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Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Bahan Tambahan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Miselium Jamur Paha Ayam (Coprinuscomatus) Wahyu Dwi Saputra; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Aris Mumpuni
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Abstrak Coprinus comatus merupakan salah satu jamur pangan yang potensial untuk dibudidayakan secara komersial. Jamur C. comatus termasuk ke dalam jamur edible dan medicinal. Tubuh buah C. comatus mengandung antioksidan dan beberapa asam amino esensial. Jamur C. comatus tumbuh optimal pada medium yang mengandung suplemen. penambahan suplemen pada medium tanam jamur bertujuan untuk memberikan nutrisi yang dibutuhkan jamur. Suplemen ditambahkan dengan jumlah tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kombinasi jenis suplemen dan konsentrasi suplemen yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan jamur C. comatus. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola Faktorial dengan dua faktor uji yaitu jenis dan konsentrasi suplemen. Suplemen yangdigunakan yaitu dedak padi (bekatul), dedak jagung (ampok), dedak gandum (polar), dan tepung gandum. Konsentrasi suplemen yang digunakan yaitu 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini yaitu penambahan suplemen dengan Konsentrasi berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan miselium jamur C. comatus. Suplemen yangbaik untuk menumbuhkan jamur C. comatus adalah ampok jagung dan dedak padi. Konsentrasi yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan miselium jamur C. comatus adalah dedak jagung dengan konsentrasi 5% dan dedak padidengan konsentrasi 15%. KataKunci : Coprinus comatus, kecepatan pertumbuhan miselium, penambahan suplemen

Detection of Psychotropic Compound in Coprophilous Fungi in District of Baturraden Banyumas Regency Safira Amanda; Aris Mumpuni; Nuraeni Ekowati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 3 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.4245

Coprophilous fungi or dung loving fungi are a group of fungi adapted to life on dung and fecal pellets of herbivorous animals. Coprophilous fungi contain psychotropic compounds. Psychotropics compounds are substances or drugs, both natural and synthetic, not narcotics, which have psychoactive properties through a selective influence on the central nervous system which causes distinctive changes in mental activity and behavior. Chemical Spot Test still remain an important tool for the preliminary identification of illicit drugs and other psychotropic compound in spite of developments in instrumental technology and the increased portability of this technology which enables its use in the field. Banyumas Regency is a very potential area as a habitat for coprophilous fungi, specifically in Baturraden District because there are many cattle farms where the dung is where the fungi grow, also the climate is suitable for fungal growth. make an inventory and identify the coprophilous fungi found in District of Baturraden Banyumas Regency and to detect the presence of psychotropic compound in the fungi. The research will be conducted using purposive random sampling and Color Test or Chemical Spot Test analysis. The obtained data is analyzed descriptively by comparing with Atlas of The Munsell Color System. This research obtained seven genera of coprophilous fungi i.e: Coprinellus sp., Coprinopsis sp., Entoloma sp., Gymnopus sp., Lepiota sp., Parasola sp. and Stropharia sp. that discovered in two cattle farms in Baturraden District.

Aplikasi Jamur Pelapuk Putih pada metode Biopulping berbahan dasar Limbah Daun Kayu Putih (Melaleuca leucadendron) Syifa Mubarrak; Aris Mumpuni; Nuraeni Ekowati
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 4 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3386

biopulping limbah daun kayu putih lama dan limbah daun kayu putih baru dan mengetahui JPP terbaik untuk proses biopulping limbah daun kayu putih. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan berupa menginokulasikan JPP (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Ganoderma lucidum, dan Pleurotus tuberregium), tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel penelitian terdiri atas variabel bebas berupa jenis JPP yang berbeda dan umur limbah, variabel terikat berupa kemampuan biodelignifikasi JPP pada limbah daun kayu putih. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah kadar lignin dan kadar selulosa sebelum dan sesudah masa inkubasi daun kayu putih. Parameter pendukung yang diamati adalah berat limbah sebelum dan sesudah inkubasi, pH, dan Berat Media.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan kadar lignin dan selulosa pada seluruh perlakuan. Hasil rata-rata penurunan kadar lignin terbesar yakni pada perlakuan jamur P. tuberregium terhadap limbah daun kayu putih lama sebesar 0,014%. Penurunan kadar selulosa akhir tertinggi pada perlakuan jamur terbesar adalah pada jamur G. lucidum terhadap limbah daun kayu putih lama mengalami rata-rata penurunan selulosa terbesar 3,22%.

