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All Journal JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya Global Health Management Journal Manuju : Malahayati Nursing Journal PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Science Midwifery Borneo Journal Of Pharmascientech Tunas Medika Jurnal Kedokteran & Kesehatan Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) JPM: JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT PHARMACOLOGY, MEDICAL REPORTS, ORTHOPEDIC, AND ILLNESS DETAILS (COMORBID) International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO) KOLONI Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian InaBHS (Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Health Science)
Sri Marfuati
Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati
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UJI AKTIVITAS DAYA HAMBAT FRAKSI N-HEKSAN, ETIL ASETAT, DAN BUTANOL BIJI MANGGA (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) VARIETAS GEDONG GINCU DALAM MENGHAMBAT AKTIVITAS BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ATCC 29213 Nasution, Aulia Ananta; Brajawikalpa, Rama Samara; Marfuati, Sri
PREPOTIF : JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): DESEMBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/prepotif.v9i3.50563

Abstract

Kandungan metabolit sekunder didalam biji mangga (Mangifera indica L.) varietas gedong gincu memiliki banyak potensi yang belum diteliti secara maksimal, salah satunya sebagai antibakteri yang berpotensi menjadi salah satu alternatif pengobatan antibakteri Sehingga, diperlukan skrining fitokimia dan mengetahui efektivitas dari fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, dan butanol biji mangga (Mangifera indica L.) varietas gedong gincu dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. Penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post-test only control group design. Pembuatan konsentrasi dari fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, dan butanol biji mangga (Mangifera indica L.) varietas Gedong Gincu (0,5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, dan 6%) diuji ke bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 menggunakan metode pourplate untuk mengetahui daya hambat bakteri, yang kemudian dilakukan analisis statistik menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro Wilk, uji parametrik One Way ANOVA, dan uji lanjutan PosHoc LSD. Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, dan butanol yaitu, flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, steroid, saponin. Konsentrasi 6% dari masing-masing fraksi biji mangga (Mangifera indica L.) varietas gedong gincu memiliki rerata hasil pourplate yang signifikan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri (p<0,05). Fraksi etil asetat biji mangga (Mangifera indica L.) varietas gedong gincu konsentrasi 6% memiliki daya hambat paling efektif dibandingkan dengan fraksi lainnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213.
Improving Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence: The role of patient knowledge in Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia Marfuati, Sri; Fitriani, Hikmah; Weni, Mustika; Riawan, Firanda Putri
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-72987

Abstract

Background: With 10 million cases around the world, pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) has been classified as a highly contagious disease and mostly affecting low and middle countries. Having the second highest incident cases in West Java of Indonesia, Cirebon becomes a challenging city in order to reduce the number of TB cases in the country. Aims: This study aims to identify the patients’ knowledge and treatment phases, and how the two factors encourage patients to comply with their medication. Methods :  This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 91 new pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the Cirebon City Community Lung Health Centre, selected using random sampling. Not only respondent characteristics, but also data on the patients' knowledge levels, treatment phases, and medication adherence were collected using a questionnaire and medical records. To assess the relationship between these variables, the collected data was then analyzed using the Spearman Correlation test. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Commission, and informed consent was gathered from all participants. Results: This study reveals the most updated characteristics of the Tuberculosis patients at the Cirebon City Community Lung Health Center aged 15-64 years old with treatment duration ranged 1-6 months. The majority have insufficient knowledge about tuberculosis (45.1%), and 75.8% of patients adhered to their prescribed medication regimen, regardless of their knowledge level. The data indicates a significant positive correlation between knowledge level and medication adherence (p = 0.015), with 95% of patients with good knowledge adhering to treatment compared to only 34% with poor knowledge. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between adherence and treatment duration (p = 0.002), as 85% of patients who adhered to treatment did so for more than two months. Conclusion: The study shows that patients with better knowledge of tuberculosis are more likely to stick to their medication, which also leads to longer treatment durations. Given the high incidence of TB in the region, these findings suggest the need for targeted educational programs to enhance patients' understanding of TB, thereby improving adherence to treatment protocols. Received: 20 May 2024, Reviewed: 09 June 2024, Revised: 26 August 2024, Accepted: 30 August 2024.
Effectiveness of Mango Gedong Gincu Peel Extract Gel (Mangifera indica L.) on Cut Wounds in Male Wistar White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Fathunnisa, Firda; Marfuati, Sri; Fitriani, Hikmah
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-731060

