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All Journal Medical Journal of Indonesia Sari Pediatri Paediatrica Indonesiana Medicinus : Jurnal Kedokteran World Nutrition Journal Proceedings of the International Conference on Nursing and Health Sciences Jurnal Muara Medika dan Psikologi Klinis
Rini Sekartini
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Peran Screen Time pada Kesiapan Bersekolah Anak Usia Prasekolah Fathan, Fariz Dwi; Sekartini, Rini
Sari Pediatri Vol 25, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp25.6.2024.349-55

Abstract

Latar belakang. Kesiapan bersekolah merupakan hal yang sangat penting karena berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan anak untuk lulus dari sekolah dasar. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kesiapan bersekolah adalah screen time. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat asosiasi antara peningkatan screen time dan kesiapan bersekolah anak. Tujuan. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara screen time dan kesiapan bersekolah pada anak usia prasekolah.Metode. Desain penelitian potong lintang digunakan pada siswa Taman Kanak-kanak Negeri Menteng 01 dan Negeri Cilacap untuk mencari hubungan antara kedua variabel. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan jumlah screen time subjek per hari menggunakan kuesioner Small Q (Surveillance of digital media habits in early childhood questionnaire) dengan hasil pemeriksaan kesiapan bersekolah anak menggunakan kuesioner Brigance Early Childhood Screens III untuk anak 3-5 tahun.Hasil. Penelitian ini memperoleh 69 subjek, 16 subjek berusia empat tahun (23,18%) dan 53 subjek berusia lima tahun (76,81%), 33 orang subjek berkelamin laki-laki (47,82%) dan orang subjek 36 berkelamin perempuan (52,17%). Mayoritas memiliki orang tua dengan pendidikan terakhir SMA (50,84%) dan S1 (30,5%). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 37 dari 69 subjek memiliki screen time yang lebih (53,62%) dan 19 dari 69 subjek belum siap bersekolah (27,53%). Hasil analisis hubungan antara screen time terhadap kesiapan bersekolah tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik (p=0,328).Kesimpulan. Screen time tidak berhubungan langsung dengan kesiapan bersekolah pada anak usia prasekolah karena masih terdapat banyak faktor lainnya yang turut berperan dalam kesiapan bersekolah.
Peran Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Kesiapan Bersekolah pada Anak Usia Prasekolah Prastya, Reza Wahyu Dwi; Sekartini, Rini
Sari Pediatri Vol 25, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp25.5.2024.297-304

Abstract

Latar belakang. Usia prasekolah merupakan masa yang sangat penting dalam perkembangan anak. Keterlambatan perkembangan umumnya terjadi pada masa prasekolah dan dialami oleh 10-15% anak prasekolah. Gangguan perkembangan pada anak prasekolah membuat anak memiliki performa lebih rendah dari temannya yang dapat memengaruhi kesiapan bersekolah. Penelitian kesiapan bersekolah pada anak usia prasekolah masih terbatas di Indonesia. Pola asuh orang tua dapat memengaruhi kesiapan bersekolah. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran kesiapan bersekolah, gambaran pola asuh orang tua, dan hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan kesiapan bersekolah pada anak usia prasekolah. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang. Data kesiapan bersekolah diperoleh melalui kuesioner BRIGANCE Early Childhood Screens III dan pola asuh orang tua melalui kuesioner Parenting Styles and Dimension Questionnaire. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Taman Kanak- kanak Negeri Menteng 01 dan Negeri Cilacap, Jakarta. Penelitian ini melibatkan 18 anak (23,7%) berusia empat tahun dan 58 anak (76,3%) berusia 5 tahun dengan mayoritas anak perempuan. Hasil. Hasil skrining menunjukkan bahwa 20 anak (26,3%) tidak siap masuk sekolah. Rerata usia ibu adalah 34,92 tahun dan usia ayah 37,48 tahun. Pola asuh orang tua yang umum diterapkan adalah otoritatif (86,8%), diikuti permisif (11,8%), dan otoriter (1,3%). Temuan menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara pola asuh dan kesiapan bersekolah (p<0,001). Pola asuh permisif lebih umum diterapkan pada anak laki-laki, sedangkan anak perempuan lebih sering dididik dengan pola asuh otoritatif. Pola asuh otoriter ditemukan pada keluarga dengan kondisi sosial ekonomi yang lebih rendah. Kesimpulan. Pola asuh dan kesiapan bersekolah memiliki hubungan signifikan secara statistik. Anak yang dididik dengan pola asuh otoritatif memiliki tingkat kesiapan sekolah yang lebih tinggi.
Soy Isolate Protein Formula: the usage beyond allergy indication Munasir, Zakiudin; Sekartini, Rini
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 4 No. S1 (2020): Special Issue : Soy Plant-based and Fiber in Children’s Gut Health, Growth & D
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V04.S1.0005

