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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia JITIPARI (Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi dan Industri Pangan UNISRI) Jurnal Pengolahan Pangan Jurnal Kartika Kimia Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia FoodTech: Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Prosiding Simposium Nasional Rekayasa Aplikasi Perancangan dan Industri Prosiding University Research Colloquium Jurnal Ekonomi, Teknologi dan Bisnis Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Jurnal Teknologi Bahan Alam JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
Agung Sugiharto
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Efektivitas Penurunan Kandungan Besi (Fe) dalam Air Tanah Menggunakan Reaktor Gelembung Annisa Damayanti; Pratiwi Pratiwi; Nadya Dara Salsabila; Agung Sugiharto
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 11th University Research Colloquium 2020: Bidang Sains dan Teknologi
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Penurunan kadar besi (Fe2+) terlarut dalam air bersih yang dipakai untuk keperluan domestik dengan sistem aerasi udara bebas menggunakan reaktor gelembung telah dipelajari dalam penelitian ini. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi kerapatan jumlah lubang per satuan luas penampang reaktor, diameter lubang aerasi dan lamanya waktu aerasi. Reaktor dioperasikan sesuai dengan model reaktor mixed flow, dengan diameter 22 cm tinggi 24,5 cm. Efektivitas penurunan kadar besi tertinggi sebesar 86,89% dari kadar mula-mula sebelum aerasi, diperoleh pada konfigurasi reaktor gelembung dengan jumlah lubang 100/0,0177 m2 luas penampang reaktor, diameter lubang aerasi 2 mm dan lamanya waktu aerasi 3 jam. Pengujian kadar besi dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 480 nm.
Pembuatan Briket dari Campuran Sampah Organik dan Blotong Dengan Perekat Tepung Tapioka dan Tepung Jagung Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Rimadani Choirunnisa Triasmoro; Vanila Anggraeni; Agung Sugiharto
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 11th University Research Colloquium 2020: Bidang Sains dan Teknologi
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Briket adalah bahan bakar padat yang diperoleh dari bahan organik maupun limbah industri yang diolah dengan proses karbonisasi, dan dicetak dengan tekanan tertentu. Bahan baku yang digunakan yaitu sampah organik dan blotong. Blotong merupakan limbah produksi guladari pemurnian nira yang sangat mengganggulingkungan bila tidak dimanfaatkankeberadaannya. Perekat yang digunakan adalah tepung tapioka dan tepung jagung masing-masing sebanyak 2 gram. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel bebas sampah organik (12;9;6) dan blotong (6;9;12). Tahapan proses pembuatan briket yaitu persiapan bahan baku, tahap karbonisasi, tahap pencampuran, tahap pembuatan perekat, tahap pembriketan, tahap pengeringan dan tahap uji briket. Dan pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar karbon, kadar abu dan volatile matters.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa briket campuran sampah organik dan blotong dengan perekat tepung tapioka mempunyai nilai kalor 5000,778 kal/gram dan pada briket dengan perekat tepung jagung mempunyai nilai kalor 5054.6783 kal/gram. Hasil penelitian ini sesuai dengan standar mutu SNI No.1/6235/2000 yaitu ≥5000 kal/gram.
Uji Efektifitas Koagulan Kapur (CaO), Ferri Klorida (FeCl3), Tawas (Al2(SO4)3) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar PO4 dan COD Pada Limbah Cair Domestik (Laundry) Dengan Metode Koagulasi Maghfiroh Alifia Nugti; Silvia Mei Dwi Cahyani; Lusty Latifah; Agung Sugiharto
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 11th University Research Colloquium 2020: Bidang MIPA dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Koagulasi merupakan suatu proses pencampuran koagulan dengan pengadukan secara cepat untuk menstabilkan koloid dan solid tersuspensi yang kemudian membentuk jonjot mikro (mikro flok). Dalam proses koagulasi digunakan istilah koagulan, dimana koagulan adalah zat pengendap. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifiktas koagulan dalam menurunkan kadar PO4 dan COD limbah cair laundry. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti memanfaatkan Kapur, Ferri Klorida, dan Tawas sebagai koagulan. Karena selama ini, ketiga bahan tersebut biasa digunakan dalam proses penjernihan air. Pada penelitian pengujian efektifitas koagulan ini, terbagi menjadi 3 tahap yaitu pengujian pretreatment, proses koagulasi (treatment) dan pengujian pretreatment. Variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah dosis koagulan CaO (0,5 gram, 0,65 gram, 0,8 gram, 0,95 gram dan 1,05 gram), FeCl3 (0,5 gram, 0,6 gram, 0,7 gram, 0,8 gram, 0,9 gram) dan Tawas (0,5 gram, 0,7 gram, 0,9 gram, 1,1 gram, 1,3 gram) sedangkan variabel terikat yang digunakan dalam penelitian kadar PO4 dan COD dalam air limbah laundry. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koagulan yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar COD yaitu FeCl3 pada dosis 0,9 gram sebesar 150 mg/L dengan efisiensi 91,43%. Sedangkan koagulan yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar PO4 yaitu kapur dengan rata-rata kadarnya 0,024 mg/L. Dari kedua parameter dilakukan perlakuan waktu koagulasi yang sama yaitu 30 menit.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Asam Klorida dan Waktu Perendaman pada Pembuatan Gelatin dari Tulang Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) sebagai Pengental Sirup Nanas Monica Novia Ardani; Agung Sugiharto
JITIPARI Vol 7 No 2 (2022): JITIPARI
Publisher : Universitas Slamet Riyadi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (343.366 KB) | DOI: 10.33061/jitipari.v7i2.6887