Abstract

Background: A wound is an injury to a part of the body where the skin and the underlying tissue lose continuity. The wound healing is a complex process consisting inflammatory phase, proliferation phase, and maturation phase. Open wounds often occur in everyday life and if left behind and untreated can potentially lead to bacterial infection. Mango gedong gincu peel extract (Mangifera indica L.) contains flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and saponins which have roles in wound healing. Aims: To analyses the effectiveness of mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) against the healing of cut wounds in male wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: The study was an experimental study with a post-test only control group design using 25 male wistar white rat as the subject and was carried out in the FK UGJ Research Laboratory. The study used five groups : negative control group, positive control group, and treatment group using mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Results: The results of the study revealed that mango (Mangifera indica L.) gedong gincu peel is a source of various phytochemical such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and saponins. This study showed that the 5% and 10% concentration treatment groups had the same average length measurement wound of 0.86 cm. The fastest observation of erythema was the 5% concentration group with a healing rate of 8 days, in the observation of edema the 10% concentration group was the fastest of 6 days, and the observation long of healing time was 5% and 10% concentration had the same rate of 11 days. Conclusion: Mango gedong gincu peel extract gel (Mangifera indica L.) was effective against wound healing with optimum concentrations of 5% and 10% which gives the best healing effect against wounds in male wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Received: 25 September 2024  |  Reviewed: 22 October 2024  | Revised: 05 November 2024  |  Accepted: 09 November 2024.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli Weni, Mustika; Marfuati, Sri; Fauzah, Shofa Nur; Affandi, Thysa Thysmelia
Tunas Medika Jurnal Kedokteran & Kesehatan Vol 10 No 3 (2024): TUNAS MEDIKA JURNAL KEDOKTERAN & KESEHATAN
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/tumed.v10i3.9618

Abstract

Permasalahan penyakit infeksi dan penyakit tropik masih menjadi permasalahan yang sangat penting karena angkakesakitan dan kemartian yang cukup tinggi. Escherichia coli adalah salah satu bakteri yang dapat menyebabkaninfeksi. Resistensi Escherichia coli sering dilaporkan terjadi, salah satunya Antimicrobial Resistant in Indonesiatelah melaporkan Escherichia coli resisten terhadap beberapa jenis antibiotik, oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan alternatiflain untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli. Daun kersen mengandung senyawa flavonoid,tannin, saponin yang diketahui berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan: Mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstraketanol daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakanpenelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control grup design. Penelitian inimenggunakan 7 kelompok, 2 kelompok kontrol dan 5 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dariekstrak etanol dari daun kersen konsentrasi 2%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%. Kelompok kontrol yaitu kontrol positif(K(+)) dengan cotrimoxazole dan kontrol negatif ((K(-)) yaitu Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) 10%. Data diujimenggunakan uji One-way Anova. Hasil: Rata-rata zona hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 60% yaitu 10,5 mm,sedangkan rata-rata zona hambat terkecil pada konsentrasi 10% yaitu 6 mm, konsentrasi 2% tidak didapatkanadanya zona hambat Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada setiap konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daunkersen terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Kadar hambat minimum dari ekstrak etanol daun kersen terhadapbakteri Escherichia coli ada pada konsentrasi 10% dengan rata-rata zona hambat 6 mmKata Kunci: Ekstrak Daun Kersen, Escherichia coli, Aktivitas AntibakteriABSTRACTThe problem of infectious diseases and tropical diseases is still a very important problem because the morbidityand mortality rates are quite high. Escherichia coli is a bacteria that can cause infection. Escherichia coliresistance is often reported, one of which is Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia which has reported thatEscherichia coli is resistant to several types of antibiotics, therefore other alternatives are needed to inhibit thegrowth of Escherichia coli bacteria. Cherry leaves contain flavonoid compounds, tannins, saponins which areknown to have antibacterial properties. Objective: To determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract ofcherry leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) against Escherichia coli bacteria. Methods: This research is anexperimental study with a post-test only control group design. This study used 7 groups, 2 control groups and 5treatment groups. The treatment group consisted of ethanol extract from cherry leaves at concentrations of 2%,10%, 20%, 40%, 60%. The control group was the positive control (K(+)) with cotrimoxazole and the negativecontrol (K(-)) namely Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) 10%. Data were tested using the One-way Anova. Results:Obtained the largest average inhibition zone at a concentration of 60%, namely 10,5 mm, while the smallestaverage inhibition zone at a concentration of 10%, namely 6 mm, concentrations of 2% found no inhibition zoneConclusion: There is a significant difference in each concentration of the ethanol extract of cherry leaves againstEscherichia coli bacteria and the minimum inhibition level of the ethanol extract of cherry leaves againstEscherichia coli bacteria is at a concentration of 10 % with an average inhibition zone of 6 mm
Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetat Fraction of Basil Leave (Ocimum Basilicum L) Toward Escherichia Coli Growth Marfuati, Sri; Weni, Mustika; Putri, Inayati Diana
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v5i1.433

