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All Journal VALENSI Reaktor JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI BAHASA DAN SASTRA Lingua Cultura Sinergi Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences JURNAL SELULOSA Jurnal Teknik ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Warta Perkaretan Fikruna : Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan dan Kemasyarakatan Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Babakti : Journal of Community Engangement Babakti: Journal of Community Engangement
Herri Susanto
Chemical Engineering Department, Bandung Institute Of Technology
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Non-Isothermal Pyrolysis Kinetic Studies of Kraft Pulp Mill Sludge and Its Blending with Coal Powder Syamsudin Syamsudin; Tobias Richards; Herri Susanto; Subagjo Subagjo
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 9, No 01 (2019): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (718.497 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v9i01.270

Abstract

Non-isothermal pyrolysis of kraft pulp mill sludge and coal has been investigated. Blending sludge with coal resulted time increase to complete the pyrolysis. This phenomenon indicated that volatile matter in coal was more difficult to be degraded. Sludge pyrolysis at 10, 15, and 20°C/min remained residual mass fraction of 64.6% w/w, 62.4% w/w, and 64.4% w/w, respectively. Coal addition into sludge had reduced char yield. Char yield decreasing was due to lower content of coal ash compared to sludge ash. Sludge lost most of its mass at 200C-500°C, reached its peak at 280°C, and became slower at >500°C. Wide range of coal degradation temperature indicated that coal may contain components having a wide range temperature degradation, such as lignin. Based on the curve of mass loss rate of reaction, there were three peaks which indicates three reaction mechanisms of sludge-coal pyrolysis. All peaks followed the mechanism of first order reaction. First peak was likely to occur due to decomposition of hemicellulose and other highly volatile components. Second and third were associate with cellulose and lignin, respectively. The high thermal stability properties lead to a slow degradation of lignin, and its mass loss occurred in the a very wide of temperature range (160-900°C). Studi Kinetika Pirolisis Non-Isotermal Lumpur Industri Pulp Kraft dan Campurannya dengan Serbuk BatubaraPirolisis non-isotermal lumpur industri pulp kraft dan campurannya dengan serbuk batubara telah diselidiki. Pencampuran lumpur dengan batubara menghasilkan peningkatan waktu untuk menyelesaikan pirolisis. Fenomena ini menunjukkan bahwa zat volatil dalam batubara lebih sulit terdegradasi. Pirolisis lumpur pada 10, 15, dan 20°C/menit menghasilkan fraksi massa residu masing-masing 64,6% b/b, 62,4% b/b, dan 64,4% b/b. Penambahan batubara ke dalam lumpur mengurangi hasil arang. Penurunan hasil arang disebabkan oleh kandungan abu batubara yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan abu lumpur. Lumpur kehilangan sebagian besar massanya antara 200°C dan 500°C, dan mencapai puncaknya pada 280°C. Kehilangan massa melambat pada suhu >500°C. Rentang suhu yang lebar pada degradasi batubara menunjukkan bahwa batubara mengandung komponen yang memiliki suhu degradasi luas, seperti lignin. Berdasarkan kurva laju kehilangan massa, terdapat tiga puncak reaksi yang menunjukkan tiga mekanisme reaksi pirolisis lumpur-batubara. Semua puncak tersebut mengikuti mekanisme reaksi orde pertama. Puncak pertama kemungkinan terjadi karena dekomposisi hemiselulosa, dan komponen-komponen lain yang sangat mudah menguap. Puncak kedua dan ketiga masing-masing berhubungan dengan selulosa dan lignin. Sifat stabilitas termal yang tinggi menyebabkan degradasi lignin yang lambat, dan kehilangan massa terjadi dalam kisaran suhu yang sangat luas (160-900°C).  
NERACA UAP SEBAGAI SALAH SATU PIRANTI UPAYA PENGHEMATAN ENERGI DI PABRIK KIMIA (STEAM BALANCE AS A TOOL FOR ENERGI CONCERVATION IN CHEMICAL PLANTS ) Herri Susanto
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 43, No 02 (2008): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4519.499 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v43i02.152

