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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Teknologi Indonesia Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Berkelanjutan Makara Journal of Science Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Nino Rinaldi
Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Puspiptek Serpong, Banten
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Transportation

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Produksi Biofuel dari Minyak Nyamplung Menggunakan Reaksi Hydrocracking Al-Muttaqii, Muhammad; Rinaldi, Nino; Irawan, Chairul
Jurnal Teknologi Berkelanjutan Vol 13 No 2 (2024): Vol 13 No. 02
Publisher : Lambung Mangkurat University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jtb.v13i2.289

Abstract

Studies on hydrocracking of nyamplung oil into biofuel have been studied using the HZSM-5 catalyst. The HZSM-5 catalyst was modified into HZSM-5 mesopore and impregnated using transition metals namely Cobalt, Nickel and Cuprum with a metal loading of 5% and a metal ratio ratio of 1:1:1. The resulting catalyst was then characterized using X-Ray Difraction (XRD), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET), and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). The hydrocracking process was carried out in a batch reactor by adding 0.5 grams of catalyst and a volume of Nyamplung oil of 15 mL. The temperaturs used vary from 250, 300, and 350 oC with a hydrogen gas pressure of 20 bar, and a reaction time of 2 hours. The resulting biofuel product is analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The resulting biofuel product has a compound composition of n-paraffin with an area % of 26.72%, cycloparaffin 3.34%, olefin 0.33%, aromatic compounds 15.83% and polycyclic aromatics 12.56%, with a conversion of 72.1% in temperatur 350 oC. Biofuel from nyamplung oil can be used as an alternative fuel to reduce dependence on fossil fuels through the hydrocracking process.
Catalytic Performance of Cu-Ni supported on Rice Husk Ash-derived SiO2 for the Hydrogenation of Ethylene Carbonate to Ethylene Glycol Maharani, Najiah Sephia; Rahmawati, Novia Dwi; Aziz, Isalmi; Maryati, Yati; Agustian, Egi; Widjaya, Robert Ronal; Yati, Indri; Prasetyo, Joni; Rinaldi, Nino; Dwiatmoko, Adid Adep
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 1 Year 2025 (April 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20336

Abstract

Ethylene glycol, a crucial compound extensively utilized in solvents, coolants, antifreeze, polyester fiber production, and as a natural gas-drying agent, can be synthesized via the hydrogenation of ethylene carbonate. In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic performance of Cu-Ni/SiO2 catalysts for this reaction, utilizing silica (SiO2) derived from rice husk ash, were investigated. Silica was impregnated with copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) by varying the weight ratio (Cu:Ni = 10, 7:3, 3:7, 10) to prepare bimetallic catalysts. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of both Cu and Ni phases in all the catalysts. The 3Cu7Ni/SiO2 catalyst displayed the lowest reduction temperature and the largest surface area (257.97 m²/g). The 7Cu3Ni/SiO2 catalyst exhibited the highest acidity (1.91 mmol/g) and superior metal dispersion, as confirmed by the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (FE-SEM-EDX) analysis. Catalytic activity was evaluated in a batch reactor under 40 bar H2 pressure at 150 °C for 3 h with a catalyst-to-ethylene carbonate ratio of 5:1. Among the catalysts examined, the 7Cu-3Ni/SiO2 composition demonstrated the highest catalytic performance, achieving 15.14% conversion of ethylene carbonate and 80.51% selectivity towards ethylene glycol. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Molar Ratio Comparison of Ti-Zr as Catalyst Support of Bentonite in Esterification Reaction Firmansyah, Sanji; Agustian, Egi; Rinaldi, Nino; Widiarti, Nuni; Hanifah, Yuliza; Maisaroh, Maisaroh; Sulaswatty, Anny
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 1 Year 2025 (April 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20258

