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All Journal Jambura Journal of Health Sciences and Research Jurnal Dunia Farmasi JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda) Jurnal Multidisiplin Sahombu Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Journal of Innovative and Creativity Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Razoki Razoki
Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi Klinis Universitas Prima Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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EVALUASI FORMULASI SEDIAAN MIKROENKAPSULASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MINDI (Melia Azedarach L.) Casey Dola Rebeca br Pinem; Razoki Razoki; Erida Novriani
JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda)
Publisher : Universitas Imelda Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52943/jifarmasi.v9i2.2203

Abstract

Microencapsulation is a technology used to protect active ingredients from environmental influences and enhance their stability. This study aimed to evaluate the formulation of microencapsulated ethanol extract of mindi leaves (Melia azedarach L.), which possesses pharmacological activities as an antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic agent. The extraction of mindi leaves was performed using the maceration method with 80% ethanol, yielding a 10.4% extract. Microencapsulation was prepared using sodium alginate and chitosan as coating materials, with three different extract concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%). Formulation evaluation included moisture content testing, stability testing using cycling test, and floating test on rat gastric mucosa. The results showed that moisture content ranged from 0.37% to 0.63%, with the 0.75% formulation having the lowest moisture content (0.37%). Stability testing over six cycles demonstrated that all formulations remained stable without significant changes in color, texture, and shape. The floating test showed a lag time of less than 2 minutes for all formulations with floating time ranging from 3 to 6 hours, where the 0.25% concentration exhibited the longest floating time (6 hours). It can be concluded that microencapsulation technology successfully produced mindi leaf ethanol extract preparations with stable characteristics, low moisture content, and good floating capability, making it potential as an oral drug delivery system.
Evaluation of Microencapsulated Preparation Formulation of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa Oleifera) Nazla Deswita Siregar; Razoki Razoki; Refi Ikhtiari
Jurnal Multidisiplin Sahombu Vol. 6 No. 01 (2026): Jurnal Multidisiplin Sahombu, January 2026
Publisher : Sean Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia has abundant natural resources, one of which is the moringa plant (Moringa oleifera), known as “The Miracle Tree” due to its high nutritional content and pharmacological properties as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory agent. This study aims to formulate ethanol extract of moringa leaves into microencapsulated preparations to improve the stability of active compounds and protect the active ingredients from stomach acid. The extract was obtained through maceration using 96% ethanol solvent with a yield of 24.42%. The characterization of the crude drug met the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia standards, and phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and tannins. The microencapsulation formulation was made using a combination of sodium alginate polymer and chitosan coating with CaCl2 hardening agent in four different extract concentrations. The evaluation of the preparations included stability testing (cycling test), moisture content testing, and buoyancy testing (floating). The stability test results showed that the preparation remained organoleptically stable without significant physical changes during 6 cycles. All formulas met the <5% moisture content requirement, with the 0.75% concentration formula (F4) having the lowest moisture content of 0.26%. In the adhesion test using rat gastric mucosa, the preparation showed good mucoadhesive ability, where the interaction of chitosan in an acidic environment prolonged the retention time of the microcapsules in the stomach. This study concluded that microencapsulation of moringa leaf extract has great potential as a stable and effective drug delivery system.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Herba Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida L.) dengan Metode DPPH Jecika Stefany Br Tumanggor; Razoki Razoki; Muhammad Yunus; Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun Harahap
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Juli : Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jikki.v5i2.6142

Abstract

Free radicals are reactive compounds that can cause damage to cells, enzymes, lipids, and even DNA, thus triggering various degenerative diseases. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative damage. Chinese betel herb (Peperomia pellucida L.) is known to contain phenol and flavonoid secondary metabolite compounds that act as natural antioxidants. This study aims to test the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Chinese betel herb with DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Extraction was done by maceration method using 80% ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was tested by reacting the extract against DPPH solution and measuring the absorbance using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed an IC₅₀ value of 32.97 ppm, which is classified as very strong antioxidant activity. These results indicate that ethanol extract of Chinese betel herb has great potential as a source of natural antioxidants.  
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dengan Metode DPPH Anggun Pratiwi; Razoki Razoki; Muhammad Yunus; Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun Harahap
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Juli : Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jikki.v5i2.6231

Abstract

Oxidative stress is a condition resulting from an imbalance between free radicals and the body's antioxidant system, which can damage cells and trigger degenerative diseases such as diabetes, cancer, atherosclerosis and heart disease. Antioxidants play an important role in neutralizing free radicals to prevent cell damage. Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) are known to contain bioactive compounds that have potential as a source of natural antioxidants. This study aims to test the antioxidant activity of papaya leaf ethanol extract using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, with quercetin as a comparator. Extraction was done by maceration using 80% ethanol. Antioxidant activity was measured based on the decrease in absorbance of DPPH solution at a wavelength of 517 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that papaya leaf extract had strong antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ value of 21.35 ppm, while quercetin was 4.84 ppm. Thus, the ethanol extract of papaya leaves showed high potential as an effective natural antioxidant.  
Pengaruh Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Putih dan Kunyit terhadap Histopatologi Jantung dan Pankreas Tikus Diabetes Ana Fiske Hotmaida Simanjuntak; Nerly Juli Pranita Simanjuntak; Razoki Razoki
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Juli : Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jikki.v5i2.6703