Abstract

Optimal operation of utility system has become a part of important step for successful business in chemical industries such as pulp and paper mills, The cost of energy in such mill may contributeup to 18% of manufacturing cost a steam balance may be used to predict an optimal process condition and to understand operation constraints. Stream balance can be easily developed by any process engineer and simulation can be performed in a common electronic spreadsheet. This paper is aimed as an introduction to prepare a steam balance in specific plant.Keywords: mass and energy balance, stream system, steam diagram, LNG-plantINTISARIIndustri kimia seperti industri pulp dan kertas, merupakan industri dengan konsumsi energi yang relatif besar khususnya uap. Karena itu kajian produksi dan konsumsi uap pada sebuah pabrik pulp dan kertas merupakan salah satu langkah sejalan dengan program penghematan energi yang terus berkembang. Beberapa contoh menunjukan bahwa biaya energi di pabrik pulp dan kertas dapat mencapai 18% dari total biaya produksi. Dengan kajian neraca uap, potensi-potensi penghematan dapat teridentifikasi dan prioritas prigram dapat disusun. Makalah ini merupakan kajian ringan untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sesua kebutuhan.Kata kunci: neraca massa dan energi, perangkat sistem uap, diagram uap, pabrik LNG 
Modification of Natural Zeolite as a Catalystfor Steam Reforming of Toluene Joko Waluyo; Tobias Richards; IGBN Makertihartha; Herri Susanto
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 17, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (993.264 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.49564

Abstract

A catalyst for tar cracking has been prepared successfully from natural zeolites using ion exchange with NH4NO3, and acid leaching with HNO3 solution for removing impurities and increasing pore volume. The activity of the modified zeolite was tested using toluene as a tar model compound. Tar conversion of about 54% was achieved in catalytic steam reforming at a temperature of 750C using 2 gram of catalyst and the gas hourly space velocity about 5040 h-1.
Modeling and Simulation of a Separate Line Calciner Fueled with a Mixture of Coal and Rice Husk Sunu Herwi Pranolo; Yazid Bindar; Dwiwahju Sasongko; Herri Susanto
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (281.714 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50093

Abstract

A model has been made to predict performance of a calciner in a cement plant for the use of rice husk as partial substitution of coal. The calciner was assumed as a plug flow reactor with no-mass and heat transfer limitations. The model was composed of three equations of calcination, coal and rice husk combustions with kinetic parameters obtained from literature. Two of 20 sets of operation data were used as base-lines for simulations, namely: Case-A from operation at a capacity of 532 ton h-1 of kiln feed (KF) with coal as a fuel; and Case-B at 530 ton h-1 with 20% rice husk in a mixed fuel. Two simulations were executed at constant total fuel mass flow-rate (21.94 ton h-1 of Case-A and 27.39 ton h-1 of Case-B) and at constant total energy supplied (0.946 and 1.188 GJ ton-1 KF for Case-A and Case-B respectively). Our simulation showed that a target CaCO3 conversion could be obtained using mixed fuel with maintaining constant total energy supplied instead of constant total fuel mass flow-rate. In Case-A as base-line, the use of mixed fuel with 20% rice husk with maintaining constant supplied energy would give a coal saving of 11.8%. This operation however would require an increase in specific fuel consumption from 0.0412 to 0.0455 ton ton-1 of KF. In Case-B as base-line, the CaCO3 conversion of 95% could be obtained with a mixed fuel with rice husk mass fraction up to 40%.
Utilization of Sugars in Hydrolysate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches for Ethanol Fermentation using Pichiastipitis CBS 5773 Herri Susanto; Achmad Ali Syamsuriputra
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (330.309 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50837

Abstract

The utilization of pentose derived from hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) were studied using (a) acid hydrolysis at a mild condition, (b) detoxification of hydrolysate containing pentose, (c) cell growth, and (d) fermentation to produce ethanol. Although Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis were observed to be able to metabolize pentose in the hydrolysate derived from EFB, only Pichia stipitis was able to produce ethanol. When xylose was used as a model compound for pentose, the optimum xylose concentration for fermentation was 30 glL with the ethanol concentration in fermentation broth upto 13 g/L. Fermentation with higher xylose concentrations produced ethanol with a concentration of about 6 glL. Fermentation using pentose derived from detoxified hydrolysate could produce ethanol with a concentration in fermentation broth of about 3 g/L.
Effect of Pressure and Syngas Composition on Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether using Dual Bed Catalyst Aisyah Ardy; Jenny Rizkiana; Melia Laniwati Gunawan; Herri Susanto
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (296.507 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50873

Abstract

National General Energy Plan of Indonesia 2017 (RUEN 2017) stated that dimethyl ether (DME) is appointed as a blending of LPG to reduce LPG imports. DME can be made with two reaction pathways, namely direct synthesis and indirect synthesis. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pressure and syngas composition on the direct synthesis of DME using dual fixed bed catalyst. The research was carried out with two types of catalyst: M-xxx as a commercial catalyst for methanol synthesis and γ-Al2O3 as catalyst for dehydration of methanol to DME. The later was prepared in our Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis, ITB. The dual catalyst experiment was carried out at 5 and 7 bars, and a fixed temperature of 240oC. The mass ratio of the M-xxx to γ-Al2O3, so-called M/D ratios, were varied from 1/9 to 9/1. Two type of syngas were used, i.e. SA containing only H2 and CO with a SN of 2,3 and SB containing 4% CO2 with SN of 1,8. The dual bed with a M/D ratio of 1/4 gave a CO conversion up to 62% at 5 bars and 240oC (SA). As pressure increased, the conversion of CO and H2 increases to 85% and 83% at 7 bar and 240oC (SA). The presence of CO2 (SB) decreases catalyst activity, as indicated by the decrease in conversion of CO and H2 to 56% and 54%, at 7 bar and 240oC.
Pengaruh NaOH, Lignin dan Furfural terhadap Kesetimbangan Uap-Cair Etanol-Air Hidrolisat Ethanosolv-pulping Tandan Kosong Sawit pada Kondisi Isobarik Lienda Aliwarga; Herri Susanto; Reynard Reynard; Dewi Agustina Iryani
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 2 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 2 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4289.603 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.22.2.38-46