Abstract

Natural bentonite from Pacitan - Indonesia as a support in the preparation of Ti and Zr-pillared metal catalysts (Ti-Zr/bent) for esterification reaction were studied. The preparation of Ti-Zr/bent catalyst was prepared to find out the effect of molar ratios (Ti:Zr) where an investigation was performed in the esterification of waste cooking oil. The catalyst was varied as follows: 0.5:1 (Ti-Zr-1/bent), 1:1 (Ti-Zr-2/bent), 1.5:1 (Ti-Zr-3/bent), 2:1 (Ti-Zr-4/bent), and 5:1 (Ti-Zr-5/bent) were used to determine the yield. The reaction was carried out for 3 hours at 150°C and a pressure of 40 bar N2 gasses. The result of the Ti-Zr/bent catalyst was given increasing significantly for surface area of 133–147 m²/g compares to bentonite 27 m²/g and 10 times of acidity. The best catalyst was shown in 2:1 of ratio Ti:Zr (molar) on esterification reaction with succesfuly performed about 80.40% of yield. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Aluminum, nickel, and manganese supported on bentonite for conversion of ethanol to gasoline Rahmanda, Deri; Wardhani, Sri; Andayani, Ulfa; Widjaya, Robert R.; Dwiatmoko, Adid A.; Rinaldi, Nino; Prasetyo, Joni; Kurniawan, Kezia F.
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 2 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60834

Abstract

The potential of bentonite as a catalyst is rapidly growing, isomorphic substitution in its interlayer allows for cation exchange and facilitates modification to enhance its catalytic properties. The catalytic performance of bentonite can be improved through the insertion of pillared clays (PILC) into its interlayer structure using Al2O3, NiO, and MnO metal oxide alloys. This research aims to develop and study a modified bentonite catalyst, focusing on its physicochemical changes,as well as its activity and selectivity in the conversion of ethanol to biogasoline. The synthesis of oxide pillars on bentonite was carried out at a consistent metal/bentonite mole ratio of 10 mmol/g, with a mixed metal composition of 1:1. The results showed anexpansion of interlayer distance, as measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which increased in all catalysts compared to natural bentonite6,350 (13.94 Å). Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) analysis, revealed that Al/Bentonite exhibited the highest surface area at187.84 m2/g. Total acidity  analyzed, using Temperature Programmed Desorption-Ammonia (TPD-NH3), was found to be 2.33 mmol/g, with Al-Ni/Bentonite showing the highest acidity. Thermal stability, tested throughThermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), indicated that catalysts containing Al and Ni demonstrated the highest stability. The catalytic activity test showed that the Al/bentonite catalyst achieved the highest ethanol conversion rate of68.64% and a catalyst selectivity of 51.70%, as determined byGas Chromatography-Flame Ionized Detector (GC-FID) analysis. These results indicate that the pillarization of bentonite with Al2O3, NiO, and MnO oxides significantly improved its physicochemical properties, activity, and selectivity in the catalytic conversion of ethanol to biogasoline compared to natural bentonite.
The Significant Process Variable of Tea Powder Production Based On Spray Dry Method Fitriady, Muhammad Arifuddin; Rohmah, Alfissyahriyah Nur; RINALDI, NINO; Agustian; SULASWATTY, ANNY; Shabri, Shabri
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Sains dan Materi Indonesia
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Polyphenol, which is very beneficial to the human body, especially as an obesity inhibitor, is one of the leading nutrient content in green tea leaves. To increase popularity as well as practicability, product development needs to be conducted, one of which is to produce an effervescent instant tea. However, a high-density instant tea powder is required in this product development. This study was conducted to predict the significant process variables which affect the density as well as the yield of the instant tea powder. The exploration of significant process variables was conducted based on the Design of the Experiment, while the tea extract was produced using maceration techniques. Maltodextrin was added to the tea extract based on the concentration filler variable. The instant tea powder was produced by the spray drying method, which variable includes the concentration of maltodextrin (filler), the pump flow rate (feed pump), the outlet temperature (Tout), the fan speed, and the atomization air pressure (nozzle). The tapped density of the instant tea powder was analysed and the yield was calculated for each condition. Based on the Pareto graph, it was found that the atomization air pressure (nozzle) is the most significant variable in the spray dry process of instant tea powder.
Effect of Aluminium Loading on SiO2/Al2O3-NiMo Catalysts Synthesized via KHP-template for Crude Palm Oil Hydrocracking Hasanudin, Hasanudin; Nakashima, Mhika; Asri, Wan Ryan; Novia, Novia; Hadiah, Fitri; Maryana, Roni; Al Muttaqii, Muhammad; Rinaldi, Nino
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2025: BCREC Volume 20 Issue 4 Year 2025 (December 2025)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20483

