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All Journal Transmisi: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro GEMA TEKNOLOGI BERKALA FISIKA Jurnal Matematika Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Pengabdian Vokasi
Yuniarto Yuniarto, Yuniarto
PSD III Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro Jl. Prof. Sudharto, SH, Kampus UNDIP Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Education Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Physics Other

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Rancang Bangun Prototipe Robusta Coffee Bean Dryer Berbasis ESP32 Dengan Kontrol Suhu Otomatis dan Monitoring Melalui BLYNK Novi Chiquita Dewi Azizah; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 23, No 1 (2024): April 2024 - October 2024
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v23i1.90330

Abstract

The coffee bean drying process is one of the post-harvest stages that affects bean quality, but conventional drying still depends on weather conditions and takes a relatively long time. This study aims to design and build a prototype ESP32-based Robusta coffee bean dryer with automatic temperature control and a monitoring system via Blynk. The system was designed using a modified 750 W electric oven as the drying chamber, an SHT30 sensor to measure temperature and relative humidity, an OLED display and a joystick as the local interface, and a Solid State Relay (SSR) to control the heating element. Temperature control is performed using the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) method with parameters Kp = 1.5, Ki = 0, and Kd = 0.7 at a setpoint of 65°C. Temperature and humidity data are transmitted in real-time to Blynk via a Wi-Fi network and recorded in Google Sheets to support the monitoring and analysis process. Testing was conducted under two scenarios: drying using an oven with PID control at a setpoint of 65°C and conventional drying by sun-drying. The test results showed a rise time of 8 minutes with an overshoot of 4.62% (peak temperature of 68°C) and a steady-state average temperature of 64.58°C. The relative humidity in the drying chamber decreased from 93% to 19.8% in approximately 8 hours and 37 minutes. The results of the moisture content test using the gravimetric method showed a final moisture content of 12%, which meets the maximum limit of 12.5% based on SNI 01-2907-2008. In conventional testing, the sample mass decreased from 400 grams to 130.4 grams over seven days. These results indicate that the designed prototype is capable of performing the drying process with integrated temperature control and monitoring of the drying chamber conditions.
Prototype Sistem Proteksi Terhadap Undervoltage dan Overvoltage pada Panel Distribusi Tegangan Rendah Berbasis Internet Of Things (IoT) Khofifah Zhiya Ulhaq; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 22, No 1 (2022): April 2022 - Oktober 2022
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v22i1.90230

Abstract

In this modern era, the stability of electrical systems plays a crucial role in sustaining various aspects of human life. Particularly in households and industry, a reliable and high-quality electricity supply is essential. However, electrical systems often face disruptions. Among these disruptions, overvoltage and undervoltage are serious concerns due to their significant impact. In this final project, the author designed a prototype system to protect against overvoltage and undervoltage in low-voltage distribution panels based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The goal is to minimize damage to electrical equipment caused by overvoltage or undervoltage. This prototype utilizes an Arduino Mega 2560 as the control center, collects data from a PZEM-004T sensor to measure electrical parameters, and displays the information on an LCD screen and via the Blynk app on a smartphone. The protection system in this thesis is designed to operate automatically upon detection of undervoltage or overvoltage. Based on the results of the experiments conducted, the IoT-based overvoltage and undervoltage protection system for low-voltage distribution panels is capable of cutting off the power supply to the load when overvoltage or undervoltage occurs. Alerts are provided via a buzzer and notifications on the Blynk app. In addition, the real-time monitoring system for voltage, current, and power per phase also functions as intended, with consistent and accurate data displayed on both the LCD and the Blynk app. Voltage measurements using the PZEM-004T sensor demonstrate excellent accuracy, with an error of 0.26% and an accuracy rate of 99.74%.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Deteksi Dini Titik Panas Dan Proteksi Otomatis Pada PHB-TR Menggunakan Sensor Inframerah MLX90614 Berbasis IoT Fenty Nurhaliza; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 21, No 3 (2021): April 2021 - October 2021
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v21i3.90272