Abstract

Tandan kosong sawit mengandung lignoselulosa yang bermanfaat sebagai bahan baku pulp. Salah satu metode pulping adalah dengan menggunakan etanol, yang disebut sebagai proses ALCELL (Alcohol Cellulose). Proses ini menghasilkan lindi hitam, dan untuk meningkatkan keramahlingkungan dan efisiensinya, etanol perlu diregenerasi. Adanya lignin, furfural, dan NaOH dalam lindi hitam menurunkan volatilitas relatif etanol sehingga menyulitkan tahapan regenerasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum regenerasi etanol melalui analisis kelarutan lignin dan kesetimbangan fasa uap-cair. Pengujian kelarutan lignin dilakukan dengan menjumputkan sejumlah lignin ke dalam 180 mL etanol-air. Percobaan kesetimbangan fasa menggunakan ebuliometer Fowler-Norris termodifikasi, dan simulasi selanjutnya memanfaatkan model UNIFAC (UNIQUAC Functional-group Activity Coefficients). Terdapat lima larutan model sebagai variasi, yaitu larutan A (etanol-air-0,315% NaOH), B (etanol-air-1,26% lignin), C (etanol-air-0,26% furfural), D (etanol-air-0,5% furfural), dan E (etanol-air-1% furfural). Operasi bersifat isobarik pada tekanan 690 mmHg dan temperatur ruang (±25°C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kenaikan kelarutan lignin hanya sedikit dipengaruhi oleh penambahan konsentrasi etanol jika konsentrasinya kurang dari 40%, namun meningkat secara signifikan dan mencapai maksimumnya pada konsentrasi etanol sekitar 70%. Menariknya, konsentrasi ini merupakan kondisi nyata proses ALCELL. Di lain pihak, pada konsentrasi etanol 60-70%, hampir terbentuk azeotrop baru karena faktor kelarutan lignin mencapai maksimumnya (65,7%). Oleh karena itu, lignin perlu diendapkan sebelum regenerasi etanol dengan mengurangi rasio penambahan air. Kehadiran furfural menggeser titik azeotrop yang semula 89%-mol menjadi 72%-mol untuk penambahan 0,26%-massa furfural dan dari 70%-mol untuk penambahan 0,5%-massa furfural. Sebagai tambahan, pemodelan UNIFAC dapat direkomendasikan untuk memprediksi data kesetimbangan fasa uap-cair etanol-air-furfural dengan komposisi etanol di bawah 80%-massa.
Utilization of Modified Zeolite as Catalyst for Steam Gasification of Palm Kernel Shell Joko Waluyo; Petric Marc Ruya; Dwi Hantoko; Jenny Rizkiana; I.G.B.N. Makertihartha; Mi Yan; Herri Susanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 3 Year 2021 (September 2021)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10837.623-631

Abstract

Syngas from biomass gasification is being developed for alternative feedstock in the chemical industry. Palm kernel shell which is generated from palm oil industry can be potentially used as raw material for gasification process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of modified natural zeolite catalysts in steam gasification of palm kernel shells. Mordenite type zeolite was modified by acid leaching to be used as a tar cracking catalyst. Steam gasification was conducted at the temperature range of 750–850 °C and the steam to biomass ratio was in the range of 0–2.25. The result showed that steam gasification of palm kernel shell with the addition of zeolite catalyst at 750 °C and steam to biomass ratio 2.25 could reduce tar content up to 98% or became 0.7 g/Nm3. In this study, gasification of palm kernel shells produced syngas with the hydrogen concentration in the range of 52–64% and H2/CO ratio of 2.7–5.7. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Kinetic Study on the SO2 Adsorption using CuO/γ-Al2O3 Adsorbent David Bahrin; Subagjo Subagjo; Herri Susanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2016 (April 2016)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.11.1.425.93-100