Abstract

The usage of soy isolate protein formula for infants was recommended by Indonesian Pediatrics Association (IDAI) through the recommendation of Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) management in 2014. Soy Infant Formula (SIF) has been being used for Infants with Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) as well as for several other related medical indications such as post diarrhea lactose intolerance, galactosemia and primary lactase deficiency1. At early stage of soy formula, it had several deficiencies, infant acceptability, growth, and incomparable with milk-base formula. Current SIF is made from soy protein isolate that contain 2,2 – 2,6 g of protein per 100 calories, it is higher than milk-based formula and both showed same growth and development in Infants2. It contains different fibers, phytate, digestibility, protease inhibitor and proteins. SIF is easily digestible and contain high amino acid content fortified with L-methionine, L-carnitine and taurine. High content of phytate is overcome with zinc and iron fortification as well as increased levels of calcium and phosphor3. American Academy of Pediatrics recommends isolated soy protein-based formulas as a safe and effective alternative for providing appropriate nutrition for normal growth and development for term infants whose nutritional needs are not being met from maternal breast milk or cow’s milk-based formulas3,4.
The Importance of Iron To Support Optimum Cognitive Development Sekartini, Rini
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 5 No. S1 (2021): Special Issue : The role and importance of iron
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V05.S1.0004

Abstract

The fetal brain anatomy development starts during the last trimester of pregnancy and continue in early months of life. This critical process makes it vulnerable to insufficient nutrition, while brain growth continues into adulthood, micronutrient status can affect functioning beyond childhood. Iron is an important nutrient for the production and growth of cells in the immune and neural systems. Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world, affecting about half of all pregnant women and their offspring. Iron deficiency anemia has long been believed to have an effect on the central nervous system. Iron deficiency in late trimester and in newborn leads to abnormal cognitive function and emotional control that may continue in adulthood. In summary, despite some evidence that iron supplementation enhances cognitive performance. Evidence of the role of iron in brain development and the effect of iron deficiency or iron supplementation on early development is uncertain.
Experts’ Opinion on Immunity and Nutrition to Support Key Cognitive Functions Sekartini, Rini; Surapsari, Juwalita; Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri; Wiguna, Tjhin; Pasiak, Taufiq Fredrik; Basrowi, Ray Wagiu; Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie; Wasito, Erika
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Special Issue : expert perspectives on the interconnections between immunity,
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0001

Abstract

The interaction of micronutrients and macronutrients has been shown to have a significant impact on children's cognitive development. Furthermore, proper nutrition helps a child's immune system avoid infection and disease, which can impair nutrient absorption and lead to deficiency. Microbiotas in the gut play critical roles in body physiology, including nutrient absorption, infection resistance and immune system development. Furthermore, it is known that the gut microbiota influences immune cell maturation. Finally, these three factors are thought to influence neurogenesis and cognitive development. A virtual meeting was held with five invited experts to gain a better understanding of the relationship between nutritional factors, the immune system and cognitive development.
Immunity as key factors that influence cognitive development on children Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri; Sekartini, Rini; Wasito, Erika; Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Special Issue : expert perspectives on the interconnections between immunity,
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0003

Abstract

Immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) of the fetus are essential for normal neurodevelopment. Innate immunity-related molecules, including cytokines, toll-like receptors and complement family, are known to be expressed in the brain. Microglia, macrophage-like immune cells that reside in the brain and spinal cord, constitute 80% of all immune cells in the brain, making them the most abundant immune cell type. Acquired immunity-related molecules, such as major histocompatibility complex and antibody receptor, are also known to be expressed in the brain. In addition to this, research has demonstrated that they play important functions in the development of the brain. Neurodevelopmental diseases, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, autism-like obsessive-compulsive behaviours and social impairment, are characterized by a disruption of a wide variety of processes in the developing brain that depend on the normal function of microglia. Enteric infections and malnutrition in the first two years of life are linked to later cognitive impairment. Multiple studies have shown that bacterial and viral illnesses have direct or indirect impacts on cognitive performance in children. The immune system is in constant communication with the central nervous system and participates in the control of behaviour and a range of other essential neurological activities throughout the lifespan.
The narrative review of recent studies in understanding the relationship between gut (microbiota)-brain axis, nutrition and cognitive function Pasiak, Taufiq Fredrik; Wiguna, Tjhin; Sekartini, Rini; Surapsari, Juwalita; Sundjaya, Tonny; Wasito, Erika; Basrowi, Ray Wagiu; Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Special Issue : expert perspectives on the interconnections between immunity,
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0004