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition characterized by increased blood glucose levels that require long-term treatment to maintain stable blood sugar levels. Garlic and turmeric rhizomes are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to lower blood glucose levels. This study aims to see how the combination of garlic and turmeric rhizome extracts affects the histopathological picture of the pancreas of male white rats (DM). This study uses an experimental design method with a designposttest only control group involving 30 white male rats divided into five groups: Negative control (K-), positive control (K+), and three treatment groups with extract doses of 100mg/kgBW (F1), 200mg/kgBW (F2), and 300mg/kgBW (F3). The results showed the most significant decrease in blood glucose levels in the 300mg/kgBW group (F3), namely (105mg/kgBW). The histopathological picture of the pancreas showed severe damage in group F1 (75% had necrosis), and moderate damage (50% with necrosis) in F2 and F3. The combination of garlic extract and turmeric rhizome has the potential to reduce blood glucose levels and improve the histopathological picture of the pancreas in DM rats.
Evaluasi Drug Related Problems (DRPs) pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung di Poli Penyakit dalam RSU Royal Prima Marelan Innaya Sabrina Sirait; Razoki Razoki; Nerly Juli Pranita Simanjuntak
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Maret : Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jikki.v5i1.6968

Abstract

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in Indonesia. The use of complex drugs in the treatment of heart disease increases the risk of Drug Related Problems (DRPs), especially due to the many comorbidities and drug interactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) in heart disease patients at the internal medicine clinic of Royal Prima Marelan Hospital. This study is a retrospective descriptive study of 50 outpatients diagnosed with heart disease in the period January-June 2024. Data obtained from medical records and patient prescriptions were analyzed to identify the types of DRPs based on the PCNE classification. Drug interactions were the most prevalent type of DRP (95,7%), with severity levels classified as moderate (80,5%), minor (12,6%), and major (4,4%). The most frequent interactions occurred between clopidogrel and omeprazole (major). Most patients were male (60%) and aged between 40-55 years (54%).
Evaluasi Formulasi Sediaan Floating Mikroenkapsulasi yang Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Glory Stevi Natasia Saragih; Razoki Razoki; Muhammad Yunus; Hariyadi Dharmawan Syahputra
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Maret : Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jikki.v5i1.7052

Abstract

Microencapsulation is a technology that uses controlled release of active ingredients to increase bioavailability and reduce gastrointestinal irritation. This study aims to evaluate the microencapsulation formulation of ethanol extract of papaya leaf (Carica papaya L.) by testing its stability, moisture content, and floating in the stomach and intestinal medium. Mardikasari et al (2020) showed the release of chitosan-alginate microencapsulation of 8,811 mg/L (acid) and 79,908 mg/L (base). Microencapsulation was performed by adding sodium alginate and chitosan as polymers, CaCl2 as a cross-linking, and three variations of extract concentration in F1 without extract, F2 of 0,25%, F3 of 0,5%, and F4 of 0,75%. The results showed that all formulas remained stable during the storage cycle in terms of color, aroma, taste, and texture. The average moisture content of the microencapsulated formulations was 24%, 20,5%, 28%, and 18,7%. The microencapsulated preparations were able to maintain their stability in the acidic conditions in the stomach, but showed a decrease in floating under acidic conditions in the intestine.
Evaluasi Formulasi Sediaan Floating Mikroenkapsulasi yang Mengandung Ekstrak Etanol Kunyit Putih (Curcuma Zedoaria Rosc.) Rika Mai Dinasari Br Sembiring; Razoki Razoki; Erida Novriani; Hariyadi Dharmawan Syahputra
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Maret : Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jikki.v5i1.7054

Abstract

This test aims to evaluate the formulation of floating microcapsule preparations containing ethanol extract of white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.), using chitosan, sodium alginate, and calcium chloride polymers as crosslinking agents. The preparation was formulated using the crosslinking method and tested based on its physical properties, which include moisture content, physical stability through cycle tests, resistance to the gastric and intestinal mucosa. The results showed that the microcapsule formulation was able to maintain the color and texture during the storage period well. The microcapsule durability test showed that the particles could survive in the gastric and intestinal mucosa for two hours. In addition, the water content is within the range that is in accordance with the requirements, namely, at a concentration of 0.25% there is (22%), a concentration of 0.5% there is (38.75%), a concentration of 0.75% there is (22.5%), and the blank has 20.5% water content. Based on previous research by Mardikasari et al., (2020) which used chitosan and alginate polymers. Through this method, this formulation shows the possibility as a technology-based drug delivery system that survives effectively in increasing the bioavailability of active substances from white turmeric.
Co-Authors Ana Fiske Hotmaida Simanjuntak Anggun Pratiwi Asyrun Alkhaira Lubis Casey Dola Rebeca br Pinem Cindy Kurnia Sari Cindy Ronaldo Munthe Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun Harahap Elfia Neswita Elfia Neswita Elfia Neswita Elfia Neswita Elfia Neswita Elfia Neswita Enni Halimahtussa’diyah Pakpahan Erida Novriani Erida Novriani Erida Novriani etha tesalonika tamba Glory Stevi Natasia Saragih Hariyadi Dharmawan Syahputra IKHTIARI, REFI Innaya Sabrina Sirait Jecika Stefany Br Tumanggor Khansa Sabira Muhammad Yunus Nazla Deswita Siregar Nerly Juli Pranita Simanjuntak Nerly Juli Pranita Simanjuntak Novitaria Br Sembiring Novitaria Br Sembiring Novitaria Br. Sembiring Nur Afni Br. Ritonga Reh Malem Br Karo Reh Malem br Karo Rezki Sari Harahap Rika Mai Dinasari Br Sembiring Ruth Gaby Syahanaya Butar-Butar vira rusliza Yogi Andriansyah