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Biodegradation activities of microplastic polymers by Agelas conifera sponge-symbiotic bacteria Ismet, Meutia Samira; Srimariana, Endang Sunarwati; Cahyati, Nur Alam Dwi; Anggraini, Nurlita Putri; Simbolon, Lenni Mariana; Cakasana, Nadya; Rafi, Mohamad
Depik Vol 14, No 2 (2025): JUNE 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Research on microplastic (MP) accumulation in marine organisms' tissue have been widely conducted, as well as research on microplastic biodegradation by microbial organisms from the environment.Agelas coniferasponge is proven to accumulate MP in its tissue as well as having bacteria as symbiotic organism. This research aims to screen and study biodegradation activities ofA. coniferasymbiotic bacteria on MP polymers, alsoto identify the species of those bacteria isolates. Bacterial Isolation ofA. coniferasponge tissue was using Zobell 2216E agar media. Screening and biodegradation assay of the bacteria isolates was conducted on Marine Salt Media agar that was added with 0,5 g of MP polymers, using Kroc-Boral method. Diameter of clear (bacterial growth) zone surrounding Kroc-Boral indicated the biodegradation activity of the bacterial isolates. Statistical analysis on the activity was using Two Way ANOVA. Results showed that there were 9 bacterial isolates of 53 that could degrade several MP polymers, with different activities (ANOVA, p value 0.05). High and low-density polymers (Linear- Low Density PolyEthylene/ LLDPE, Polyethylene/PE, and Polyvinyl Chloride/ PVC) were found to be degraded by all 9 isolates. Meanwhile, Polyethylen Taraphtalene (PET) and Polystyrene (PS) only degraded by 8 and 3 isolates, respectively. There are only 5 isolates that have high biodegradation index (1.5) on different polymers, which mostly on PET polymer. Isolate Ac8MP found to be the most bacteria that have degradation index on all polymers more than 1.This research proves that symbiotic bacteria could have a biodegradation mechanism on MP polymers that accumulates by sponge-host. However, further study needs to be done to understand the mechanisms and effectiveness of sponge-bacterial biodegradation activity.
Effective DNA extraction method for metagenomic analysis of rhizosphere bacteria from mangrove sediments Siti Maysaroh; Meutia Samira Ismet; Beginer Subhan; Rita Andini; Enny Rimita Sembiring; Nurlita Putri Anggraini
Depik Vol 12, No 2 (2023): AUGUST 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.12.2.32850

Abstract

Mangrove, Rhizophora mucronata, grows in the intertidal area, which contains much organic matter and varying salinity. The organic matter content is influenced by the bacterial community that inhabits the ecosystem, but information regarding the bacterial community, especially in the mangrove root system, is not widely available. There are several challenges in completing this information, one of which is that the method used is still in a conventional form. Developments in environmental DNA analysis can support and complement this information. However, this method must be optimized because the organic matter content and salt variations affect the extraction results. Thus, this study aimed to determine the optimal approach for extracting bacterial DNA from mangrove sediments. The analysis used two methodologies: manual DNA extraction techniques based on buffer modification and DNA extraction kits. There were four different treatments, namely the soil DNA isolation plus kit (M1), the fecal / soil microbial quick-DNA miniprep kit (M2), glass powder with charcoal (M3), and glass powder with skimmed milk (M4). DNA samples were obtained from each method and assessed for concentration and purity using a nanodrop. In addition, the resulting DNA's quality was analyzed using 1.5% agarose. The results obtained were in the M2 treatment, which showed optimal results compared to the others. M2 uses a bead-based beating and spin column method to achieve optimal DNA concentration through high molecular weight. The DNA obtained was also protein-free, and several samples were contaminated with humic acid, namely KL.S1, KL.S4, and T7.S4.Keywords:Bacteria 16SBead beatingDNA ExtractionSedimentSpin column
Analysis of Abundance and Composition of Culturable Bacteria and Their Relationship with Water Quality Parameters in Intensive Shrimp Ponds Gede Iwan Setiabudi; Kadek Lila Antara; Hamdanul Fain; Meutia Samira Ismet
Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Udayana University (LP2M Universitas Udayana)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/ATBES.2026.v10.i01.p01