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance to Escherichia coli is commonly found. Several studies have found that basil leaves contain chemical compounds: flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, which act as antibacterials. This research aimed to determine the inhibitory power of the ethyl acetate fraction of basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L) on the growth of Escherichia coli. This study used a post-test-only control group design. This study contained five groups: one positive control group, one negative control group, and three treatment groups. The treatment group consisted of the ethyl acetate fraction of basil leaves at 12.5% μ, 25% μ, and 50% μ. The control group was a positive control K(+) with co-trimoxazole and a negative control K(-) with 10% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO). Kruskal walls test was chosen, followed by the Mann-Whitney difference test. In the Kruskal Walls test, a significant difference was found (p-value < 0.050) for basil leaf ethyl acetate fraction treatment. The largest average was obtained, namely the ethyl acetate fraction with a concentration of 12.5%. The Mann-Whitney test was carried out to determine fundamental differences between groups. The results of ethyl acetate fraction showed that the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Escherichia coli was 12.5%.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAAN FOLIKEL RAMBUT PADA LUKA INSISI TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN Rafsanjani, Ali Rafi; Marfuati, Sri; Nurbaiti
InaBHS (Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Health Science) Vol 2 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/inabhs.v2i1.9261

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Batang rambut merupakan struktur keratin keras yang dihasilkan oleh bangunan epitelial berbentuk kantung yaitu folikel rambut. Rambut yang tebal, panjang, hitam, berkilau dan sehat merupakan keinginan setiap orang, namun tidak semua orang dapat memilikinya. kebotakan juga dapat terjadi apabila kulit mengalami jejas. Pada kondisi ini, kulit akan kehilangan struktur folikel rambut, sehingga pertumbuhan rambut menjadi bermasalah. Salah satu tanaman yang diduga mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan rambut adalah daun kelor (Moringa oleifera). Tanaman kelor mengandung gizi yang sangat tinggi yang mampu menjadi terapi fitofarmaka. Tujuan : Untuk membuktikan pengaruh ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) terhadap pertumbuhan folikel rambut pada luka insisi pada tikus putih jantan. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian post test only control group design. Menggunakan 24 ekor tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Galur Sprague dawley yang dikelompokan menjadi empat perlakuan berbeda. Perlakuan dibagi atas kelompok K: kontrol negatif (tidak diberi apa-apa), P1: ekstrak kelor 50%, P2: ekstrak kelor 75%, P3: ekstrak kelor 100%. Hasil : Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian ekstrak kelor 100% berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan budding folikel rambut pada luka insisi tikus putih jantan. Simpulan : Terdapat perbedaan hasil dari tiap-tiap kelompok perlakuan dari masing-masing dosis ekstrak daun kelor dan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap jumlah budding folikel pada luka insisi tikus putih jantan adalah dosis 100%.
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BIJI MANGGA (Mangifera indica L.) VARIETAS GEDONG GINCU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli ATCC 6739 Januar, Henny Sholihat; Marfuati, Sri; Apriyanto, Dadan Ramadhan
InaBHS (Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Health Science) Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Health Science
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/inabhs.v3i2.10522

