradisional di Kota Medan. Pemeriksaan kandungan bahan organik sampel menggunakan alat spectroskopi infrared (SP-IR) dan kemudian kadar residu pestisida sampel dengan kromatografi gas (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 2 jenis residu pestisida pada sampel yang diuji, yaitu klorpirifos dan metidation. Dari hasil pemeriksaan kadar residu pestisida sampel tomat dengan alat kromatografi gas (GC-MS), diketahui bahwa sampel tomat mengandung residu klorpirifos < 0,0085 mg/kg. Hal ini berarti sampel tomat yang diuji mengandung residu pestisida klorpirifos di bawah batas minimum residu (BMR) yang telah ditetapkan Badan Standardisasi Nasional (SNI 7313: 2008) yaitu sebesar 0,5 mg/kg.   Kata kunci: identifikasi, jenis, kadar, residu pestisida, tomat, klorpirifos, metidation  
UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK SRIKAYA (Annona squamosa Linn.) PADA HEWAN MENCIT (Mus musculus) Selvia Dewi Pohan; Puji Prastowo; Khairiza Lubis
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 2, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v2i2.4218

Abstract

Tanaman srikaya (Annona squamosa Linn.) adalah salah satu tumbuhan dari famili Annonaceae yang telah diketahui memiliki berbagai macam efek sebagai obat, insektisida, antiovulatory, dan abortifacient. Tanaman ini mengandung bermacam-macam senyawa aktif seperti squamosin, asetogenin, alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, tannin dan sebagainya. Squamosin dan asetogenin merupakan senyawa aktif yang dapat berfungsi sebagai insektisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji toksisitas (tingkat/pengaruh racun) tanaman srikaya dengan hewan uji mencit putih. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan April 2015 di Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Unimed dan Laboratorium Patologi Fakultas Kedokteran USU. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-eksperimental, dimana akan diamati efek racun dari ekstrak etanol daun srikaya terhadap mencit. Efek racun diuji melalui pengamatan terhadap fisik, tingkah laku dan histopatologi hati dan ginjal mencit. Perlakuan ekstrak terdiri dari dosis 0,404 g/kg berat badan (bb) ; 0,705 g/kg bb; 1 g/kg bb; dan 1,333 g/kg bb, dimana pada masing-masing perlakuan terdapat 5 hewan uji. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa setelah pemberian ekstrak terlihat adanya gejala-gejala keracunan dan kematian pada hewan uji. Gejala yang diamati berupa perubahan aktivitas motorik, gangguan koordinasi, perubahan refleks dan akhirnya mati. Ekstrak daun srikaya dengan dosis 1 g/kg bb dan 1,333 g/kg bb menyebabkan kematian hewan uji tertinggi dengan rata-rata waktu kematian secara berturut-turut yaitu 30 menit dan 36 menit. Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi hati hewan uji menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun srikaya menyebabkan nekrosis dan kongesti hampir pada seluruh perlakuan. Sedangkan hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi ginjal hewan uji menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun srikaya menyebabkan kongesti. Kata kunci: ekstrak etanol, srikaya, efek, toksisitas, fisik, tingkah laku, histopatologi, mencit
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN FISIOLOGIS TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica rapa var. Parachinensis) YANG DIPAPAR TIMBAL (Pb) Vanny Harianto; Selvia Dewi Pohan
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 4, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v4i3.11212

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of lead (Pb) on the growth and physiology of mustard (Brassica rapa var. Parachinensis). The research was carried out in greenhouse and chemistry laboratory of Universitas Negeri Medan and Laboratorium Kesehatan Medan from April to August 2018. This research was using a Completely Randomize Design (RAL) with 4 treatments and six replications. The treatment is the solution lead (Pb) with 4 levels of dose : 0 ppm , 1 ppm, 3 ppm, and 5 ppm. Data was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the SPSS program. The results showed that the lead affect the growth and physiology of mustard. Mustard which were given lead 1,3, and 5 ppm have lower height (49 cm; 41,4 cm; and 29,8 cm) than control (82,5 cm). The higher concentration of lead solution caused the lower plant height. This effects as same as to the number of leafs, plants that were treated with lead have fewer leaves (31,3 sheets; 28 sheets; and 23 sheets) than controls (38,6 sheets). The lead also affects the weight of mustard plants. Mustard that treated with lead has a lighter weight than the control. Plants treated with lead 1,3, and 5 ppm have lower chlorophyll levels (7,20 mg/L; 5,08 mg/L; and 2,17 mg/L) than controls (11,76 mg/L).
ANALISIS PAKAN ORANGUTAN (Pongo abelii) DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG LEUSER RESORT SEI BETUNG SUMATERA UTARA M. Rindi Zulfahri; Selvia Dewi Pohan
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 2, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v2i2.4222