Abstract

The present study evaluates the catalytic activity of SiO2/Al2O3‒x and SiO2/Al2O3‒x‒NiMo (where x = 5, 10, 25 g of aluminium weight) synthesized using a potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) template-assisted route for the hydrocracking of crude palm oil (CPO) into biofuels. Increasing Al weight modified acidity, porosity, and NiMo dispersion, leading to distinct catalytic behavior. The optimal SiO2/Al2O3‒x‒NiMo catalyst (10 g Al) achieved ~94% conversion, dominated by jet fuel-range hydrocarbons (C10-C14) through synergistic hydrodeoxygenation and acid-catalyzed cracking-isomerization pathway. The enhanced performance originates from the balance between acidity and metal dispersion, highlighting that both template selection and Al loading govern the design of efficient SiO2/Al2O3‒NiMo catalysts for biofuel production. Copyright © 2025 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Influence of Nickel and Aluminum in Bentonite for Ethanol-to-Gasoline Reaction Widjaya, Robert Ronal; Siregar, Yusraini D. I.; Nabillah, Syifa H.; Rinaldi, Nino; Simanungkalit, Sabar P.; Prasetyo, Joni; Dwiatmoko, Adid Adep
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2026: BCREC Volume 21 Issue 1 Year 2026 (April 2026)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20502

Abstract

Bentonite can be used as a catalyst due to its flexible structure. However, it has several drawbacks, including low thermal and hydrothermal stability, as well as a small surface area and pore volume. This study aims to modify the structure of bentonite using the pillared clay (PILC) method, in order to improve its physicochemical properties and catalytic activity. The bentonite was pillared with aluminium (Al/PILC), nickel (Ni/PILC), and a combination of both metals (Al-Ni/PILC). Catalyst characterization was carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Temperature Programmed Desorption of Ammonia (TPD-NH₃), Thermogravimetric Analysis-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA-DSC), and Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID). XRD analysis showed an increase in the interlayer spacing, the largest basal spacing is observed in Al/PILC. XRF results indicated an increase in the composition of Al₂O₃ and NiO in all four catalysts. SAA analysis demonstrated an increase in surface area and pore volume across the catalysts, the highest surface area is exhibited by Al/PILC (187.83 m2/g), while the largest pore diameter is observed in Al-Ni/PILC (12.83 nm). The acidity analysis using TPD-NH₃ shows that Al/PILC possesses the highest acidity value of 2.34 mmol/g. The presence of Brønsted acid sites was confirmed through FTIR analysis. TGA-DSC analysis indicated an improvement in the thermal stability of all tested catalysts. The Al/PILC catalyst showed the best performance at 150 °C. When the reaction temperature was increased to 250 °C, the Al-Ni/PILC catalyst demonstrated the highest efficiency in the ethanol-to-gasoline conversion process. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Hybrid Ultrasound and Advanced Oxidation Process Regeneration of Spent FCC Catalysts: Optimization and Their Catalytic Performance Anggoro, Didi Dwi; Buchori , Luqman; Rinaldi, Nino; Silviana , Silviana; Le Monde, Brilliant Umara; Putra, Muhammad Fadila; Zainol, Muzakkir Mohamad
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 58 No. 2 (2026): Vol. 58 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2026.58.2.6

Abstract

This study investigated the regeneration of spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts, which become inactive due to the accumulation of poisons at active sites. The objective of the study was to enhance acidity by regenerating spent FCC catalysts through ultrasonic and oxidation processes (UAOPs) and evaluate their effectiveness in synthesizing glycerol monostearate (GMS). The results demonstrate that spent FCC catalysts regenerated with UAOPs can significantly increase catalyst acidity, which plays a crucial role in GMS synthesis. The optimal conditions identified were temperature X1 (60 °C), regeneration time X2 (50 minutes), and flow rate X3 (9 L/h). This optimization was conducted using the Statistica 10 software, resulting in an optimal acidity value of 0.08460 mmol/gram. The GMS yield achieved was 25.33%, which was slightly higher than the yield reported in previous studies utilizing ZSM-5 and dealuminated Y catalysts for the synthesis of glycerol monostearate. Overall, this study suggests that spent FCC catalysts have potential applications in GMS synthesis
Evaluation of Pyrolysis Temperature and Time on The Quality Improvement of Calliandra Wood Charcoal Briquettes as An Alternative Energy Source Murda, Rio Ardiansyah; Pasaribu, Try Vista Ulina Br; Wahyuningrum, Maeda; Zen, Muhammad Rizky; Maulana, Sena; Rinaldi, Nino; Maulana, Muhammad Iqbal; Munawaroh, Khoryfatul; Lizardi, Fathi; Faedloni, Akbar Ash Shiddiqi
Molekul Vol 21 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2026.21.1.14411

