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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Jurnal JSIKA Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Jurnal Abdi Masyarakat Indonesia Jurnal Sistem Informasi Universitas Dinamika
Tania Saskianti
Departemen Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi Anak, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Viability and adhesion of osteoblast and fibroblast cells on polymethyl methacrylatehydroxyapatite composite scaffold Wardhani, Karina Kusuma; Roestamadji, Retno Indrawati; Kanawa, Masami; Saskianti, Tania; Basar, Erin Imaniar; Kardikadewi, Varellia Awang Wangi
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v9i1.2026.30-36

Abstract

Introduction: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composites are emerging bone graft candidates, combining mechanical stability with osteoconductivity. PMMA contributes to structural strength and handling properties, while HA enhances bioactivity and bone tissue interaction. Prior to clinical use, biocompatibility toward both hard tissue–related cells (osteoblasts) and soft tissue–related cells (fibroblasts) must be established. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the cell viability and adhesion of osteoblast (hFOB) and fibroblast (BHK-21) cells on a PMMA-HA composite with a 20:80 ratio. Methods: PMMA-HA composite (20:80) scaffolds were synthesized using the freeze-drying method to obtain a porous structure. Cell viability was evaluated using an indirect contact method with the MTT assay after 24 hours of incubation. Surface topography and cell adhesion morphology were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results: The MTT assay revealed cell viability percentages of 82.55% for hFOB cells and 88.14% for BHK-21 cells, indicating favorable cellular responses to the PMMA-HA composite. SEM analysis demonstrated that the scaffold possessed a rough, irregular, and porous surface. Cell adhesion analysis showed distinct morphological responses: hFOB cells exhibited a spherical morphology adapting to micropores, while BHK-21 cells displayed extensive spreading with flattened morphology and filopodia extensions. Conclusion: The PMMA-HA composite met biocompatibility standards, showing cell viability above 70% according to ISO 10993-5. The scaffold supported cell adhesion with specific morphological adaptations for both cell lines, indicating that the PMMA-HA composite is non-cytotoxic and a potential candidate for bone graft applications.
Co-Authors Adinda Putri Ainayah, Aulia Nuur Ali Taqwim Amalia Wimarizky Aprillia, Zita Ardianti Maartrina Dewi Audrey, Natasha Winona Az Zahra, Alivy Aulia Azzahra, Syaina Basar, Erin Imaniar Berliana Ayu Prawesti Permatasari Bonardo, Barnabas Devi Oktaviani, Paramita Dewina Marsha Larasati Dimas Prasetianto Wicaksono Ernestine Harta, Putu Harlia Gilang Rasuna Sabdho Wening Hartman Tanzil Ichyana, Devalna Siwi Irfan, Mochammad Irma Josefina Savitri Irmawati Irmawati Iwan Dewanto, Iwan Jusak Irawan Jusak Irawan Kanawa Misami Kanawa, Masami Kardikadewi, Varellia Awang Wangi Kato, Yukio Limbri, Stephanie Clara Marks, Luc A. M. Marzuqi, Naila Masyithah Masyithah, Masyithah Maulidina Nabilah Tasyakuranti Mega Moeharyono Puteri Meidy Damayanti Merlynike Leo, Leviena Michael Josef Kridanto Kamadjaja Misami, Kanawa Mochammad Irfan Mohd Dom, Tuti Ningseh Nadira Jasmin Nelwan, Sindy Cornelia Octavia, Alfini Prawati Nuraini Rafie Wahyu Purnomo Ramadhani, Karina Retno Indrawati Roestamadji Retno Pudji Rahayu Rizki Amalia Salwa Alya Putri Satiti Kuntari Savitri, Agil Torresia Nirwanasari Seno Pradopo Soegeng Wahluyo, Soegeng Sudarsono, Wahyudi Tri Wijayanti Puspitasari Udijanto Tedjosasongko Udijanto Tedjosasongko Vitasari, Niken Rahma Wardhani, Karina Kusuma Yukio Kato