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Antioxidant Activity and Lipid Content of Aurantiochytrium sp. from Raja Ampat and Kepulauan Seribu Witasari, Hardi Astuti; Kintoko, Kintoko; Mahfudh, Nurkhasanah; Suhendra, Suhendra; Rangkuti, Ahmad Faizal; Ilmia, Nisrien; Santoso, Blegoh Iwan; Hutari, Andri
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 20, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.1015

Raja Ampat (Southwest Papua Province) and Kepulauan Seribu (Jakarta Raya Province) are part of Indonesia#39;s territory, which includes the mangrove forest area. This habitat supports a diverse array of animals, plants, and microalgae, including Aurantiochytrium sp. It has antioxidant activity related to lipid content. This study aims to identify the lipid content and the antioxidant effects of the microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp.’s extract isolated from the mangrove forest areas of Raja Ampat and Kepulauan Seribu. The extraction process was conducted using the Folch method, which involves a 2:1 (v/v) chloroform-methanol solvent ratio. The microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. extract of Raja Ampat (MAERA) and microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. extract of Kepulauan Seribu (MAEKS) were analyzed using GC-MS, antioxidant potential tested in silico by target proteins (5ZLG, 2A1X, 3VLN, and 1EEM) using Autodock Tools, and in vitro by DPPH and ABTS radicals and the carotenoid bleaching method. The results showed that total squalene and fatty acids in MAERA and MAEKS were at different levels. Squalene as a ligand had the lowest binding energy (-9.4, -6.6, -7.7, and -6.5) compared to the native ligand (-5.6, -4.4, -5.2, and -5.2) and ascorbic acid (-5.6, -4.8, -5.3, and -4.9) by in silico antioxidant activity. The in vitro antioxidant activities by DPPH, ABTS, and ß-caroteen bleaching were 103.00 ± 3.75, 216.39 ± 367, 214.62 ± 7,07 (MAERA); and 131.85 ± 23.48, 225.50 ± 3.36, 251.69 ± 5.39 (MAEKS) were not significantly different (pgt;0.05) by all methods. These findings showed that the Aurantiochytrium sp. strains Raja Ampat and Kepulauan Seribu contained diverse levels of fatty acids and squalene. In the in silico study, squalene was evaluated and in vitro, the MAERA and MAEKS extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity.

Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Baeckea frutescens L. (Ujung Atap) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometery) Analysis Mahfudh, Nurkhasanah; Apriyani, Silvi; Narwanti, Iin
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21163

Ujung Atap plant (Baeckea frutescens L.) is a shrub that resembles a pine tree and is usually found in tropical hills, mountains, and coastal environments. B. frutescens contains flavonoids and phenolic compounds which have known as potential antioxidants. B. frutescens also contains essential oils which have been used as various treatments and aromatherapy. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of antioxidants in Ujung atap essential oils based on the IC50 value with the ABTS method and identify the chemical compound components of Ujung atap essential oils with the GC-MS. The stages of this research method consist of making Ujung atap essential oil using the steam-water distillation method, measuring the antioxidant activity of Ujung atap leaf essential oil using the ABTS method (2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) and analysis of the chemical compound components of Ujung atap essential oil using the GC-MS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy). Based on the results of this research, it is known that the antioxidant activity of the ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L.) is included in the very weak category with an IC50 of 481.525 ± 5.455 μl/L or equivalent to 435.154 ± 4.930 ug/mL. Meanwhile, the comparative antioxidant activity of quercetin has an IC50 value of 2.846 ± 0.156 μg/mL, which is included in the very strong category. In the analysis test of the essential oil compound content of the ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L.), it was discovered that there were six main components of the essential oil compound of the ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L.) who had a concentration of more than 5%.) who have concentration more than 5%, namely, 1-beta- Pinene (21.62%), 1,8-Cineole (17.73%), alpha-pinene (14.93%), Gamma-Terpinene (6.84%), 3- Cyclohexene-1-methanol,α,α,4-trimethyl-(CAS) (5.78%), and Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2- ene,3,6,6 trimethyl-(CAS) (5.02%).

Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolics, and Total Flavonoids Content of Bajakah Tampala (Spatholobus littoralis): The Indigenous Herbal Medicine from Kalimantan Mahfudh, Nurkhasanah; Murdi, Habib Basyanur; Utami, Dwi; Ahda, Mustofa; Nashihah, Siti; Andika, Andika
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v7i3.6609

Bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis), a medicinal plant traditionally used in Indonesia, particularly on Kalimantan Island, has garnered interest for its potential health benefits. However, scientific evidence remains scarce. This study investigated the antioxidant activity of S. littoralis extract and its total phenolic and flavonoid content. Ethanol extraction and evaporation were used to prepare the extract. The DPPH method assessed antioxidant activity, while Folin–Ciocalteu and AlCl3 complexation methods quantified total phenolics and flavonoids, respectively. The S. littoralis extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 54.19 ± 8.15 µg/mL. Additionally, the extract contained substantial levels of phenolics (0.649 ± 0.026% GAE) and flavonoids (1.084 ± 0.043% QE). These findings suggest a link between the high phenolic and flavonoid content of S. littoralis extract and its observed strong antioxidant activity.

Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Baeckea frutescens L. (Ujung Atap) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometery) Analysis Mahfudh, Nurkhasanah; Apriyani, Silvi; Narwanti, Iin
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2025): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.21163

Ujung Atap plant (Baeckea frutescens L.) is a shrub that resembles a pine tree and is usually found in tropical hills, mountains, and coastal environments. B. frutescens contains flavonoids and phenolic compounds which have known as potential antioxidants. B. frutescens also contains essential oils which have been used as various treatments and aromatherapy. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of antioxidants in Ujung atap essential oils based on the IC50 value with the ABTS method and identify the chemical compound components of Ujung atap essential oils with the GC-MS. The stages of this research method consist of making Ujung atap essential oil using the steam-water distillation method, measuring the antioxidant activity of Ujung atap leaf essential oil using the ABTS method (2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) and analysis of the chemical compound components of Ujung atap essential oil using the GC-MS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy). Based on the results of this research, it is known that the antioxidant activity of the ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L.) is included in the very weak category with an IC50 of 481.525 ± 5.455 μl/L or equivalent to 435.154 ± 4.930 ug/mL. Meanwhile, the comparative antioxidant activity of quercetin has an IC50 value of 2.846 ± 0.156 μg/mL, which is included in the very strong category. In the analysis test of the essential oil compound content of the ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L.), it was discovered that there were six main components of the essential oil compound of the ujung atap (Baeckea frutescens L.) who had a concentration of more than 5%.) who have concentration more than 5%, namely, 1-beta- Pinene (21.62%), 1,8-Cineole (17.73%), alpha-pinene (14.93%), Gamma-Terpinene (6.84%), 3- Cyclohexene-1-methanol,α,α,4-trimethyl-(CAS) (5.78%), and Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2- ene,3,6,6 trimethyl-(CAS) (5.02%).

