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All Journal Jurnal Teknik ITS Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Journal of Civil Engineering JST ( Jurnal Sains Terapan ) Simposium II UNIID 2017 Jurnal Teknik Industri: Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Teknik Industri Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik Sipil Astonjadro Journal of Infrastructure and Facility Asset Management Monas: Jurnal Inovasi Aparatur Journal of Economics and Business UBS Journal La Multiapp Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Journal of Social Research Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Sewagati Journal of Green Science and Technology
I Putu Artama Wiguna
Civil Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya
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Journal : Astonjadro

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Analysis of Factors Causing Variation Orders and their Impact on Construction Contract Value of Main Dam Projects Siahaan, Hasiholan Christian; Wiguna, I Putu Artama
ASTONJADRO Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): ASTONJADRO
Publisher : Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/astonjadro.v13i3.15981

Abstract

The Indonesian government has been actively engaged in extensive dam construction initiatives aimed at harnessing water resources for diverse purposes such as agricultural irrigation, clean water supply, flood control, power generation, and tourism. However, the construction of each main dam project faces challenges, particularly in the form of variation orders that lead to increases in construction costs. This research investigated the factors contributing to variation orders in main dam projects in Indonesia and to assess their impact on the overall construction costs. A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify variation order factors previously studied by researchers. Subsequently, secondary data were gathered through questionnaires administered to various stakeholders involved in main dam projects, including contractors, consultants, and owners. The analysis of questionnaire responses revealed a total of 26 indicators contributing to variation orders, which were categorized into 9 consultant-related factor, 8 owner-related factor, 6 external factor, and 3 contractor-related factor. Four indicators, including the alignment of tender drawings and field conditions, natural changes (weather/geology), changes in work items, and the complexity of dam design, were identified as having mean values greater than 4 on a 5-point Likert scale. This indicates strong consensus among respondents that these indicators significantly contribute to variation orders. A subsequent questionnaire aimed to evaluate the impact of these 26 variation order indicators on construction cost increases. The collected data from respondents was analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results revealed that the contractor-related factor had the most substantial impact on cost increases with a coefficient of 0.14, followed by the external factor at 0.067, and the owner-related factor at 0.04.
Co-Authors Adi, Mochamad Waskito Adi, Trijoko Wahyu Aditya Sutantio Ahyudanari, Ervina Aisha, Della Amien Widodo Andika Ade Indra Saputra Angga Tri Wibowo Anwar, Nadjadji Arif Rahman Hakim Aris Aminulwahyu Astuti, Dhiannita Tri Bramantya Fidiansyah Putra Cahyono Bintang Nurcahyo Candraningtyas, Devita Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Christiono Utomo Dedy Darmanto Dewa Sang Nyata Diah Sarasanty Dwinanda Fadhlan Erma Suryani Farida Rachmawati Farida Rachmawati, Farida Faris Afif Octavio Franciska Lisa Permatasari Gita Prestalita Gumbiratno Widiatmoko Haitin, Res Hanie Teki Tjendani Hansel Samuel Eiros Saragih Herry Budianto Herry Pintardi Chandra Herry Pintardi Chandra Herry Pintardi Chandra Indarto . Indarto . Indarto . Indarto Indarto Indonesia, Aileen Indriyani, Retno Indryani, Retno Irawan Dwi Purnomo Kurniawan, Heru Limbong, Sucipto M. Arif Rohman M. Arif Rohman Mario Hartono Nova Nevila Rodhi Nurcahyo, Cahyono Bintang Panji Bawono Saputro Paulus Pati Richardo Tenawaheng Perdana, Adhitya Permadi, Sonny Citra Peter F Kaming Peter F. Kaming Peter F. Kaming Peter Kaming Peter Kaming Pohan, Muhammad Fauzi Prastyo, Satriyo Agus Adi Putri, Yusronia Eka Raditya, Akmal Ramadhani, Salsafanti Alifthania Retno Indryani Retno Indryani Riski Nugrahaning Gusti Rohman, Mohammad Arif Rohman, Mohammad Arif Rossana Margaret Kadar Yanti Siahaan, Hasiholan Christian Surya, Agung Bagus Swasnawa, I Made Syamsud Dhuha Taurista Yuristanti Tri Joko Wahyu Adi Vita Ratnasari Waliulu, Yusroniya Eka Putri Rachman Winandyani, Medina Yudha Pramana Yusronia Eka Putri