Abstract

The concept of the gut (microbiota)-brain axis, which influences the development and function of the gastrointestinal, immune, neuroendocrine, and metabolic systems, is gaining popularity. Recent animal studies have demonstrated that the gut (microbiota)-brain axis also plays a role in establishing cognitive function. It is known that a disruption in the environment's microbiota balance can increase disease susceptibility in children. Historically, it has been hypothesized that neurodevelopmental disorders are the results of a disruption in children’s health. However, it is becoming clear that the gut microbiota and the central nervous system communicate in both directions, which could explain how microbiota affects cognitive function. Dietary factors also play important role in the central nervous system via the gut (microbiota)-brain axis, demonstrating the importance of nutrition in optimizing cognitive function. This narrative review of recently published studies and current knowledge aims to elucidate the relationship between the gut (microbiota)-brain axis and cognitive function, as well as the variables that may influence it.
Exploring key cognitive indicators for practical use by parents in community setting Wiguna, Tjhin; Sekartini, Rini; Pasiak, Taufiq Fredrik; Basrowi, Ray Wagiu; Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Special Issue : expert perspectives on the interconnections between immunity,
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0005

Abstract

The identification of child development milestones, specifically cognitive abilities, requires parental/caregiver awareness and knowledge. With the existence of multiple cognitive abilities such as attention and focus, memory, language, psychomotor skills, logic, reasoning, decision-making, problem-solving, social/emotional, there are multiple indicators to measure children's cognitive abilities. Pediatricians are the most knowledgeable and trusted authority to routinely screen and monitor the development of healthy children. Therefore, it is crucial that parents understand their children's developmental milestones so if they encounter anomalies, they can immediately consult with the professionals. This review compiles recently published research and current knowledge to examine potential key indicators of cognitive development in infants and children that can be utilized by parents and communities in an easily understood manner.
Biomarker Inflamasi (IL1?, IL6, TNF?, CRP) dan Mikronutrien (Zat Besi, Seng) pada Anak dengan Stunting Usia 6-59 Bulan: Sub Analisis SEANUTS II Ranto, Huminsa; Yuliarti, Klara; Munasir, Zakiuddin; Gunardi, Hartono; Wahidiyat, Pustika Amalia; Satari, Hindra Irawan; Sekartini, Rini
Sari Pediatri Vol 27, No 5 (2026)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp27.5.2026.316-22

Abstract

Latar belakang. Stunting memengaruhi 19,8% anak Indonesia usia di bawah lima tahun, menurut Survei Status Gizi Nasional tahun 2024. Sitokin proinflamasi (IL-1?, IL-6, TNF-?) dan defisiensi mikronutrien (zat besi, seng) diduga berperan dalam terjadinya stunting, terutama di negara berpendapatan menegah ke bawah, karena perannya dalam penghambat pertumbuhan tulang dan fungsi imun.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar sitokin proinflamasi, C-reactive protein (CRP), zat besi, dan seng dengan status stunting pada anak Indonesia usia 6-59 bulan.Metode. Data dikumpulkan dari sampel darah 100 anak Indonesia usia 6–59 bulan, dengan analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square, uji t, atau uji Mann-Whitney (p<0,05 dianggap bermakna).Hasil. Dari 100 subjek, 49 mengalami stunting dan 51 memiliki status gizi normal. Tingkat pendidikan dan pendapatan orang tua lebih rendah pada kelompok stunting (masing-masing p=0,019 dan p<0,001). Kadar median sitokin (IL-1?: p=0,344; IL-6: p=0,121; TNF-?: p=0,213), CRP (p=0,320), serta kadar mikronutrien (feritin: p=0,087; seng: p=1,000) tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan. Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara sitokin proinflamasi dan defisiensi mikronutrien yang diteliti dengan kejadian stunting, kemungkinan karena ukuran sampel yang terbatas dan bias perkotaan. Faktor sosial ekonomi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stunting. Diperlukan penelitian longitudinal dengan sampel yang lebih besar untuk memperjelas hubungan tersebut.
Co-Authors Abdul Latief Aditya, Clarissa J. Amin Soebandrio Anindya, Isti Aria Kekalih Ariyanto, Ibnu Agus Armeilia, Rilie Basrowi, Ray Wagiu Batubara, Jose Bernie Endyarni Medise Chandra, Dian Novita Darmawan, Anthony C. Dian Kusumadewi Fathan, Fariz Dwi Gunawan, Talitha Dinda Hartono Gunardi Helda Khusun Herwanto Herwanto Hesti Lestari Hindra Irawan Satari Irene Yuniar, Irene Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie Medise, Bernie E. Mirtha, Listya T. Munasir, Zakiuddin Nadya, Ruth Ninik Mudjihartini Nurdina, Nazlah Nuri Purwito Adi Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri Olfriani, Ciho Pasiak, Taufiq Fredrik Pramesthi, Indriya Laras Prastya, Reza Wahyu Dwi Pustika Amalia Wahidiyat, Pustika Amalia Ranto, Huminsa Retnaningdyah, Windri Ria Andreinie Rini Mulia Sari Saptawati Bardosono Sari, Novika Purnama Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko Sukamto Koesnoe Sundjaya, Tonny Surapsari, Juwalita Suzy Maria Tjhin Wiguna Triatmoko, Barkah Trinovita Andraini Tutik Ernawati Wahyuni Indawati, Wahyuni Wangke, Lydia Wasito, Erika Widjaja, Melanie Wirahmadi, Angga Yuliarti, Klara Yusra Zakiudin Munasir