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The Physiological Response of Soybean Genotypes to VAM Inoculation on Selected Drought Stress Levels HAPSOH HAPSOH; SUDIRMAN YAHYA; TEUKU MUHAMMAD HANAFIAH OELIM; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 13 No. 2 (2006): June 2006
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Present research was aimed to study physiological changes of soybean which were inoculated with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM). Glomus etunicatum was exposed to moderate and severe drought condition. Symbiotic association with VAM improved adaptability as it was shown by the increasing leaf proline content. The MLG 3474 and Sindoro are the more tolerant genotypes while the responses of plant to VAM on improving the adaptability to drought were larger on Lokon. Key words: Soybean, mycorrhiza, drought, proline

Manajemen Pemupukan pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Riau Wahyu Hidayat; Sudirman Yahya
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Riau dimulai dari tanggal 13 Februari hingga 13 Mei 2012. Kegiatan penelitian menyangkut aspek teknik dan manajerial dan menjadi karyawan harian lepas (KHL), supervisior dan asisten kebun. Kegiatan penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan teknik dan pengetahuan manajerial. Pengumpulan data yang penulis lakukan meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer meliputi segala informasi yang diperoleh di lapang yang meliputi ketepatan pemupukan, tepat dosis, tepat waktu, dan metode aplikasi. Data sekunder diperoleh dari file perusahaan, berupa data curah hujan, produktivitas, rekomendasi pemupukan, struktur organisasi, dan semua yang berkaitan dengan tenaga kerja. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif.

Manajemen Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Di Kebun Tambusai Kec. Tambusai, Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Riau Yelli Sofiana; Sudirman Yahya
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Tujuan dari program magang ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknis dan manajerial di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan di Rokan Hulu, Riau pada 13 Februari sampai 12 Mei 2012. Data primer dari pengamatan di lapangan dikhususkan untuk persiapan panen buah, dan aspek teknis dan manajerial lainnya dari panen, sistem pemanenan premi, dan produksi tandan buah segar. Data sekunder diperoleh dari arsip perusahaan selama 5 tahun. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, persentase (%) dan nilai rata-rata. Pengamatan data dan hasil di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa manajemen pemanenan perlu ditingkatkan. Masalah yang terkait dengan hasil pemanenan, disebabkan kapasitas panen terlalu tinggi masing-masing pemanen, dan dan prediksi produktivitas per yield yang kurang akurat. Tidak ada resiko masalah dari keterlambatan transportasi ke pabrik dan pengolahan TBS di pabrik.

Pengaturan Jumlah Pelepah untuk Kapasitas Produksi Optimum Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jaqc.) Ignatius Harry Tri Pambudi; . Suwarto; Sudirman Yahya
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Pelepah merupakan organ fotosintesis dan transpirasi pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Pengaturan jumlah pelepah belum mempunyai standard yang sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh jumlah pelepah optimum yang mendukung produksi tertinggi tanaman kelapa sawit. Percobaan dilaksanakan di kabupaten Siak, Riau dari Februari hingga Juni 2013. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok satu faktor dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi jumlah pelepah dan periode mempertahankan pelepah mampu meningkatkan bobot TBS/hektar, bobot TBS/pokok dan bobot TBS rata- rata tanaman berumur < 8 tahun, 8 – 13 tahun, > 13 tahun. Perlakuan F (49-56 pada awal musim hujan dan 41-48 pada musim hujan sampai musim kemarau) merupakan perlakuan terbaik dibandingkan perlakuan yang lain.

Manajemen Pemupukan Kelapa Sawit di Sungai Bahaur Estate, Kalimantan Tengah Aslina Putri Nunyai; Sofyan Zaman; Sudirman Yahya
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Kebutuhan minyak nabati yang terus meningkat menyebabkan perlu adanya peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas minyak nabati dunia. Elaeis guineensis Jacq. merupakan tanaman jenis palma penghasil minyak nabati terbanyak didunia. Kelapa sawit yang tumbuh optimal akan menghasilkan tandan buah yang segar dan minyak yang berkualitas. Budidaya yang tepat mempengaruhi hasil tandan buah segar (TBS) dan salah satu budidaya yang penting adalah pemupukan. Tujuan dilaksanakan kegiatan magang adalah untuk mempelajari kegiatan pengelolaan kebun mulai dari perawatan hingga panen yang dilakukan selama 4 bulan. Metode pelaksanaan magang terdiri dari aspek teknis dan manajerial. Aspek khusus pengamatan manajemen pemupukan konsep 4 tepat pemupukan (4T) yaitu tepat jenis, dosis, waktu, cara, dan tempat. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa konsep tepat waktu belum terlaksana dengan baik dan masih perlu dilakukan upaya peningkatan kualitas tenaga kerja serta fasilitas yang lebih baik agar pelaksanaan pemupukan efektif dan efisien.