Abstract

Ikan nila merupakan ikan air tawar yang dibudidayakan masyarakat indonesia. Ikan nila mengandung protein, lemak, dan kalsium.Kandungan asam amino pada gelatin tulang ikan nila cukup lengkap sehingga sangat diperlukan oleh tubuh serta berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan pangan .Salah satunya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pembuatan sirup yang menggunakan gelatin dari tulang ikan nila. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsentrasi asam klorida dan waktu perendaman yang optimal untuk pembuatan gelatin yang ditambahkan pada sirup. Sirup yang dihasilkan diarapkan dapat memenuhi standar mutu SNI dan disukai oleh konsumen. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode ekstraksi dengan tahapan sebagai berikut: tahap persiapan bahan baku, degreasing, pembuatan larutan, demineralisasi, ekstraksi, pengeringan dan pengaplikasian pada sirup nanas. Pada proses degreasing dilakukan perendaman tulang ikan nila selama 1 jam yang bertujuan untuk membersikan tulang ikan nila. Selanjutnya tahap demineralisasi, sebanyak 20 gram bahan baku direndam dengan larutan konsentrasi asam klorida 1%, 3% dan 5% dengan waktu (10, 12, dan 24) jam sampai terbentuk Ossein (tulang lunak). Pada proses ekstraksi menggunakan hotplate dengan suhu 60oC selama 4 jam setelah itu disaring dengan kertas saring. Lalu untuk proses selanjutnya pengeringan menggunakan oven dengan suhu 60oC selama 12 jam hingga benar-benar kering. Lalu pengaplikasian gelatin tulang ikan nila dengan sirup. Analisa pada gelatin tulang ikan nila terdiri dari rendemen, derajat keasaman (pH) dan viskositas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitiannya diperoleh bahwa rendemen tertinggi pada konsentrasi 1% dengan waktu 24 jam yaitu sebesar 4,41 %. Sedangkan hasil penelitian gelatin sebagai pengental sirup sesuai dengan mutu SNI, pada konsentrasi HCL 1% dan waktu 24 jam didapatkan pH 3.8 dan viskositas 5.0149 Cp.
The Effect of Fermentation Time of Waste Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) as a Natural Preservative in Tofu Deviana Cahyaningsih; Agung Sugiharto
FoodTech: Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Vol 5, No 2 (2022): October
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jft.v5i2.58155

Abstract

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is a vegetable commonly grown in the highlands. Cabbage is easily rotten or damaged, so the waste produced by cabbage is in the form of rotten leaves. The waste is a substrate of lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus lactic acid-producing bacteria. Preserving food using chemical preservatives can cause health problems for consumers, so natural preservatives are needed that are safe to use. This study aims to utilize lactic acid produced by fermenting cabbage waste as a tofu preservative.  Fermentation functions in the formation of lactic acid bacteria from lactose which can slow down decay. The method used in this study was experimental, and the research design was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a fermentation time variation factor consisting of three levels: 4, 7, and 10 days. The study showed that variations in the fermentation time of the fermented cabbage waste solution resulted in a pH ranging from 3-5, and organoleptic observations on tofu preserved with the liquid from fermented cabbage waste were clean white, pale white, and yellow spots. The texture was not slimy, slightly slimy, and slimy. The odor was not pungent or normal, slightly pungent, and pungent. From the research, it can be concluded that the best time for fermentation cabbage waste is 7 to 10 days, with a pH ranging from 3 to 4. 
Optimization of Ethanol Isolation From Molasses Fermentation Mesh Using Batch Distillation: Simulation With Secondary Data Verification Gibson Gibson; Maulifah Rofidatul Fatikhah; Naufal Mahdi; Agung Sugiharto
Jurnal Ekonomi Teknologi dan Bisnis (JETBIS) Vol. 2 No. 11 (2023): JETBIS : Journal Of Economics, Technology and Business
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/jetbis.v2i11.75