BIOPULPING BAGASSE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN JENIS JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH DAN WAKTU INKUBASI YANG BERBEDA angelin marhavyna cristy; Aris Mumpuni; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.1878

Bagasse is fibrous residue that remains after the sugarcane is crushed to extract it’s juice. It mostly consists of lignocellulosic materials that may provide material for paper production through biopulping process. White rot fungi (WRF) is producers of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes that has the capability to mineralize lignin compounds. Three types of white rot fungi that were used in this study are Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Schizophyllum commune. Each of it was inoculated on bagasse substrate within 0, 15, and 30 days of incubation. This study was aimed to know the effect of interaction between white rot fungi and incubation time in the biopulping process and to investigate the most appropriate fungus and incubation time to produce good material for paper making obtained from sugarcane bagasse. The experimental design was done by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern in two factors and analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on highly different significance effect of the treatment. The result of this study showed that S. commune is the most effective fungi to degrade highly lignin content (17.38% to 8.88%) at 30 days of incubation, while P. chrysosporium is the most effective fungi to lowering cellulose content in small amount (23.64% to 19.38%) during 30 days of incubation.

Identifikasi Jamur Patogen dan Tingkat Persentase Penyakit pada Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) di Sentra Tanaman Sayur Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga Agustina Nursanti; Eddy Tri Sucianto; Aris Mumpuni
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 3 No 1 (2021): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.3396

Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) merupakan tanaman sayuran daun dari family Compositae (Asteraceae) yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi. Selada mengandung banyak mineral dan vitamin yang berguna untuk kesehatan. Tanaman selada memiliki daun yang berombak, bergerigi, berwarna hijau segar dan ada juga yang berwarna merah. Terdapat beberapa kendala dalam budidaya tanaman selada diantarnya adalah gangguan hama dan penyakit seperti siput, nematoda, busuk daun, dan busuk akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur patogen penyebab penyakit dan tingkat persentase penyakit pada tanaman Selada di Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan secara purposive random sampling di dua lokasi yang berbeda. Proses identifikasi dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil pengamatan dideterminasi dengan buku identifikasi dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Postulat Koch. Hasil penelitian di Sentra Tanaman Sayur Desa Serang, Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga, didapatkan jenis penyakit selada adalah penyakit busuk daun (bottom rot) dan bercak daun. Penyakit busuk daun disebabkan oleh jamur Rhizoctonia sp. dan penyakit bercak daun disebabkan oleh jamur Nigrospora sp. Penyakit yang paling banyak muncul pada tanaman selada yaitu penyakit busuk daun oleh Rhizoctonia sp. dengan frekuensi kemunculan sebanyak 206 kali dan rata-rata persentase penyakit sebesar 52,79%.

Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Juni Safitri Muljowati; Aris Mumpuni
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.275

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) on the growth medium of tomato plant toward fusarial wilt and to determine effective concentration and time of application of the extract to control the wilt. Experiments arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed for in vitro antimicrobial assay and in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) for in planta antimicrobial assay, both of which were to find out the inhibitory effect of the extract on colony growth of Fusarium oxysporum (Schlecht). f.sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyd. et Hans. (Fol). The results indicated that neem leaf extract concentration of 5% applied at 7 DAP (Day After Planting) was the most effective treatment in inhibiting disease intensity of fusarial wilt on tomato plant showing inhibitory effect of up to 89.32%.

Identifikasi dan UJi Potensi Amilolitik Isolat Jamur Pendegradasi Sampah Organik Insaaniy Mahdiyatul Haqq; Ratna Stia Dewi; Aris Mumpuni; Arif Rahman Hikam; Dwiana Muflihah Yulianti
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Bioeksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2022.4.1.4748

Sampah organik merupakan sampah yang tersusun dari senyawa organik. Penumpukan sampah organik cukup menjadi masalah serius. Jamur memiliki peran penting untuk mendegradasi sampah organik dalam proses pengomposan. Biodegradasi sampah organik berkaitan erat dengan kemampuan jamur dalam menghidrolisis senyawa amilum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui isolat jamur pendegradasi amilum yang diperoleh dari sampah organik dan mengetahui potensi amilolitik dari isolat jamur tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei dan eksperimental . Sampel sampah dapur yang terdiri atas sisa makanan dan bahan organik lainnya diambil dari rumah penduduk yang terletak di Kelurahan Bancarkembar, Bobosan, Grendeng, Karangwangkal, Pabuaran, Purwanegara, dan Sumampir. Tes screening menggunakan medium Starch Agar untuk mengetahui potensi amilolitik dari isolat jamur. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat delapan isolat jamur yang berpotensi dalam mendegradasi amilum. Sebanyak enam isolat jamur yang memiliki indeks amilolitik terbaik dengan nilai IE ≥ 1 teridentifikasi sebagai isolat Fusarium sp., Aspergilus sp., dan Penicillium sp. Selanjutnya untuk mengetahui aktivitas amilolitik secara kuantitatif dilakukan dengan metode DNS melalui pengukuran kadar glukosa. Isolat jamur Fusarium sp. memiliki aktivitas degradasi amilum yang paling tinggi dengan rata-rata kadar glukosa dari medium Fusarium sp. sebanyak 3.568,63 ppm