Pengelolaan Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) di Afdeling 5 Kebun Tinjowan, Sumatera Utara Hiskia Simanjuntak; Sudirman Yahya
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Tinjowan, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara bertujuan melatih keterampilan dan kemampuan dalam bidang perkebunan, serta memperoleh pengalaman kerja secara langsung dengan mempelajari aspek teknis maupun manajerial. Hal yang diamati dalam pengelolaan panen adalah angka kerapatan panen, kehilangan hasil, taksasi produksi, kualitas pekerjaan panen, rotasi panen, kriteria panen, kebutuhan tenaga panen, sarana dan prasarana panen, organisasi panen, serta transportasi panen. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan pengelolaan panen perlu ditingkatkan. Pencegahan kehilangan hasil perlu digalakkan.

The Genetic Estimation of Fruit Component Parameters of Seven Coconut Populations Without a Progeny Test Dwi Asmono; Alex Hartana; Edi Guhardja; Sudirman Yahya
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 16 No. 1 (1993): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2008.172 KB)

Heritability of fruit characters, such as fruit weight, husk weight, husk thickness, sheal weight, endosperm (water) weight, albumen weight, copra weight, oil content, fruit length and ftuit width. have been estimated on seven coconut populations. The results showed that most of the fruit components of Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) and Malayan Yellow Dwarf (Mm)had relatively high heritability (>0.80), except fruit weight of MRD (0.74) and albumen weight of MYD (0.78). On the other hand, the heritability of those characters in tall populatidns varied between population. All of fruit characters on Polynesian Tall (PYT) and Seruwai Tall (SAT) had relatively high heritability (>0.80). On West African Tall (WAT), most Of the heritability of the fruit characters were relatively high (>0.80). except husk weight (0.75). endosperm weight (0.79) and oil content (0.41). Heritability of seven characters of Bali Tall (BLT) were relatively high, but those of three characters were relatively low; i.e. husk weight (0.52). fruit width (0.56) and husk thickness (0.71). Three fruit characters of Rmnell Tall (RLT) shown higher heritability. those are husk thickness (0.87), endosperm weight (0.92) and fruit length (0.90).

Cacao plant is one of the major commodity of plantation in South East Sulawesi, especially in Konawe regency. Practices of land management implemented by the local cacao farmers in many cases are not in accordance to soil and water conservation principles until caused of soil degradation. The research was aimed to investigate the alteration of soil physics properties on the local farmers cacao cropping land at different slope as related to canopy cover. The research was conducted in Amosilu V Nurmi .; Oteng Haridjaja; Sitanala Arsyad; Sudirman Yahya
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 32 No. 1 (2009): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Cacao plant is one of the major commodity of plantation in South East Sulawesi, especially in Konawe regency. Practices of land management implemented by the local cacao farmers in many cases are not in accordance to soil and water conservation principles until caused of soil degradation. The research was aimed to investigate the alteration of soil physics properties on the local farmers cacao cropping land at different slope as related to canopy cover. The research was conducted in Amosilu Village, Besulutu District, Konawe Regency, the Province of South East Sulawesi, from December 2006 to September 2007. The experimental method with field study was applied in split plot design consisting of three factors, namely (i) slope consisting of two levels (10-15% and 40-45%) and (ii) age of the cacao plant consisting of two levels (5 to 7 months and 25 to 27 months) were used as main plots (P1 = 5 to 7 months and 10-15%; P2 = 25 to 27 months and 10-15%; P3 = 5 to 7 months and 40-45%; and P4 = 25 to 27 months and 40-45%), while (iii) vegetatif conservation treatment was used as sub plots consisting of three levels, i.e T1 = cacao with disc clearing, T2 = dry field rice and soybean rotation within cacao plant, T3 = T2 + Arachis pintoi as strip plant. There was not interaction between both cacao plant and slope treatment with vegetative conservation treatment to soil physics properties, exception on aggregate stability index. The result showed that vegetative conservation treatment (T1) that is cacao with disc clearing was best alternative because they implied the higher rate of total porosity (61,8%) and the lower rate of bulk density (1,013 g cm-3) as soon as the raising of aggregate stability index as well. Key words: cacao, canopy cover, conservation, soil physics properties

