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Tirto Prakoso
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty Of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences

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Evaluation of the effects of fatty ester isomerization and turpentine-derived additive introduction on biodiesel cold flow properties and oxidation stability Antonius Indarto; Yano Surya Pradana; Alif Kembara Alam; I Gusti Bagus Ngurah Makertihartha; Tirto Prakoso; Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.61192

Abstract

Biodiesel is a cleaner and renewable combustion fuel that globally serves as an effective alternative to fossil diesel. The current application of this biofuel is still restricted to specific concentration due to its poor cold flow properties (CFPs) and low oxidation stability (OS). Later, isomerization process was offered to improve cold flow properties as well as oxidation stability. In this study, palm-biodiesel isomerization was carried out atmospherically using SO4/SnO2 catalyst, prepared via wet nitration method, in the stirred batch reactor at temperature of 200oC, catalyst loading of 10 wt%, stirring speed of 900 rpm, and under N2 flow. The performance of catalyst and the effect of fatty ester isomerization on CFPs and OS were investigated. For comparative study, the effect of bio-additive (turpentine oil and α-terpineol) introduction, at concentrations of 1−10 vol%, on CFPs and OS was also evaluated. The isomerization results demonstrated a conversion ratio of 12.54±0.60%, an isomerization selectivity of 75.92±5.79%, and an overall turnover frequency of 1.75×10−1±8.5×10−3 h−1. This reaction had a small reduction in pour point (ΔPP = ‒1oC), a minor elevation in cloud point (ΔCP = 0.50±0.15oC), and a slight improving effect in OS (ΔOS = 1.36 h). Furthermore, the optimum insertion of bio-additive was α-terpineol at concentration of 5 vol%, demonstrating a more significant enhancement in CFP parameters (ΔPP = ‒1oC; ΔCP = ‒1.75±0.15oC). Nevertheless, it significantly reduced OS level (ΔOS = ‒11 h), although the absolute value (OS = 10.36 h) remains compliant with international standards.
Co-Authors Akiko Tanaka Akiko Tanaka Alif Kembara Alam Antonius Indarto Aqsha Aqsha Arry K. Rizky Aryan Fathoni Amri Astri Nur Istyami Astri Nur Istyami Bryan Bryan Bustomi, Agus Tendi Ahmad Dadan Kusdiana Dadan Kusdiana Daniel Yonathan, Daniel Danu Wicaksana DARMANSYAH . Endar Puspawiningtiyas Eviani, Mitra Fanany, Muhammad Rifki Febriyanto, Pramahadi Godlief F. Neonufa Gozali, Edbert Guan, Guoqing Gultom, Cristy Hagi Guoqing Guan Hanifah Widiastuti Hary Devianto Heri Rustamaji I Gusti Bagus Ngurah Makertihartha Ida Bagus Oka Lyong Budhatama Indra G. Pasaribu Isdiriayani Nurdin Istyami, Astri Nur Johnner P Sitompul Kurniawan, Indra B M.T.A.P. Kresnowati Maria Mahardini Sakanti Mario C. Gultom Meiti Pratiwi Melyna, Ella Mitra Eviani Nainggolan, Federiko Markus Lasardo Nugroho, R Heru Parncheewa Udomsap Parncheewa Udomsap Pilanda Lembono Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Retno G. Dewi Rizkiana, Jenny Roy Winarso S. Subagjo Saputera, Wibawa Hendra Sarastri Cintya Hapsari Sari, Myra Wardati Septhian Marno Setyo Yanus Sasongko Shinichi Goto Shinichi Goto Simparmin br Ginting Soerawidjaja, Tatang H. Tantra Diwa Larasati Tatang H Soerawidjaja Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Toshihiro Hirotsu Toshihiro Hirotsu Widdy Andya Fanny Widiatmoko, Pramujo Yano Surya Pradana Yoel Pasae