Abstract

Intensive cultivation of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) is a crucial pillar of the aquaculture economy, but it faces sustainability challenges due to water-quality degradation driven by microbial activity. This study aims to analyze the total bacterial count (TBC) and total Vibrio count (TVC), identify the dominant culturable bacterial genera, and determine their statistical relationship with physicochemical water quality parameters in intensive shrimp ponds. The research methodology included regular sampling of water and sediment over one cultivation cycle. Water quality was analyzed using standard methods, while bacterial enumeration was performed using the spread plate technique on Marine Agar and Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Sucrose Agar media. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between variables. The results show that some water quality parameters, particularly ammonia and TOM, tended to increase and exceed the SNI 01-7246-2006 quality standard as the cultivation cycle progressed. The abundance of TBC and TVC in sediment (average 106−107CFU/g) was significantly higher than in the water column (average 104−105 CFU/mL). Correlation analysis revealed a strong and significant negative relationship between DO and TBC (r=−0.85, p<0.01) and TVC (r=−0.79, p<0.01). Conversely, a strong and significant positive correlation was found between TOM and TBC (r=0.91, p<0.01) and TVC (r=0.88, p<0.01), as well as between ammonia and both TBC and TVC. It is concluded that the abundance of culturable bacteria, especially TBC and TVC, serves as a sensitive biological indicator of organic load and ecological stress in intensive pond systems. The strong predictive relationship between these microbial metrics and key parameters, such as DO and TOM, underscores the importance of microbiological monitoring for proactive management and improved sustainability in aquaculture.
Morphometric Features of Noctiluca scintillans from Jakarta Bay Radixa Radhya Ramadhan Haryanto; Meutia Samira Ismet; Adriani Sunuddin; Inna Puspa Ayu; Muhammad Izzat Nugraha; Alfaiz Arselan; Kesha Mufthi Java Tanaya; Dea Fauzia Lestari; Dondy Arafat; Nadya Cakasana; Beginer Subhan
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 31, No 2 (2026): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.31.2.133-144

Abstract

Noctiluca scintillans is a mixotrophic dinoflagellate commonly associated with eutrophic coastal systems and bloom dynamics. This study aims to characterize the morphometric variability of N. scintillans in Jakarta Bay, a tropical coastal environment strongly influenced by anthropogenic nutrient enrichment, and to evaluate how cellular morphology reflects functional and ecological responses under eutrophic conditions. Plankton samples were collected in February 2024 and analyzed using high-resolution microscopy to quantify key morphometric traits, including cell diameter, biovolume, aspect ratio, surface area-to-volume (SA:V) ratio, and nucleus-to-cytoplasm (N:C) ratio. Differences between red (RNS) and green (GNS) morphotypes were assessed using non-parametric statistical analyses, and preserved measurements were corrected to estimate live cell size. A total of 121 cells were analyzed, with RNS overwhelmingly dominating the population. RNS exhibited significantly larger cell diameter and volume than GNS, while SA:V ratios differed significantly between morphotypes, indicating functional differences in size-related morphology. In contrast, aspect ratio did not differ significantly, suggesting overall conservation of cell shape across morphotypes. Estimated live cell sizes indicate that N. scintillans populations in Jakarta Bay are dominated by relatively small cells compared to those reported from temperate regions. Variability in the N:C ratio further suggests heterogeneity in cellular physiological states within the population. Overall, these findings establish a morphometric baseline for N. scintillans in Jakarta Bay and highlight the value of morphometric traits as integrative indicators of physiological variability and environmental forcing in tropical eutrophic coastal systems.