Abstract

This study focuses on the optimization of ethanol isolation from molasses fermentation mash through batch distillation, employing a simulation approach with secondary data verification. Molasses, a byproduct of sugar production, serves as an economical feedstock for ethanol production. The aim is to enhance the efficiency of the distillation process, maximizing ethanol yield while minimizing energy consumption. The research employs process simulation software to model and analyze the batch distillation of ethanol from molasses fermentation mash. The simulation incorporates secondary data verification, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the model against experimental results from previous studies. This iterative process allows for the refinement of simulation parameters, ultimately improving the predictive capability of the model. Key factors such as reflux ratio, distillation time, and temperature profile are systematically varied to identify optimal conditions for ethanol isolation. The study also considers the impact of impurities present in the fermentation mash on the distillation process. Through sensitivity analysis, the influence of different variables on ethanol yield and purity is assessed, aiding in the identification of critical parameters for process optimization. Results obtained from the simulation and verified against experimental data reveal insights into the optimal operational conditions for ethanol isolation. The findings contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable practices in ethanol production from molasses, offering potential economic and environmental benefits. In conclusion, this research bridges the gap between theoretical simulations and practical applications by optimizing the batch distillation process for ethanol isolation from molasses fermentation mash. The incorporation of secondary data verification enhances the reliability of the simulation, providing valuable insights for process engineers and researchers working towards the advancement of ethanol production technologies
Pembuatan Gelatin dari Tulang Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Menggunakan Metode Asam untuk Pengental Sirup Nanas Wardhana, Krisna Wisnu; Sugiharto, Agung
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i1.8349

Abstract

Imports of gelatin in Indonesia have increased according to demand. Gelatin is a protein derivative from collagen fibers derived from bone extraction. Gelatin contains protein, water and minerals. Gelatin is used to thicken, concentrate, and stabilize fluids such as water, acetic acid, and alcohol. The raw material used in the study was tilapia bone due to the lack of utilization of tilapia bone waste treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sulfuric acid concentration on gelatin yield and to apply gelatin as a thickener for pineapple syrup. The methods are degreasing, extraction, and application of pineapple syrup. Variations in the concentration of H2SO4 were 1%, 3%, 5%, and variations in immersion time were 10 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. The analysis carried out on tilapia bone gelatin consisted of yield, acidity (pH) and viscosity. The best yield was produced using 1% H2SO4 and 10 hours immersion, which was 13.77%. The largest pH was produced at 2.47 with the use of 5% H2SO4 and immersion for 24 hours, and the largest viscosity was produced at 7.66 cP with the use of 5% H2SO4 and immersion for 36 hours.
Pembuatan Gelatin dari Tulang Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Menggunakan Metode Asam untuk Pengental Sirup Nanas Wardhana, Krisna Wisnu; Sugiharto, Agung
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (229.125 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i1.8349

Abstract

Imports of gelatin in Indonesia have increased according to demand. Gelatin is a protein derivative from collagen fibers derived from bone extraction. Gelatin contains protein, water and minerals. Gelatin is used to thicken, concentrate, and stabilize fluids such as water, acetic acid, and alcohol. The raw material used in the study was tilapia bone due to the lack of utilization of tilapia bone waste treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sulfuric acid concentration on gelatin yield and to apply gelatin as a thickener for pineapple syrup. The methods are degreasing, extraction, and application of pineapple syrup. Variations in the concentration of H2SO4 were 1%, 3%, 5%, and variations in immersion time were 10 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. The analysis carried out on tilapia bone gelatin consisted of yield, acidity (pH) and viscosity. The best yield was produced using 1% H2SO4 and 10 hours immersion, which was 13.77%. The largest pH was produced at 2.47 with the use of 5% H2SO4 and immersion for 24 hours, and the largest viscosity was produced at 7.66 cP with the use of 5% H2SO4 and immersion for 36 hours.
PEMANFAATAN GELATIN DARI TULANG IKAN NILA (Oreochromis Niloticus) DENGAN METODE ASAM SEBAGAI PENGENTAL SIRUP Sukardi, Risa Wahida Istiqomah; Sugiharto, Agung
Jurnal Pengolahan Pangan Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Alkhairaat Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31970/pangan.v8i1.87

