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All Journal jurnal niara JURNAL MUQODDIMAH : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hummaniora Kemudi TRANSBORDERS: International Relations Journal Andalas Journal of International Studies WIMAYA: Interdisciplinary Journal of International Affairs JKP (Jurnal Kajian Pemerintah: Journal of Government Social and Politics) International Journal of Sociology and Law
Rendi Prayuda
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Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Analysis of Indonesia’s Primary Weapon Systems Modernization Policy as a Geopolitical Strategy in Southeast Asia, 2020–2025 Yasmin, Muhammad Al Fajar; Prayuda, Rendi; Sary, Dian Venita
Kemudi Vol 10 No 2 (2026): Kemudi: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Pemerintahan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/kemudi.v10i2.8248

Abstract

The geopolitical dynamics of Southeast Asia during the 2020–2025 period have been shaped by intensifying great power rivalry, rising tensions in the South China Sea, and the transformation of security threats toward multidimensional forms, positioning the modernization of Indonesia’s main weapon systems (alutsista) as a critical instrument for strengthening national defense while reinforcing the country’s geopolitical posture. This study analyzes Indonesia’s defense modernization policy as a geopolitical strategy and identifies structural constraints affecting its implementation through a qualitative descriptive policy analysis based on literature review and secondary data from defense policy documents, government reports, and international security publications, grounded in realist theory and foreign policy analysis that emphasize the state’s role within an anarchic system characterized by power competition and security dilemmas. The findings indicate that modernization performs a dual defense–geopolitical function by enhancing military readiness, supporting Minimum Essential Force (MEF) targets, strengthening deterrence, maintaining regional balance of power, and elevating Indonesia’s strategic bargaining position; however, its effectiveness remains constrained by limited defense budgets, technological dependence on foreign suppliers, underdeveloped domestic defense industry capacity, and inconsistent long-term strategic planning. The study also evaluates modernization through indicators of deterrence posture, strategic signaling, and defense industrial autonomy to measure its geopolitical effectiveness beyond material capability enhancement. The study concludes that the success of defense modernization as a geopolitical strategy depends on the integrated alignment of defense policy, defense diplomacy, and national defense industrial development to achieve sustainable strategic autonomy and reinforce regional stability amid intensifying geopolitical competition
Co-Authors Agung Wicaksono Alfajri Alfajri, Alfajri Angeli, Fanesa Ashshiddiqy, Muhammad Arsy Cifebrima Suyastri Faisyal Rani Jayandi, Riezki Adma Meita Istianda Munir, Fitrisia Pratiwi, Yunita Priyo Budi Maryoso Rima Febriani Sary, Dian Venita Sasmi, Dini Tiara Sundari, Rio Syafrana, Riski Venita Sary, Dian Yasmin, Muhammad Al Fajar Yudilla, Artha