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Otong Nurhilal
Departemen Fisika Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Padjadjaran
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Other

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Article Review: Organic Solar Cell Gultom, Noto Susanto; Azka, Muhamad Fauzan; Khoir, Irfansyah; Hashifa, Chisa; Nurasiah, Nurasiah; Iskandar, Johan; Nurhilal, Otong
JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika) Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jiif.v9i2.65954

Abstract

One of the emerging technologies that has gained attention as an alternative for meeting renewable energy demands is the Organic Solar Cell (OSC). OSC is a type of photovoltaic device that utilizes organic electronic materials. The fundamental operating principle of OSC is based on the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO), with organic compounds serving as the active materials, enabling the conversion of light energy into electricity. Research on OSC has continuously evolved over the years to achieve optimal performance. The substrate/transport layer, which serves as the foundation for the organic active layer in OSC, can be categorized into several types, including ITO-based OSC, conducting polymer-based OSC, silver nanowire-based OSC, metal-based OSC, and graphene-based OSC. Organic solar cells offer several promising prospects, such as relatively low production costs, as well as flexible and transparent design features. However, OSCs also face several challenges, including relatively low efficiency and environmental stability concerns. Addressing these challenges is crucial to unlocking the full potential of OSC technology. This article first provides a general overview of OSC advancements, followed by a summary and analysis of its working principles, performance parameters, and structural components. Finally, we explore recent breakthroughs in OSC development in detail.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE, EQUIVALENCE RATIO (ER) AND GASIFYING AGENT AGAINST COLD GAS EFFICIENCY (CGE) AND TAR: SISTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW RAHMAH, DEWI ANISA; NURHILAL, OTONG
Jurnal Material dan Energi Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jme.v15i2.69127

Abstract

The global energy transition to renewable sources places biomass and gasification technologies as crucial solutions for producing syngas. The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzed the influence of operational parameters, namely Temperature, Equivalent Ratio (ER) and Gasification Agent on Cold Gas Efficiency (CGE) and Tar in biomass gasification. Based on the PRISMA methodology and the analysis of 30 selected articles, it was found that temperature has a non-linear and critical relationship. CGE reaches a peak of 75% in the range of 750°C to 800°C, while tar reduction occurs above 800°C through a thermal cracking mechanism. The optimal ER value was identified at 0.37 which resulted in a maximum concentration of flammable gases of H2 and CO with minimal tar. In addition, gasification agents such as flue gas show better quality syngas than air. By design, the downdraft type reactor proved to be superior with a much lower tar concentration of 0.05-0.45 g/Nm3 compared to the updraft type of 10.9 g/Nm3. The SLR results underscore the importance of multivariable parameter optimization for efficient and reliable gasification performance.
Analysis of Air Preheater Effectiveness using The Number Transfer Unit (NTU) Method Before and After Overhaul of Unit 2 of The West Java Palabuhan Ratu PLTU Fitriyani, Elsa; Nurhilal, Otong; Setianto, Setianto
JIIF (Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika) Vol 10, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jiif.v10i2.71545

Abstract

The air preheater (APH) is a heat exchanger component that plays a crucial role in improving boiler combustion efficiency through the reuse of hot exhaust gases. Continuous use of the APH at the Jabar 2 Palabuhan Ratu PLTU can lead to a decline in performance, characterized by reduced heat transfer effectiveness. To restore APH performance, an overhaul was performed, including cleaning and replacing the elements. The analysis was based on actual operating data by comparing pre- and post-overhaul conditions at nearly equivalent loads using the NTU-effectiveness method, as well as calculating the effect of O₂-based air leakage. The results showed that the overhaul improved the APH's performance. Under pre-overhaul conditions with a load of 333.86 MW, the effectiveness value was 85.04%, increasing to 87.72% at a load of 329.75 MW after the overhaul. At a load of 336.98 MW, the effectiveness increased from 85.68% to 87.30% at a load of 346 MW after the overhaul. At a load of 284.33 MW, the effectiveness increased from 85.82% to 87.10% at a load of 282.99 MW after the overhaul. Furthermore, the air leakage value decreased from 13.54% to 11.47% after the overhaul.
Synthesis of Solar Panel Cooling Devices from A Mixture of Paraffin and Coconut Shell Activated Carbon Nurhilal, Otong; Sekarwati, Dyah; Daniel, Fritz; Gultom, Noto Susanto; Setianto, Setianto
Teknotan: Jurnal Industri Teknologi Pertanian Vol 20, No 2 (2026): TEKNOTAN, Agustus 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jt.vol20n2.5