Abstract

A rise in temperature at the PHB-TR connection terminals due to loose connections can cause hotspots, which have the potential to disrupt and damage the electrical power distribution system. Therefore, this study aims to design and build a prototype system for the early detection of hotspots and automatic protection of PHB-TRs using an IoT-based MLX90614 infrared sensor. The system is designed using the MLX90614 sensor as a non-contact temperature detector, the ESP32 as the main controller, an LCD for local monitoring, MQTT-based web monitoring for remote monitoring, and a Telegram Bot for notifications. The system can display temperature conditions categorized as normal, warning, and danger, and perform automatic protection by tripping the load when the temperature reaches the danger level. Test results show that the system operates according to the design logic, with an optimal sensor measurement distance of 2 cm, an average sensor calibration error of 1.55%, and an average Telegram Bot notification delay of 1.33 seconds. In addition, the reset feature and safety interlock mechanism also functioned properly, allowing the system to resume operation once the temperature returned to normal. Based on these test results, the designed prototype successfully performed its functions of monitoring, early detection, notification, and automatic protection.
Simulasi Sistem Monitoring Suhu Dan Tekanan Internal pada Transformator Daya Berbasis ESP32 Menggunakan Website Dinar Salsabiela; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 23, No 1 (2024): April 2024 - October 2024
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v23i1.90331

Abstract

Power transformers are prone to operational failures due to increases in internal temperature and pressure. Given that built-in mechanical protection systems operate only reactively, this study aims to design a real-time early-detection and tank-monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This system was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller, a Type K thermocouple sensor, and a pressure sensor. The sensor readings are processed to control safety actuators (buzzer, heater relay, and solenoid valve) based on three threshold conditions: SAFE, WARNING, and DANGER. The system also visualizes monitoring data on a Node-RED website and automatically logs the history via Google Spreadsheet. Test results show that the simulated system successfully responds to changing conditions as designed. When the status is WARNING, the buzzer activates as an early warning. In the DANGER condition, the microcontroller automatically turns off the heater and opens the solenoid valve to reduce pressure. Validation tests recorded a very low average reading error percentage—0.36% for temperature and an average deviation of 1.47 psi for pressure—compared to the reference measuring instruments. Overall, this system simulation successfully performed remote monitoring and protection functions with a high level of accuracy.
Rancang Bangun Deteksi Pencurian Kabel Power Pada Gardu Distribusi Jaringan Tegangan Rendah 3 Phase Mukhammad Khoirurrijal; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 22, No 3 (2023): April 2023 - October 2023
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v22i3.90300

Abstract

Power cables at three-phase distribution substations are particularly vulnerable to theft by unscrupulous individuals. This is because the conductors used in these power cables are made of copper, which has a high resale value. Given this situation, a power cable theft detection system was developed using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller to transmit reading data and alerts to the Arduino IoT Cloud platform, as well as to send warning messages to WhatsApp Messenger via CallMeBot when power cable theft occurs. The parameters used to detect this activity are voltage readings obtained from the PZEM-004T sensor—with an error margin of 0.0036%–0.0049%—and time data obtained from the `millis()` function on the NodeMCU. When theft occurs, the microcontroller will trigger the buzzer and send alert messages to both the Arduino IoT Cloud and WhatsApp Messenger via CallMeBot.
Pengaturan Suhu Dan Kelembaban Serta Penyiraman Pestisida Secara Otomatis Untuk Peningkatan Produksi Jamur Tiram Yonathan Dwi Nugroho; Iwan Setiawan; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 21, No 4 (2022): October 2021 - April 2022
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v21i4.90288

