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All Journal MANAJEMEN HUTAN TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Forest Management VALENSI JFIOnline Majalah Farmasetika Medica Hospitalia JURNAL PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA: Teori, Penelitian, dan Inovasi Makara Journal of Science Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Kalwedo Sains (KASA) Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia
Ernawati Sinaga
Fakultas Biologi Universitas Nasional
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Potential of Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae Plants Using the RAMES Method Adilah, Hanifa Nur; Adawiyah, Suryani; Agustiana, Syifa; Effendi, Alvira Noer; Sinaga, Ernawati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.291

Abstract

Plants from the Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae families are recognized for their diverse phytochemical content and pharmacological potential. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities of ten plant species from these families using the Rapid Metabolome Extraction and Storage (RAMES) method. Fresh rhizomes from Zingiberaceae and fruits from Solanaceae were extracted with ethanol, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening and antioxidant evaluation using the ABTS method. All tested species contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, quinones, and phenols. Triterpenoids were consistently detected in Zingiberaceae species but were largely absent in Solanaceae, which predominantly contained steroids. Antioxidant assays revealed strong activity in all samples, with complete ABTS decolorization (score +3) comparable to ascorbic acid. These findings suggest that antioxidant potential is closely associated with flavonoid and phenolic compound content. The RAMES method proved to be a rapid, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach for small scale extraction of bioactive compounds, enabling sustainable use of medicinal plant resources. This study underscores the therapeutic potential of Zingiberaceae and Solanaceae species as natural antioxidant sources for the development of functional health products and herbal medicines. Further quantitative and biological studies are recommended to identify key active constituents and evaluate their safety and clinical efficacy.
Antioxidant Potential, Quantification of Phenolics and Flavonoids, and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites of Stem Methanol Extract of Mitrella kentii (Blume) Miq. Using LC-MS/MS Analysis Siregar, Astri Rozanah; Sinaga, Ernawati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 5 No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59689/bio.v5i3.292

Abstract

Mitrella kentii (Blume) Miq., a wild plant from the Annonaceae family, naturally grows in the peat swamp forests of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Known as Black Bajakah among the Dayak Ngaju community in Central Kalimantan, its stems have traditionally been used to treat various ailments and restore stamina during forest work. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract of M. kentii stems and to explore its potential for medicinal applications and drug discovery. LC-MS/MS analysis was conducted using a C18 column on the Waters Acquity UPLC system, with electrospray ionization in positive and negative ion modes. Compound identification employed the UNIFI data processor with the Waters Traditional Medical Scientific Library database. The analysis revealed five bioactive compounds: d-Lirioferine (lirioferine), isosinomenine, N-(1,7-Dimethoxy-phenanthren-2-yl)-acetamide, scoulerine, and yuanhunine, all with documented biological activities. Quantitative analysis showed the extract contained 36.23% total phenols, 0.44% total flavonoids, and exhibited very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 12.06 ppm. These results support the traditional medicinal use of M. kentii and highlight its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for future pharmaceutical development.
Total Phenolics and Flavonoids Content of Pemphis acidula Leaves Extract, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity, and Characterization of The Extract Towards Standardized Antidiabetic Herbal Medicine Mardianawati, Nurlita; Sulastri, Lilik; sinaga, ernawati
Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tidar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31002/jtoi.v18i1.1852

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder that still remains a threat to public health all over the world. Oxidative stress is a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Plants contain many antioxidant compounds that can provide protection against free radical-related diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the potential of ethanol extract of Pemphis acidula leaves as antidiabetic agent by measuring its total phenolics and flavonoids content, and its antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitor activity as well. The total phenols content was determined using Follin-Ciocalteu method and total flavonoids content was determined using the AlCl3 colorimetric method, while in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH method. Results of the study showed that ethanol extract of Pemphis acidula leaves contains total phenolics and total flavonoids equivalent to 5390mg GAE/100 grams of extract and 581.66mg QE/100 grams of extract respectively, and it had also been proven that the extract has strong antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitor activity with IC50 of 57.71 ppm and IC50 of 70.05 ppm respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that ethanol extract of Pemphis acidula leaves has the potential as an anti-diabetic agent.
Potensi Ekstrak Rimpang Bangle Hantu (Zingiber ottensii) Sebagai Bahan Nefroprotektif -, Suprihatin; Wiryanti, Ida; Syairendra, Ferry; Sinaga, Ernawati
Kalwedo Sains (KASA) Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Kalwedo Sains (KASA), Maret 2020
Publisher : Program Studi Di Luar Kampus Utama Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/kasav1i1p10-19