Penetapan kadar alkohol pada kosmetik menggunakan metode kromatografi gas Albab, Farah Qisth; Mahfudh, Nurkhasanah
Journal of Halal Science and Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): September
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Alkohol merupakan bahan yang banyak digunakan di farmasi, salah satunya kosmetik. Â Penggunaan alkohol pada kosmetik biasanya memiliki fungsi sebagai pelarut, astrigent, desinfektan, mengurangi tegangan permukaan, dan meningkatkan daya pembersih. Â Penggunaan alkohol di kosmetik menurut Majelis Ulama Indonesia diperbolehkan asalkan tidak berasal dari industri khamr, namun sekarang banyak kosmetik yang terdapat label free alcohol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan alkohol pada produk kosmetik yang mengklaim free alcoholÂ dan mengetahui kadar alkohol pada kosmetik. Metode penelitian dilakukan mengunakan teknik obsevasional survey, non probability berupa simple random sampling pada kosmetik di swalayan. Salah satu validasi metode analisa yaitu uji kesesuaian sistem dilakukan sebelum analis sampel untuk memastikan bahwa instrumen dapat menghasilkan data yang dapat diterima yaitu nilai tR sampel untuk mengetahui mengandung alkohol atau tidak. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan rasio AUC etanol-isopropanol dengan kadar dan dibuat regresi linear. Hasil uji kesesuaian sistem dengan parameter RSD tR 0,2231%; TF 0,9568; N 2872,5318; dan Rs 1,874 memenuhi syarat kecuali RSD AUC 10,0277% tidak memenuhi syarat sehingga sistem akan mengahasilkan data yang dapat diterima.Â Empat sampel dari 6 sampel kosmetik micellar water dan toner positif mengandung alkohol tidak sesuai dengan label pada kemasan yaitu produk kosmetik Wardah, Mustika Ratu, Pixy dan Pondâ€™s. Dua sampel negatif tidak mengandung alkohol adalah Nivea dan Himalaya. Range kadar alkohol yang terdapat pada kosmetik tersebut dari 2,48 x10-4% - 4,96 x10-4 %.

INTERLEUKIN LEVELS IN THE Zingiber cassumunar-TREATED MICE Mahfudh, Nurkhasanah
BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol.28 No.2, Agustus 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

The cytokine is one of the proteins responsible for the immune system. Several types of cytokines acting as key regulators of infection include IL-10, IL-12, and IL-14. The chemical content of Zingiber cassumunar shows potential immunomodulatory effects. This study aimed to determine the effect of the ethanol extract of Zingiber cassumunar (EEZC) on the expressions of IL-10, IL-12, and IL-14. The test animals were BALB/c mice, which were divided into five groups, i.e., normal group (untreated), negative control group (treated with 10% of tween 80), and three treatment groups that respectively received 1.25 mg, 2.5mg, and 5mg/20g BW of EEZC. The treatment was carried out for 21 days. On the 22ndday, the mice were induced with LPS intraperitoneally (except for the normal group). The interleukin expression was observed by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies, and the expressed cells were counted under a microscope. The administration of EEZC at the doses of 1.25 mg, 2.5mg, and 5mg/20g BW for 21 days increased the expression of IL-10, IL-12, and IL-14 significantly and proportionally to the dose. and suggested the potency of extract to induce both innate and adaptive immunity. This activity may be attributable to curcumin as an active compound in this extract.

Readiness Society to Enter the Era of Halal Drug Certification Mandatory in Terms of Knowledge, Perceptions, and Attitudes Ahmad Azrul Zuniarto; Nurkhasanah Mahfudh; Dyah Aryani Perwitasari; Siti Pandanwangi
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 10 No SpecialIssue (2024): Science Education, Ecotourism, Health Science
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v10iSpecialIssue.7771

The halal lifestyle trend is currently developing in various regions of the world, not only in areas where the majority of the population is Muslim but also where the population is Muslim minority. This study aims to determine the level and correlation of public knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward halal medicine and correlation with demographic data. This cross-sectional study was conducted online using a validated questionnaire, conducted in January-February 2023 on 600 respondents in six provinces of Java Island, using a purposive sampling method with inclusion criteria over 17 years old and exclusion criteria not being a doctor or pharmacist. The Spearman test was used to correlate knowledge-perception-attitude, and the Chi-square test was used to correlate demographic data with knowledge, attitude, and perception. The results showed that the level of public knowledge was sufficient (mean score 33.74 ± 2.37), the perception was sufficient (mean score 35.91 ± 3.47) and the attitude was sufficient (mean score 31.17 ± 4.25) towards halal medicine. Age, education, and place of work affect knowledge; and place of work affects perception. It is concluded that the community has sufficient knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes, knowledge-perception is significantly correlated, knowledge-attitude is weak and perception-attitude is strongly correlated

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