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Bakteri Escherichia coli termasuk bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan keluhan diare yang disebut sebagai diarrheagenic E. coli. Kejadian diare di dunia mencapai 2 miliar setiap tahunnya dengan angka kematian sebanyak 1,9 juta anak. Namun penggunaan antibiotik jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi, sehingga diperlukan pengobatan alternatif dari bahan alami dari tanaman seperti biji, daun, kulit dan yang lainnya. Salah satunya yaitu biji mangga mengandung senyawa yang bersifat antibakteri yaitu senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Tujuan: Mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak biji mangga (Mangifera Indica L.) varietas gedong gincu terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian post-test only control group design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah bakteri Escherichia coli galur murni yang dibiakan pada media Muller Hinton Agar yang sesuai standar Mc Farland. Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode sumuran untuk melihat zona hambat ekstrak ini terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli. Hasil: Pada hasil daya hambat paling besar terdapat pada kelompok perlakuan dengan kosentrasi 100% dengan rerata daya hambat 16,1 mm dan daya hambat paling rendah pada konsentrasi 0,1% sebesar 2,41 mm. Hasil uji oneway anova didapatkan hasil p < 0,001 yang menunjukan terdapat adanya perbedaan daya hambat pada setiap kosentrasi ekstrak biji mangga (Mangifera Indica L.) varietas gedong gincu terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli. Simpulan: Ekstrak biji mangga (Mangifera indica L.) varietas memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli. Kata Kunci: Biji Mangga Gedong Gincu, Escherichia coli. ABSTRACT Introduction: Escherichia coli bacteria including bacteria that can cause complaints of diarrhea are called diarrheagenic E. coli. The incidence of diarrhea in the world reaches 2 billion each year with a mortality rate of 1.9 million children. However, long-term use of antibiotics can cause resistance, so alternative treatments are needed from natural ingredients from plants such as seeds, leaves, skin and others. One of them is that mango seeds contain compounds that are antibacterial, namely alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Aim: To determine the activity of mango seed extract (Mangifera Indica L.) gedong gincu variety on the growth of Escherichia coli. Methods: This research is an experimental research using a post-test only control group design. The sample for this study was a pure strain of Escherichia coli bacteria cultured on Muller Hinton Agar media according to Mc Farland standards. Antibacterial testing used the well method to see the zone of inhibition of this extract against the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. Results The results of the greatest inhibition were found in the treatment group with a concentration of 100% with an average inhibition of 16.1 mm and the lowest inhibition at a concentration of 0.1% of 2.41 mm. The results of the oneway anova test obtained p <0.001 which indicated that there were differences in inhibition at each concentration of the seed extract of the gedong gincu variety of mango (Mangifera Indica L.) on the growth of Escherichia coli. Conclutions: Mango seed extract (Mangifera indica L.) varieties have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum basilicum L) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli Putri, Inayati Diana; Marfuati, Sri; Weni, Mustika
InaBHS (Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Health Science) Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Health Science
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran UGJ Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/inabhs.v3i2.10523

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri penyebab diare. Banyak yang melaporkan terjadinya resistensi antibiotik terhadap Escherichia coli. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan alternatif pengobatan. Beberapa penelitian mengatakan Daun Kemangi mengandung zat metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan : Mengetahui Daya Hambat Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian post-test only control grup design. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 kelompok, yaitu 2 kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari fraksi etil asetat dari daun kemangi konsentrasi 12,5%, 25% , 50% . Kelompok kontrol yaitu kontrol positif (K(+)) dengan cotrimoxazole dan kontrol negatif (K(-)) yaitu Dimetil Sulfoksida (DMSO) 10%. Data diuji menggunakan uji Kruskal wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda Mann Whitney Hasil : Pada uji Kruskal walls terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p-value < 0,050), terhadap pemberian perlakuan fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi. Didapat rerata terbesar yaitu pada fraksi etil asetat konsentrasi 12,5% 28960000000. Dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann whitney untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar kelompok, didapatkan perbedaan daya hambat pada masing-masing konsentrasi Kesimpulan : Kadar hambat minimum dari fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli konsentrasi 12,5% dengan nilai TPC sebesar 28960000000, dan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna setiap konsentrasi fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli Kata Kunci : Daun Kemangi, Fraksi, Escherichia coli
Antibiotic Prescription Patterns in Children with Pneumonia at the Waled Regional General Hospital in Cirebon Regency, West Java, 2023 Istiharah, Sherin Nadia; Marfuati, Sri; Brajawikalpa, Rama Samara
PHARMACOLOGY, MEDICAL REPORTS, ORTHOPEDIC, AND ILLNESS DETAILS Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): JANUARY
Publisher : Transpublika Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55047/comorbid.v5i1.1940

