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All Journal Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah LEGITIMASI: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum Dusturiah : Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial El-Mashlahah PETITA: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah (PJKIHdS) Al-Daulah : Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam SAMARAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Jurnal Justisia : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Media Syari'ah: Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN COMPARATIVE OF SYARIAH LAW Lentera:Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies POLITICA: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara dan Politik Islam As-Siyadah: Jurnal Politik dan Hukum Tata Negara Jurnal Industri dan Inovasi (INVASI) JURISTA : Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia
Mutiara Fahmi
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Religion Aerospace Engineering Humanities Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences Transportation

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LEGAL STATUS ON PURCHASE TRANSACTIONS BY MINORS IN BANDA CITY: AN ISLAMIC LAW PERSPECTIVE Mufid; Mutiara Fahmi
JURISTA: Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): JURISTA: Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Centre for Adat and Legal Studies of Aceh Province (CeFALSAP)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jurista.v8i2.210

Abstract

The phenomenon of minors involved in buying and selling transactions in Banda Aceh City is a complex issue influenced by economic, educational, socio-cultural factors, as well as weaknesses in regulation and law enforcement. This research aims to analyze the factors causing this phenomenon and view it from the perspective of Islamic law and Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower. In Islamic law, a child who has not reached the age of maturity is considered not qualified to engage in valid transactions without the supervision of a guardian. Meanwhile, labor regulations in Indonesia prohibit minors from working except under certain conditions. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical research type. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation methods, supported by secondary data from the literature. The research results show that poverty, low parental education, social norms, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic are dominant factors driving children to work in the informal sector. In Islamic law, small transactions conducted by children are considered valid if they meet the principles of justice and basic needs without exploitation. However, high-value transactions require guardian supervision to ensure validity. This research recommends the need for strict supervision, community education, and consistent law enforcement to protect children's rights in accordance with Islamic law and legislation.
Restorative Justice For Perpetrators Of Crimes (Jarīmah) In The Perspective Of Islamic Law Fahmi, Mutiara
Dusturiyah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan dan Pranata Sosial Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL DUSTURIAH
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/dusturiyah.v15i1.26956

Abstract

Restorative justice is an alternative resolution of criminal cases which aims to create an agreement on the resolution of criminal cases that is fair and balanced for all parties, both victims and perpetrators. This process also focuses on restoring the original situation and restoring patterns of peaceful relations in society through dialogue and mediation. This paper aims to examine whether the process of resolving criminal cases in Islam can implement restorative justice mechanisms? If so, what are the requirements? The answers to these two questions are very important to study considering that the implementation of criminal law in Aceh adheres to the Islamic criminal law system (Qanun Jināyāt) which in practice also intersects with the national legal system. This qualitative research is a normative legal study whose presentation uses a descriptive analysis method. Primary data were collected through a literature review from various sources of classical Islamic law references (fiqh mazhab) and laws and regulations (positive law). Research results show that The restorative justice for the perpetrators of jarīmah in Aceh in the view of Islamic law can be done as long as it has not been included in the formal examination of the case by the Judge. Besides that, The Restorative justice can be applied to jarīmah ta'zīr and hudūd which are related to the rights of the servant, and not the rights of Allah. The researcher suggests peaceful efforts through Restorative Justice are strongly recommended by Islamic legal system to avoid the emergence of a sense of resentment and injustice as a result of the judge's decision that could arise from the victim or perpetrator. Diversion efforts with a Restorative Justice approach in cases of children in conflict with the law are in line with the spirit of Islamic law which prioritizes the principles of justice for all parties and maintains peace, especially when criminal penalties cannot be imposed due to insufficient age requirements for children in conflict with the law. Keywords: Restorative Justice – Jarīmah – Islamic Law
Characteristics of Agricultural and Plantation Wastes as Solid Biomass Energy Feedstock: A Systematic Review Tambunan, Hardiansyah; Safrizal; Fahmi, Mutiara
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.6

Abstract

The conversion of agricultural and plantation waste into biomass energy represents a promising pathway in the global transition to environmentally friendly energy sources. However, systematic comparisons of different types of agricultural and plantation biomass waste remain limited. This study aims to identify and evaluate the characteristics of various agricultural and plantation wastes to determine their feasibility as solid biomass energy feedstock. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, DOAJ, and manual searches, focusing on articles published between 2014 and 2025. A total of 32 relevant studies were selected based on inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that coconut shells, coffee grounds, and oil palm kernel shells possess superior fuel properties, particularly high calorific values of ≥ 4000 cal/g, making them highly suitable for solid biofuel production. These findings emphasize the strategic potential of agricultural and plantation waste as a sustainable energy source. The study contributes to the advancement of circular economy practices, promotes effective waste management, and supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Golput dalam Pemilu Perspektif Hukum Politik Islam: Telaah Pemikiran Ali Muhammad al-Sallabi Jiyadi, Mufid; Fahmi, Mutiara; Umur, Azmil
Politica: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara dan Politik Islam Vol 12 No 1 (2025): POLITICA: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara dan Politik Islam
Publisher : Prodi Tata Negara (Siyasah) IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/politica.v12i1.12387