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) wood is a promising biomass feedstock due to its abundance and high calorific value. This study investigated the effects of pyrolysis temperature (400 °C and 500 °C) and residence time (30 and 60 minutes) on the quality of calliandra charcoal briquettes. Biomass was carbonised, mixed with 15% cassava starch binder, pressed, and oven dried. The briquettes were evaluated for yield, density, moisture, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, combustion rate, and structural changes. Results showed that all parameters except yield were significantly influenced by temperature and time. FTIR analysis revealed increased aromatisation at higher pyrolysis conditions, while XRD indicated reduced cellulose crystallinity and the emergence of calcite and silica phases. The briquettes exhibited densities of 0.62–0.63 g/cm³, moisture contents of 2.14–2.73%, ash 3.55–4.91%, volatile matter 16.32–25.11%, fixed carbon 68.60–76.63%, calorific values 7,856–7,978 cal/g, and combustion rates 0.08–0.09 g/min. The condition of 400 °C for 30 minutes offered the most balanced performance, while 500 °C for 60 minutes yielded the highest carbonisation and energy content. These findings highlight that moderate pyrolysis conditions can produce efficient, high-quality briquettes with low energy input. Keywords: Biomass, calliandra wood, energy, pyrolysis, wood charcoal briquettes
Co-Authors - Jumaeri Agustian Al Muttaqii, Muhammad Al-Muttaqii, Muhammad Anis Kristiani, Anis Anny Sulaswatty, Anny Asif Aunillah Asri, Wan Ryan Bambang Soegijono Buchori , Luqman Chairul Irawan Dibyo Pranowo Didi Dwi Anggoro Dieni Mansur Dwiatmoko, Adep Dwiatmoko, Adid A. Dwiatmoko, Adid Adep Egi Agustian Faedloni, Akbar Ash Shiddiqi Fahma Riyanti Firmansyah, Sanji Fitri Hadiah Hanifah, Yuliza Harry Budiman Hasanudin Hasanudin Haznan Abimanyu Hery Haerudin I.G.B Ngurah Makertihartha Isalmi Aziz Jayanti, Yeni Fitriana Jayanti, Yeni Fitriana Joni Prasetyo, Joni Khoryfatul Munawaroh Kurniawan, Kezia F. Le Monde, Brilliant Umara Lizardi, Fathi Maharani, Najiah Sephia Maisaroh Maisaroh Marbun, Maja Pranata MARIA BINTANG Maryana, Roni Maulana, Muhammad Iqbal Maulana, Sena Mohammad Nasikin Muhammad Arifuddin Fitriady, Muhammad Arifuddin Mulyana, Muhammad Rizky Nabillah, Syifa H. Nakashima, Mhika Novia Dwi Rahmawati Novia Novia Nuni Widiarti Oman Zuas Pasaribu, Try Vista Ulina Br Putra, Muhammad Fadila Rahmanda, Deri Rahmawati, Rahmawati Ramdani, Dadi Riyandi, Rafly Rohmah, Alfissyahriyah Nur Sabar Pangihutan Simanungkalit Sabar Simanungkalit, Sabar Sari, Novi Liana Savitri Savitri, Savitri Savitri, - Shabri Shabri, Shabri Sigit Priatmoko Silviana , Silviana Simanjuntak, Fidelis Stefanus Hubertson Simanungkalit, Sabar P. Siregar, Yusraini D. I. Sri Wardhani Subagjo, S Sumari, S. Teuku Beuna Bardant Ulfa Andayani, Ulfa Wahyuningrum, Maeda Widjaya, Robert R. Widjaya, Robert Ronal Widjaya, Robert Ronald Yati Maryati yati, indri Yunarti, Rika Tri Zainol, Muzakkir Mohamad Zen, Muhammad Rizky