The objective of this experiment was to screen 16 soybean genotypes tolerance to double stresses of Al toxicity and drought stress. A pot experiment was conducted at Cikabayan Experimental Station of Bogor Agricultural University from January to Maret 2004. Soybean plants were grown in Gajrug ultisol soil with pH 3.9 and Al saturated 26.61 me/100 g of soil. Al toxicity and drought tolerance were measured from the root length of seedling grown in 75% Al saturation and 40% field capacity compar Chairani Hanum; Wahju Q. Mugnisjah; Sudirman Yahya; Didy Sopandie; Komaruddin Idris; Asmarlaili Sahar
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 32 No. 4 (2009): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The objective of this experiment was to screen 16 soybean genotypes tolerance to double stresses of Al toxicity and drought stress. A pot experiment was conducted at Cikabayan Experimental Station of Bogor Agricultural University from January to Maret 2004. Soybean plants were grown in Gajrug ultisol soil with pH 3.9 and Al saturated 26.61 me/100 g of soil. Al toxicity and drought tolerance were measured from the root length of seedling grown in 75% Al saturation and 40% field capacity compared to 25% Al saturation and 80% field capacity. The decrease of root length much lower at 75% Al saturation and 40% field capacity. Result of the study showed that soybean of Moket, B.3799, Malabar, Wilis, Sindoro, and Slamet were tolerant while Dieng, Sinyonya, B.3780, Sicinang, B.3578, Ceneng, Epyek, MLG 3072, and Tidar were susceptible to Al toxicity and drought stress. Key words: soybean, Al toxicity, drought stress, selection

Soil and water conservation treatment have a significant effect on value of C factor and soil erosion. Vegetatif conservation treatment aimed to reduce of both C factor and soil erosion of the cacao cropping system. The decrease of both C factor and soil erosion were affected by density of crop canopy and plant rows in counter line, with organic matter addition from system mentioned above. Experimental method with field study was applied in split plot design consisting three factors, namely ( Nurmi Hafid; Oteng Haridjaja; Sitanala Arsyad; Sudirman Yahya
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 31 No. 4 (2008): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Soil and water conservation treatment have a significant effect on value of C factor and soil erosion. Vegetatif conservation treatment aimed to reduce of both C factor and soil erosion of the cacao cropping system. The decrease of both C factor and soil erosion were affected by density of crop canopy and plant rows in counter line, with organic matter addition from system mentioned above. Experimental method with field study was applied in split plot design consisting three factors, namely (i) slope consisting two levels (10-15% and 40-45%) and (ii) age of the cacao plant consisting two levels (5 to 7 month and 25 to 27 month) were used as main plots (P1 = 5 to 7 month and 10-15%; P2 = 25 to 27 month and 10-15%; P3 = 5 to 7 month and 40-45%; and P4 = 25 to 27 month and 40-45%), while (iii) vegetatif conservation treatment was used as sub plots consisting three levels, i.e T1 = cacao with disc clearing, T2 = dry field rice and soybean rotation within cacao plants, T3 = T2 + Arachis pintoi as strip plant. There was not interaction between both cacao plant and slope treatment with vegetatif conservation treatment to value of C factor and soil erosion. The value of C factor in cacao plant and slope treatment P3 (0,43) was significantly different with P4 (0,37). The value of C factor in the vegetatif conservation treatment T1 (0,25) was significantly lower (P < 0,05) than T2 (0,55) and T3 (0,39). Soil erosion in cacao plant and slope treatment P2 (15,99 ton.ha-1.year-1) was significantly lower than P1, P3, and P4. Furthermore, soil erosion in the vegetatif conservation treatment T1 (12,95 ton ha-1 year-1) was significantly lower than T2 and T3. Data analysis with ANOVA (analysis of variance) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (P < 0,05) were done by using SAS program. Key words: cacao, erosion, the value of C factor

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