Abstract

This article discusses scholars' views on the law of not exercising the right to vote in general elections from the perspective of Islamic political law, especially in the view of Ali Muhammad Sallabi. This study arises from the existence of different scholarly perspectives in assessing the position of elections and citizens' attitudes in exercising their voting rights. For this reason, three aspects are discussed: first, the view of Ali Muhammad Sallabi regarding the law of not exercising the right to vote in the election process; second, the perspective of Islamic political law on Sallabi's view; third, the relevance of Sallabi's view to the concept of modern law. The approach used is a conceptual approach, with the type of normative legal research. Data comes from library legal materials collected through book survey techniques. Data analysis is prescriptive-analytic. The research findings show that Ali Muhammad Sallabi argues that in the context of the state, exercising the right to vote in elections is obligatory. His argument refers to Quranic principles, the practice of the Companions regarding leadership regeneration, and the concept of public interest. Sallabi's opinion aligns with the principles of Islamic political law because there is no evidence explicitly prohibiting or commanding the use of voting rights in elections, while exercising the right to vote brings benefits. Furthermore, Sallabi's view is relevant to the concept of modern law, where leadership elections are carried out through voting processes, and citizens exercise their voting rights as part of realizing democratic principles.
Penerapan Kaidah Fiqh Al-Hajatu Tanzilu Manzilata Al-Dharurah dalam Kompleksitas Perubahan Kehidupan Fahmi , Mutiara; Sufyan, Muhammad Suhaili
Lentera: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Lentera: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/lentera.v6i1.8751

Abstract

Al-hajatu tanzzilu manzilata al-dharurah (the need to occupy an emergency position) is a fiqh rule that is often misunderstood in its use in an effort to justify changes to a law. The reason for using this method is often based on an urgent need that seems to be the same as or at least approaching an emergency. On the basis of an emergency, a law or legal procedure can be "violated" temporarily. This study will focus on the Al-hajatu tanzzilu manzilata al-dharurah fiqh rules in order to understand the difference between the terms al-dharurah (emergency) and al-hajah (need), so that it can be ascertained which legal acts can change due to necessity and which cannot changed. After reviewing various ushul fiqh literature, it can be concluded that this rule can be developed in its application to various emergencies in life both in the fields of economics, energy, food, education, human rights, politics and worship.
ANALISIS RELEVANSI DAR AL-ISLAM DI MASA MODEREN PERSPEKTIF YUSUF AL-QARADHAWI Fahmi, Mutiara; Usman, Mohd. Gadhafi
As-Siyadah Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Maret As-Siyadah: Jurnal Politik dan Hukum Tata Negara
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Tata Negara (Siyasah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/as-siyadah.v2i1.2802

Abstract

Konsep negara Islam (Dar Al-Islam) merupakan salah satu tema politik yang selalu hangat dibincangkan. Sebagian memandang Islam memiliki prinsip-prinsip dan norma politik dan pemerintahan yang dapat diterapkan dalam semua bentuk pemerintahan, sementara lain menganggap pemberlakuan formil sebagai sebuah keharusan. Pendapat lebih ektrem menyatakan tidak ada hubungan sama sekali antara ajaran Islam dengan negara. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis-normatif/ Doktrinal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, menurut Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi konsep Dar Al-Islam atau daulah Islam bukanlah daulah diniyah atau teokrasi, bukan juga negara sekuler yang memisahkan agama dengan negara, dar Al-Islam adalah negara madani (daulah madaniyyah) atau negara sipil. Relevansi Dar Al-Islam dimasa moderen menurut pendapat Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi dapat dilihat dengan dua aspek. Pertama; bahwa konsep dar Islam mengimbangi konsep negara ideologi yang ada pada saat ini. Kedua; prinsip-prinsip hukum yang ditetapkan dalam Dar Al-Islam menurutnya sama negara bangsa (nation state), yang menerapkan sistem demokrasi, musyawarah (syura), dan sistem pemerintahan yang mementingkan hak-hak sipil. Konsep kesatuan politik, wilayah dan hukum yang dikemukakan Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi terkait Dar al-Islam tidak relevan dengan konteks realita negara bangsa saat ini. Keberadaan negara memang diakui dapat menguatkan agama dan dakwah Islam, namun bukan prioritas. Kebolehan menjalankan ibadah dengan bebas bagi umat Islam adalah batas minimal sebuah wilayah dikatakan dar al-Islam menurut para fuqaha.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Amiruddin Abidin Nurdin Asmaul Husna Azmil Umur Azmil Umur, Azmil Dedy Sumardi Elfrida Ratnawati Fadhlullah, Nyak fahmi, fitiya Hanafiyah, Muhibuddin Iskandar Usman Jiyadi, Mufid Khairil Akbar Khairuddin Hasballah Mohd. Gadhafi Usman Mufid Muhammad Syuib Mursyid Djawas Muslim Zainuddin Musrafiyan Musrafiyan Nurhayati Ali Hasan Nyak Fadhlullah Riadhus Sholihin Ridwan Nurdin Rizki Akbar, Rizki Rizki Mulya Nanda Safrizal Sinta Kartika Putri sri, sri anggraini wibowo Sufyan, Muhammad Suhaili Tambunan, Hardiansyah Usman, Mohd. Gadhafi Wahyuni, Yenny Sri Yunita Arnanada Zahlul Pasha