Abstract

Adsorbent CuO/g-Al2O3 for adsorption of SO2 were prepared by impregnating Cu(NO3)2.3H2O solution. Five types of adsorbent were obtained 5Cu (intended Cu concentration of 5%, actual of 4.92%), 8Cu (7.68%), 15Cu(14.13%), 22Cu (20.80%) and 27Cu (25.80%). For activity test, model gas containing SO2 with a concentration of about 0.755 mol/m3 were passed through the bed of 1 gram adsorbent at a flow rate in the range of 1.4-1.8 mL/s. Adsorption of SO2 were carried out at a constant temperature of 300, 350, 400 or 450 °C. Increasing sulfur loadings (gram of sulfur per gram of adsorbent) were observed with increasing adsorption temperatures, but not with increasing Cu content in the adsorbent. Among those types, adsorbent of 8Cu was considered as the best with respect to the sulfur loading (3 g of sulfur per 100 g of adsorbent). Adsorbent 5Cu had actually a better sulfur loading, but it was suspected being contributed also by adsorption of SO2 on Al2O3. The shrinking core model was used in the kinetic study of adsorption using 8Cu and with additional assumption of a spherical particle. Compared to film diffusion and pore diffusion controlling step models, the reaction rate limitation was the best to fit the experimental data. The reaction rate constant for this model at temperatures of 300, 350, 400 and 450 °C were 0.022, 0.038, 0.042, and 0.059 kg.m.mol-1.min-1, respectively. The activation energy was 21.25 kJ.mol-1 and the frequency factor was 2.02 min-1. 
PENGARUH JENIS KARET TERHADAP KETAHANAN SODIUM HIDROKSIDA UNTUK APLIKASI RUBBER LINING Wahyu Tri Utami; Arti, Dewi Kusuma; Indriasari, Indriasari; Fidyaningsih, Riastuti; Hidayat, Ade Sholeh; Amry, Akhmad; Susanto, Herri; Wisojodharmo, Lies; Idvan, Idvan; Iskandar, M Soleh
Warta Perkaretan Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023): Volume 42, Nomor 1, Tahun 2023
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Karet - PT. Riset Perkebunan Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Rubber lining adalah metode yang digunakan untuk melindungi permukaan interior atau eksterior pipa, tangki, bejana, dan aplikasi serupa lainnya dari korosi. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa jenis karet sebagai variabel penelitian, antara lain Karet Alam RSS 1 (RL1), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM 4869 (RL2)), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (RL3), Isobutene Isoprene Rubber (RL4). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis karet terhadap ketahanan sodium hidroksida pada aplikasi rubber lining. Untuk mengetahui sifat-sifat sampel, dilakukan beberapa pengujian mekanik meliputi uji pengembangan, uji rheologi, kekuatan tarik, ketahanan kikis, uji kekerasan. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa formulasi yang optimum untuk pelapis karet tahan basa adalah formulasi dengan bahan utama Styrene Butadiene Rubber .
Co-Authors ,, Syamsudin AA Sudharmawan, AA Abrar Riza Abrar Riza, Abrar Achmad Ali Syamsuriputra Agnes Veronica Victoria Agus Firmansyah Agus Firmansyah Aisyah Ardy Aisyah Ardy Aisyah Ardy Amry, Akhmad Ari Susandy Sanjaya, Ari Susandy Aslamiah Aslamiah Azis Trianto Benny Haryoso David Bahrin Dennie Pohan Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Kusuma Arti Diyah Fadjarwaty Dwi Hantoko Dwiwahdju Sasongko Dwiwahdju Sasongko, Dwiwahdju Dwiwahju Sasongko Dwiwahju Sasongko Dwiwahju Sasongko Edi Susanto Feerzet Achmad Fidyaningsih, Riastuti Frita Yuliati H Hendriyana Hendriyana Hendriyana Hendriyana, Hendriyana Hidayat, Ade Sholeh I.G.B Ngurah Makertihartha I.G.B.N. Makertihartha Idvan, Idvan Indah Retno Wulandary Indriasari, Indriasari Iskandar, M Soleh J Junaedi Jarwinda Jarwinda Jarwinda, Jarwinda Jenny Rizkiana Jenny Rizkiana Joko Waluyo Lienda Aliwarga Lienda Aliwarga Linda, Riska Sari Melia Laniwati Gunawan Mi Yan Muri Mukhrianto Nur Setianingrum Petric Marc Ruya Prasetyaningsih, Yusi Reynard Reynard Reynard Reynard Rizki Pramudiningtyas S Suhartono S Suhartono S Suhartono S. Subagjo Sari Farah Dina Satria, Arysca Wisnu Setianingrum, Nur Suhartono Sunu Herwi Pranolo Suryanet Sari Dewi Suwito Gunadarma Syamsudin Syamsudin Syamsudin Syamsudin Tobias Richards Tobias Richards Wahyu Tri Utami Wisojodharmo, Lies Yazid Bindar Yazid Bindar Yazid Bindar Yusi Prasetyaningsih