Abstract

Setiap tahunnya impor gelatin di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan. Gelatin yaitu derivat protein yang dihasilkan dari serat kolagen pada kulit dan tulang. Gelatin dapat diproduksi dari ikan laut dan ikan air tawar. Gelatin dapat dimanfaatkan pada minuman misalnya sirup karena digunakan untuk mengemulsi, menstabilkan dan mengentalkan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi CH3COOH pada ekstraksi gelatin dari tulang ikan nila untuk pengental sirup terhadap rendemen, derajat keasamaan (pH) dan viskositas sirup. Tahapan dalam pembuatan gelatin berupa persiapan bahan baku, degreasing, demineralisasi, ekstraksi dan pengaplikasian pada sirup. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode asam. Konsentrasi CH3COOH yang digunakan pada tahap demineralisasi yaitu 0,5%, 1%, 1,5% dengan waktu perendaman 10 jam, 18 jam dan 36 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat konsentrasi CH3COOH pada gelatin berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen, pH dan viskositas sirup. Gelatin terbaik pada konsentrasi CH3COOH 1,5% dengan lama perendaman 10 jam didapatkan rendemen sebesar 3,53%, derajat keasaman (pH) 3,87 dan viskositas sebesar 4,48 cP.
Techno-economic Review of Isolation of Eugenol from Clove Oil with Batch Distillation Sugiharto, Agung; Harismah, Kun; Sekarwati, Erni; Widayatno, Tri
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 19, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2024)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v19i2.34859

Abstract

All parts of the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum L.), including roots, stems, leaves and flowers, can be processed into clove oil. One of the important compounds in clove oil is Eugenol. Pharmaceutical grade eugenol has a very high selling value, however conventional refining without a purification process only produces clove oil with a eugenol content of 78-80%. In this research, the purification of eugenol from clove oil refined by clove farmers was carried out by comparing two methods, namely the reactive extraction process and batch distillation. Analysis of the final products from both processes was carried out by GC-MS. The eugenol isolation process using a reactive extraction method with various variations in NaOH purity obtained optimum results at 2 N NaOH levels where clove oil was produced with a eugenol content of 75.33% with a product recovery of 40%. Meanwhile, eugenol was isolated using batch distillation with constant reflux and atmospheric pressure to obtain pure clove oil with a eugenol content of 97.02% with a product recovery of 28.25%.
Co-Authors Ahmad Fadli Arya Ghifari Alfandi, Rochmad Anggraeni, Vanila Annisa Damayanti Asharani, Regita Azizah, Putri Rizki Nur Budiawan, Ilham Damayanti, Annisa Deviana Cahyaningsih Dwi Cahyani, Silvia Mei Estiyantara, Nurhadi Fatikhah, Maulifah Rofidatul Fuadi, Ahmad M. Ghifari, Ahmad Fadli Arya Gibson Gibson Gibson, Gibson Hamid Hamid Hamid Hamid Handayani, Nindita Haryana, Riswana Stiana Hoyali, Imam Imam Hoyali Indah Dwi Lestari Indah Pratiwi Indriyani, Lusi Jannah, Nabilah Miftachul Kamaratih, Azzahra Ardya Khusna, Laila Al Kinanda, Amalia Kun Harismah Kusmiyati Kusmiyati Latifah, Lusty Lusty Latifah Maghfiroh Alifia Nugti Mahdi, Naufal Mahendra, Rizky Maulifah Rofidatul Fatikhah Maulinasari, Dhita Monica Novia Ardani Mujiburohman, Muhammad Nabilla, Tasya Hudani Nadya Dara Salsabila Naufal Mahdi Nugroho, Aris Tri Nugti, Maghfiroh Alifia Pratiwi Pratiwi Pratiwi Pratiwi Rakotoarisoa, Solofo Roger Revita Mulfi Mefiana Rimadani Choirunnisa Triasmoro Salsabila, Nadya Dara Sekarwati, Erni Silvia Mei Dwi Cahyani Siti Khuzaimah Siti Prihatin Sukardi, Risa Wahida Istiqomah Syarifa, Adilla Tasya Hudani Nabilla Tri Widayatno Triasmoro, Rimadani Choirunnisa Vanila Anggraeni Wardhana, Krisna Wisnu Zidni ‘Ilma Firdaus