Abstract

Irrational antibiotic use and inappropriate prescribing in pneumonia remain major public health concerns, as they contribute significantly to the development of antimicrobial resistance worldwide. This study aimed to describe the pattern of antibiotic prescribing for pneumonia patients under five years old treated at Waled Hospital, Cirebon Regency, in 2023. A descriptive study design was employed using medical record data, with total sampling applied to all eligible cases. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and presented as frequencies and percentages. A total of 193 pediatric pneumonia cases were included, consisting of both inpatients and outpatients. Lobular pneumonia was the most common diagnosis in both groups. The majority of patients were one year of age. Third-generation cephalosporins were the most frequently prescribed antibiotic class for inpatients (62.3%) and outpatients (89.1%). Parenteral antibiotic formulations were predominantly administered to inpatients, whereas oral antibiotics were used for all outpatients. The duration of antibiotic therapy was appropriate in all cases. Adverse drug reactions were observed in a small proportion of inpatients and were not reported among outpatients. The predominant use of third-generation cephalosporins, particularly in outpatient settings, suggests a potential overreliance on broad-spectrum antibiotics and may reflect deviation from standard first-line treatment recommendations for pediatric pneumonia. These findings highlight the need for regular evaluation of prescribing practices and the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs to promote rational antibiotic use and reduce the risk of resistance.
Potential of Kersen Leaf Extract (Muntingia calabura L) and Basil Leaf Extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) as Natural Antibacterial Candidates against Salmonella typhi Mustika Weni; Sri Marfuati; Hikmah Fitriani
Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/ijar.v6i3.771

Abstract

Salmonella typhi remains a global health issue with rising antibiotic resistance, necessitating alternative natural therapies. Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves contain bioactive compounds with antibacterial potential. The purpose of this research was to examine the antibacterial activity of kersen and basil leaf ethanol extracts against Salmonella typhi at various concentrations. The research applied an experimental Post-Test Only Control Group Design. Antibacterial activity assessment was performed using the well diffusion method with varying extract concentrations of 20%, 35%, 45%, 50%, and 75%. Data analysis was performed using the Shapiro–Wilk test was used to examine data normality, while group differences were evaluated with the Kruskal–Wallis non-parametric test. Kersen extract contained saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids; basil extract contained phenolics, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids. Both showed concentration-dependent inhibition. At 75%, inhibition zones reached 13.15 mm (strong), while the lowest were 4.70 mm (kersen, weak) and 7.30 mm (basil, moderate). Negative control showed no activity. Statistical test p=0.005 confirmed significant differences between groups. Ethanol extracts of kersen and basil leaves possess significant antibacterial activity against S. typhi, supporting their potential as natural phytotherapeutics for typhoid.
Co-Authors Amalia Dwi Ayu Pitaloka Apriyanto, Dadan Ramadhan Arthur Ulil Albab Asri Permata Dewi Bagas Dharma Utama Beti Ernawati Dewi Catur Setiya Sulistiyana Dadan Ramadhan Apriyanto Dery Handaiana Putra Galuh Pangestu Emallia Fitriani Emilia Putri Agustin Esa Giri Rahayu Fathunnisa, Firda Fauzah, Shofa Nur Hery Widijanto Hikmah Fitriani Hikmah Fitriani Ichlasul Amal Ignatius Hapsoro Wirandoko Istiharah, Sherin Nadia Januar, Henny Sholihat Like Efriani Lola kemala dewi Loren, Azzahro Maharani Menik Herdwiyanti Mustika Weni Mutiara Fadilah Nanang Ruhyana Nasution, Aulia Ananta Niklah Zaidah Novan Ibrahim Nurbaiti Putri, Inayati Diana Rafsanjani, Ali Rafi Rama Samara Brajawikalpa Riawan, Firanda Putri Rini Istisakinah Ruri Eka Maryam Mulyaningsih Thysa Thysmelia Affandi Tiara Nur Aisyah Uswatun Khasanah Witri Pratiwi