Abstract

Penggunaan parasetamol sebagai analgetik dan antipiretik sudah dikenal luas oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Kebebasan dalam penggunaannya memungkinkan konsumsi yang melebihi dosis yang dianjurkan. Konsumsi parasetamol dalam dosis toksik dapat merusak organ ginjal. Kerusakan ginjal karena parasetamol dapat dicegah menggunakan bahan alami yang bersifat antioksidan. Bangle hantu (Zingiber ottensii) sudah dikenal masyarakat Indonesia sebagai bahan obat tradisional. Rimpang bangle hantu memiliki kandungan senyawa yang bersifat antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi nefroprotektif ekstrak rimpang bangle hantu terhadap tikus putih yang diinduksi parasetamol. Tikus putih galur Sprague-Dawley jantan berumur dua bulan dibagi ke dalam 7 kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Kelompok kontrol negatif, positif, pelarut ekstrak dan ekstrak 1500 mg/kg BB, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan dosis 500, 1000 dan 1500 mg/kg BB dengan pemberian parasetamol 1500 mg/kg BB pada hari ke 14. Setelah 28 hari, tikus diambil sampel darah untuk diukur kadar ureum dan kreatinin, serta diambil organ ginjalnya dibuat preparat histopatologi untuk dinilai tingkat kerusakannya. Analisis kadar ureum dan kreatinin diuji menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA, sedangkan hasil skor histopatologi menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kerusakan pada organ ginjal yang terlihat dari gambaran histopatologi ginjal. Dari penelitian disimpulkan bahwa bangle hantu terbukti tidak memiliki kemampuan nefroprotektif. Perlu diadakan penelitian tentang senyawa bangle hantu yang memiliki sifat sitotoksik.
Optimization of Probiotic Drinks Fermentation in Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana) Fruit Juice with Lactobacillus plantarum InaCC B616 using Response Surface Methodology Subkhan, Subkhan; Sinaga, Ernawati; Ragamustari, Safendrri Komara; Sukara, Endang
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 15, NUMBER 1, FEBRUARY 2025
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Bidara fruit (Ziziphus mauritiana) is known to contain various bioactive phytochemicals, including phenolic acid, ascorbic acid, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins, making it highly promising for development into functional beverage products. Several studies state that fermentation with probiotic bacteria can improve the functional properties of products. This research aims to optimize the fermentation process of bidara fruit juice with Lactobacillus plantarum InaCC B616 using Response Surface Methodology and determine the effect of fermentation time on the content of bioactive compounds such as total phenols, total flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, and inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme. Optimization of fermentation was carried out using a Central composite design with 13 experimental samples and test data using Design Expert® 13 software, the optimization of fermentation time was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatment groups and three replications per group, including a negative control treatment: no fermentation (F0), fermentation for 12 hours (F1), fermentation for 24 hours (F2), and fermentation for 48 hours (F3). The research results showed that 18.61% bidara fruit juice and 0.34% skim milk was the optimum formula for fermenting bidara fruit juice. The best fermentation duration was in the F3 group (fermentation for 48 hours), in this group the bacterial growth reached 3.1x109 cfu/mL with a total phenolic compound content of 81.80 mg GAE/mL, total flavonoids 2.81 mg QE/g, capacity antioxidant 99.28 µg AAE/mL, and inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme 87.42%. The fermentation of bidara fruit juice with Lactobacillus plantarum InaCC B616 has the potential to enhance total phenol content, total flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition, making it a promising candidate for probiotic beverages. This drink could be developed as an alternative treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus due to its inhibitory activity against the α-glucosidase enzyme.
Co-Authors Adawiyah, Suryani Adilah, Hanifa Nur Agustiana, Syifa Ali Husni Aos Yuli Firdaus Avery, Mike Azkawati, Elok Camin, Yeremiah Rubin Carles Tambunan Effendi, Alvira Noer Endah Wulandari Endang Sukara Fachruddin Majeri Mangunjaya Fauziah Ilmi Fira Kuswandari Fitri Istiqomah Fitria, Dinah Fitria, Dinah Gugah Praharawati Haris Gunawan Hendra Maujana Saragih Ida Wiryanti Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Jois, Seetharama Seetharama Kusmaryeni, Siti Lilik Sulastri Lumbantoruan, Lamtiur Lusiana, Diana Intan Gabriella Makagiansar, Irwan Mardianawati, Nurlita Muhammad Irsan Saleh Noverita Noverita, . NURBAITI NURBAITI Ragamustari, Safendrri Komara Retno Widowati Sihombing, Sotarduga Simanjuntak, Kristina Simatupang, Leo Fernando Siregar, Astri Rozanah Siti Nurbaya Subkhan Subkhan Suprihatin - Suprihatin Suprihatin Suryono, Annisa Nur’aini Suryono, Annisa Nur’aini Suwigya Utama Syairendra, Ferry Tami Idiyanti Taufik Mei Mulyana Vivitri Dewi Prasasty Zen Hafy Zulham, Muhammad