Abstract

Coconut shell is a plantation waste that has the potential as an activated charcoal material due to its high lignocellulose content. Coconut shell activated charcoal (CSAC) is made through a carbonization process and chemical and physical activation. CSAC has been used in several applications such as adsorbents and electrode components. In this study, CSAC was used as a passive coolant mixture of Phase Change Material (PCM) from paraffin wax (PW). CSAC was made from charcoal that was carbonized at a temperature of 700oC and activated with ZnCl2. CSAC testing included specific surface area, diffraction patterns, functional groups and surface morphology. The results of the N2 isothermic test on CSAC obtained a specific surface area of 420.22 m2/g, a total pore volume of 0.22 cm3/g and an average pore diameter of 2.13 nm. The results of the XRD test showed the nature of CSAC with an amorphous polycyclic aromatic carbon structure. The results of the FTIR test showed aliphatic C–H functional groups derived from the remaining hydrocarbon chains of the cellulose and lignin structures. The C–O, O–H functional groups have been formed which indicates that activated carbon has been formed. The results of the SEM test showed a hollow surface with pore sizes dominated by mesoporous structures. Furthermore, CSAC was added to PCM-PW with a ratio of 5%:95% and 10%:90%. The test results showed an increase in the thermal conductivity of PCMCSAC. The use of SPPCMCSAC in solar panels has succeeded in reducing the surface temperature of solar panels by about 10oC and increasing efficiency by about 10%. The test results of SPPCMCSAC on solar panels demonstrate the ability of SPPCMCSAC to maintain solar panel efficiency.
Co-Authors ABDUL HARIS Abdurrohman Abdurrohman AFANDI, KOMALA A Affandi, Komala Affiyanti Ahmad Taufik Anda Suhanda Aswad H Saad Aswad Hi Saad Aswad Hi Saad Aswad Hi Saad Azka, Muhamad Fauzan Cukup Mulyana Cukup Mulyana Dadan Sumiarsa Daniel, Fritz Darmawan Hidayat Dimas Panglima Putera Febi Luthfiani Ferry Faizal Fitriyani, Elsa Handaka, Asep Agus Harry Poetra Hashifa, Chisa Jajat Yuda Mindara JAJAT YUDA MINDARA, JAJAT Johan Iskandar Khoir, Irfansyah KOMALA A AFANDI Komala Affiyanti Affandi Lola Oktalita Nisa Putri M. Farhan Yusuf Mochamad Arief Soleh Muhammad Fuad Abdul Hakim Nana Suryana Nendi Suhendi Nendi Suhendi Syafei Noto Susanto Gultom Nurasiah Nurasiah PUSPITA MELATI ANGGRAENI Putra, Mohammad Alexin Quadrant Barokatus Salam Quadrant Barokatus Salam Rahmah, Dewi Anisa RISDIANA RISDIANA Risdiana Risdiana S. Rosalinda Sahrul Hidayat Sekarwati, Dyah Setianto Setianto Setianto Setianto Setianto, Dadan Husni M Sihombing, Bintang Angelica Natalya Sri Suryaningsih Sri Suryaningsih Sri Suyaningsih Suhanda, Anda Tubagus Chaeru Nugraha Wahyu Alamsyah WAHYU ALAMSYAH, WAHYU Wahyu Kristian Sugandi