Abstract

Orangutan (Pongo abelii) merupakan satwa endemik yang keberadaannya di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan, termasuk kategori spesies terancam punah (Critically Endangered) menurut IUCN. Ketersediaan pakan di hutan memiliki peran penting dalam pengelolaan populasi orangutan agar terhindar dari kepunahan. Pada umumnya orangutan dewasa jantan dan betina yang hidup di alam dengan bobot badan 55 kg membutuhkan energi sebesar 1.414 kalori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi dari pakan alami orangutan di Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Resort Sei Betung, Besitang. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri 5 jenis tumbuhan pakan orangutan yaitu Artocarpus dadah, Callerya artopurpurea, Endospermum diadenum, Ficus glomerata, dan Polyalthia sumatrana. Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode analisis proksimat yaitu penentuan jumlah zat pakan yang terkandung dalam suatu sampel seperti kadar karbohidrat, lemak, protein, air, tanin, dan mineral berupa Ca, K, Fe dan Zn. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buah Ficus glomerata sudah mencukupi kebutuhan nilai kalori pada orangutan dewasa, remaja, dan anak-anak dengan jumlah kalori sebesar 2.058,4 kalori sedangkan daun Polyalthia sumatrana dan kulit kayu Ficus glomerata sudah mencukupi kebutuhan nilai kalori pada orangutan yang berumur 2-4 tahun (kategori bayi hingga anak-anak) dengan memiliki nilai kalori secara berturut-turut yaitu 1.337,4 dan 1.220 kalori dan daun Endospermum diademum sudah mencukupi kebutuhan nilai kalori pada orangutan yang berumur 2 tahun (kategori bayi) dengan nilai kalori sebesar 1.081,8 kalori. Kata kunci : Pakan, Orangutan, Nutrisi, TNGL.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Tanaman sebagai Pestisida Alami (Biopestisida) dalam Pengendalian Hama Serangga Selvia Dewi Pohan
JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Vol 20, No 75 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jpkm.v20i75.4818

Abstract

Penggunaan pestisida sintetik saat ini diketahui telah  memberikan dampak negatif bagi manusia dan ekosistem. Selain membahayakan bagi kesehatan manusia, juga dapat mematikan organisme nontarget dan merusak keseimbanganekosistem. Biopestisida merupakan pestisida alami yang berasaldari tanaman. Penggunaan biopestisida ini diketahuilebih aman dibandingkan pestisida sintetik. Kandungan metabolit sekunder pada beberapa  jenis tanaman diketahuimemiliki efektifitas dalam membasmi hama serangga.Efek pemberian ekstrak tanaman diantaranya adalah sebagai repellent, anti-feeding, dan toksik. Beberapa jenis metabolit sekunder seperti rotenon, azadirachtin, quassin, nicotine, pyrethrin, piperin diketahui efektif mempengaruhi hama serangga baik secara fisik, fisiologis maupun genetis. Beberapa jenis tanaman yang telah diketahui efektif sebagai biopestisida adalah Azadirachta indica, Nicotiana tabaccum, Thymus  atureoides, Origanum compactum, Acalypha gaumeri, Annona squamosa, Artemisia absinthium dan Achillea  illefolium. Jenis-jenis tanaman tersebut dapat memberikan efek mematikan bagi beberapa jenis hama serangga seperti jenis Aphididae, Microtheca ochroloma,Tribolium castaneum, Bemisia tabaci, Sitophilus oryzae, dan Sitophilus granarius.
The Effect of Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Water Spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) Selvia Dewi Pohan
JERAMI : Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Vol 3 No 2 (2021): JIJCS
Publisher : Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jijcs.3.2.37-44.2021