BIO-PULPING BAGASE SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUATAN KERTAS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SPESIES JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH DAN WAKTU INKUBASI Budiarti, Vio Indah; Ratnaningtyas, Nuniek Ina; Mumpuni, Aris
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.1798

The Biopulping is defined as the biological process of lignin degradation by utilizing microorganisms that produce some enzymes. A microorganism which widely known in the degradation of lignin and cellulose is a group of white-rot fungi. The aims for this research to know the most effective white rot fungi species of G.lucidum, P.tuber-regium, and T.versicolor in the degradation of lignin and cellulose with different incubation time on bagasse substrate. The effectivity of biopulping indicated by the highest degradation of lignin concentration and the lowest degradation of cellulose concentration. This study used an experimental design with Completely Randomized design with a two factorial pattern. The independent variable of this study is white rot fungi species and incubation time while the dependent variable is the concentration of lignin and cellulose. The main parameter was the concentration of lignin and cellulose, supporting parameters were pH, weight loss of substrate and mycelial growth. The result showed the degradation of lignin and cellulose in all treatment. The best degradation of lignin and cellulose showed by species T.versicolor and P.tuber-regium within 30 days of incubation

BIOPULPING BAGASSE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN JENIS JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH DAN WAKTU INKUBASI YANG BERBEDA cristy, angelin marhavyna; Mumpuni, Aris; Ratnaningtyas, Nuniek Ina
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 3 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.3.1878

Bagasse is fibrous residue that remains after the sugarcane is crushed to extract it’s juice. It mostly consists of lignocellulosic materials that may provide material for paper production through biopulping process. White rot fungi (WRF) is producers of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes that has the capability to mineralize lignin compounds. Three types of white rot fungi that were used in this study are Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Schizophyllum commune. Each of it was inoculated on bagasse substrate within 0, 15, and 30 days of incubation. This study was aimed to know the effect of interaction between white rot fungi and incubation time in the biopulping process and to investigate the most appropriate fungus and incubation time to produce good material for paper making obtained from sugarcane bagasse. The experimental design was done by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern in two factors and analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on highly different significance effect of the treatment. The result of this study showed that S. commune is the most effective fungi to degrade highly lignin content (17.38% to 8.88%) at 30 days of incubation, while P. chrysosporium is the most effective fungi to lowering cellulose content in small amount (23.64% to 19.38%) during 30 days of incubation.

Pengaruh Cercospora sp. terhadap Kandungan Asam Askorbat pada MekanismePatogenisitas Bercak Daun Tanaman Cabai : Kajian secara In vitro dan In planta Yuliawati, Nasriyatun; Mumpuni, Aris; Muljowati, Juni Safitri
BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed Vol 2 No 2 (2020): BioEksakta
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.2.1896

Red chili is a vegetable commodity that has high economic value in Indonesia. Leaf spot disease caused by the fungus Cercospora sp. is one of the limiting factors in red chili production. The occurrence of leaf spot disease is determined by the success of the pathogenesis by the fungus Cercospora sp. In addition, red chilies that are resistant to leaf spot disease have higher ascorbic acid content than vulnerable red chilies. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability to grow pathogens Cercospora sp. on the medium which was given ascorbic acid and know the effect of inoculation of the pathogen Cercospora sp. against ascorbic acid content in red chili leaves (C. annuum L.). This study used an experimental design with a completely randomized design (CRD). In vitro tests carried out consisted of PDA and PDB medium which were given ascorbic acid with a concentration of 0 mg.l-1, 0,25 mg.l-1, 0,5 mg.l-1, 0,75 mg.l-1 and 1,0 mg.l-1. In planta testing was using hot chili red chili varieties, large red chili varieties and curly red chili varieties. The treatments that were tested included calculation of disease intensity and ascorbic acid content in red chili leaves. In vitro test the main parameters observed were the diameter colony of the fungus Cercospora sp. dan mycelium dry weight. In planta test the main parameters observed were the intensity of the disease, while the supporting parameters were the incubation period of the disease, the content of ascorbic acid in the red chili leaves, temperature and humidity. In vitro test data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level, then the treatment that gave a real or very real difference was followed by the Least Significant Difference test (LSD). In planta test data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level, then the treatment that gave a real or very real difference was followed by the Least Significant Difference test (LSD). The results showed that the pathogen Cercospora sp. able to grow well on the PDA medium and GDP medium which were given ascorbic acid. Inoculation of pathogen Cercospora sp. can increase ascorbic acid content in red chili leaves.

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