Abstract

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) had been identified as a nutritious vegetable with high demand in Indonesia. Besides, this plant also has been evidenced to play an important role in environmental cleaning as phytoremediator. The study about the effect of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir) has been conducted in the Green House of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. The study aims to investigate the most effective type of fertilizers and the dose for water spinach’s (Ipomoea reptans Poir) growth and yield. A Completely Randomized Factorial Design was designed for the experiment with two factors and three repetitions. The first factor is the type of fertilizer (chicken manure, cow manure, and compost), and the second factor is the dose of the fertilizer (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1). The parameters such as plant height, number of shoots, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf’s total chlorophyll content, and water content were measured to evaluate plant growth and yield. The General Linear Model used SPSS 21 programs was applied to analyze the collected data. Study results revealed that cow manure increased plant growth and yield significantly with dose 2:1 as the finest treatment, followed by dose 3:1. Cow manure also increased total chlorophyll content (8.0574c mg. L-1), with the most suitable dose was 2:1 (8.2807 mg. L-1). The plant’s water content tended to be high in chicken manure (93%), and the lower water content was in cow manure with dose 3:1 (87.5%).
Modern Plant Breeding For Sustainable Agriculture: A Review Selvia Dewi Pohan; Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin; Jamsari Jamsari; Tika Runifah
JERAMI : Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2021): JIJCS
Publisher : Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jijcs.4.1.9-16.2021

Abstract

More foods are required to fulfill human need. The limitation of the farming area is leading to intensification system in crop cultivation, so the use of chemical properties and environmental destruction cannot be denied. However, this industrial practice in the crop system has caused many adverse effects on ecological balance and human health. Many severe impacts of industrial agriculture practices have been reported, including soil erosion, groundwater contamination, loss of productivity, depletion of fossil resources, air pollution, new threats to human health and safety. Many experts agreed that sustainable agriculture seems to be an effective way to solve these issues. Modern plant breeding is now a popular approach to provide superior crop cultivars that can minimize adverse effects of agriculture practices because humans can recognize and manipulated genes through this method. Recently, the application of molecular markers in plant breeding selection has been brought enthusiasm for plant breeders. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been evidenced to be a beneficial technique in plant breeding. Through this approach, the selection process of parents and progenies in the breeding process could be more efficient. Plant breeding is influential in crop production achievement because this effort is connected with the adaptability and stability of the varieties in many different environmental circumstances. Plant breeding also focuses on agriculture sustainability due to its effort to produces durable disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, nutrients, and water-use efficiency.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTI BAKTERI MADU TRIGONA TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli dan Klebsiella pneumoniae Gultom, Endang Sulistyarini; Pohan, Selvia Dewi; Situmorang, Nurbaity; Hafzari, Rini
Eksakta : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pembelajaran MIPA Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Eksakta : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pembelajaran MIPA
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, UM-Tapsel

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/eksakta.v10i1.299-304

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance has the greatest impact on human health, at least 2 million people are infected by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The use of natural medicines is increasingly in demand by the public, one of which is often used to treat diseases is trigona honey. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Trigona honey against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. The test bacteria used were Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria obtained from the collection of the Microbiology Laboratory of the University of North Sumatera Hospital. Antimicrobial activity testing was carried out using the hole / well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media with chloramphenicol as a positive control, acetone as a negative control and trigona honey with a concentration of 500 ppm. Antibacterial activity was seen by measuring the inhibition zone formed. The results showed that Trigona honey was able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria with inhibition zone activity included in the weak category, while the positive control showed antibacterial activity in the strong category.
Co-Authors Difa Diniandra Findi Septiani Gultom, Endang Sulistyarini Herdita Br Ginting Husniatunnisa Indah Nurkhofifah Jamsari Jamsari Khairiza Lubis Lestari Novianti Sinurat M. Rindi Zulfahri Melva Silitonga Monica Triyuni Sinaga Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin Nurul Huda Panggabean Pranoto, Hendro Puji Prastowo Rini Hafzari Rizka Juliana Siregar Sinaga, Erlintan Siti Fathiya Dwinda Sastra Situmorang, Nurbaity Tika Runifah Vanny Harianto Widya kartini pangaribuan Widya Purnama Sitanggang Windah, Putri