Abstract

Oyster mushroom production is often hindered by suboptimal temperature and humidity, as well as manual pest control, leading to inefficiency. This project proposes a prototype system for automatic temperature and humidity control, along with scheduled pesticide spraying, to improve the efficiency and productivity. This system uses an ESP-32 microcontroller, a DHT22 sensor for temperature and humidity monitoring, and an RTC DS1307 for scheduling. Actuators include heaters, Peltier coolers, exhaust fans, humidifiers, and a pesticide pump. Users can monitor and configure the system locally via a 16x2 LCD and keypad or remotely through a web dashboard. Calibration of the DHT22 sensor reduced temperature reading errors from 4.32% to 0.31% and humidity errors from 1.4% to 0.22%. The system maintained temperature within 26–28°C (setpoint 27°C, differential 2) and humidity within 88.5–91.5% (setpoint 90%, differential 3). The automated pesticide spraying functioned according to schedule (every 3 days for a duration of 5 seconds at 17:00). The web dashboard interface showed good performance with a Google Lighthouse score of 100 and a speed index of 0.9 seconds. Oyster mushrooms grow optimally at approximately 4 cm per day and are ready for harvest by the fourth day.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengendalian Suhu Pada Kandang Ayam Anak Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Arduino Nano Berbasis PID Muhammad Syauqillah; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): October 2022 - April 2023
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v22i2.90245

Abstract

Broiler chicken farming requires a stable environmental condition, particularly in terms of temperature and humidity, to support optimal growth and prevent thermal stress. To overcome the limitations of manual temperature regulation, an automatic temperature control system was designed based on the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) algorithm using an Arduino Nano microcontroller. This system utilizes the DHT22 sensor to read temperature and humidity, while a keypad allows users to input the desired temperature set point. The PID output signal is used to regulate the power of a PTC heater through an AC Light Dimmer module using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). Additionally, two fans serve as a ventilation system: an exhaust fan to expel hot air and a cooling fan to introduce fresh air. Testing demonstrated that the system could maintain the cage temperature close to the set point of 34°C with a relative sensor error of only 0.86%. Four rounds of PID tuning were conducted, resulting in optimal parameters of Kp = 21.8, Ki = 0.048, and Kd = 3800. These results show that the system offers more stable and efficient temperature control compared to conventional on-off methods. Furthermore, the system is designed to operate offline without an internet connection, making it suitable for implementation in remote farming areas.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Dan Deteksi Dini Gangguan Pada Panel Surya Berbasis Internet Of Things (IoT) Menggunakan Komunikasi Blynk Gilang Alviano; Jaka Windarta; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 23, No 2 (2025): October 2024 - April 2025
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v23i2.90340

Abstract

The use of solar power plants (SPP) requires a monitoring system capable of displaying operating parameters and identifying malfunctions early on. This study aims to design and build an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring and early fault detection system for solar panels using the ESP32 and Blynk communication. The system uses an INA219 sensor to measure voltage, current, and power; a BH1750 sensor to measure light intensity; and a DS3231 RTC for time logging. Data is processed using the Rule-Based Fault Detection method to identify NORMAL, SHADOW, and CABLE FAULT conditions, displayed in real-time on Blynk, and saved to Google Spreadsheet at five-minute intervals. Testing included sensor validation, 24-hour monitoring, and fault simulations. Validation results showed an average error of 0.94% for the INA219 current, 0.50% for voltage, and 0.35% for the BH1750 light intensity, with accuracies of 99.06%, 99.50%, and 99.65%, respectively. During the monitoring test, the maximum power during charging reached 33.841 W, while the minimum power during discharging was recorded at 0 W. The system identified normal conditions at a voltage of 14.38 V, a current of 2.16 A, a power of 30.62 W, and a light intensity of 54,612 lux without issuing a notification. Under SHADOW conditions, a light intensity of 67.5 lux, a current of 0.0002 A, and a power of 0.002 W triggered a fault status and a notification. Under CABLE FAULT conditions, a light intensity of 1,496.67 lux with a current of 0 A and a power of 0 W was also detected and generated a notification. These results demonstrate that the system can monitor solar panel parameters and distinguish between three operating conditions based on the applied rules.
Rancang Bangun Mesin CNC Router Untuk Pencetakan Jalur PCB Berbasis Arduino Uno Muhammad Iqbal Irsyad; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 21, No 4 (2022): October 2021 - April 2022
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v21i4.90285

Abstract

This study discusses the design and construction of a CNC router for PCB trace routing based on the Arduino UNO, using a NEMA 17 stepper motor and a 775 DC spindle. The machine was designed for a working area of 200 × 100 mm and tested on three types of PCB designs: PTH, SMD, and hybrid. Test results show the accuracy of axis movement after calibration, with average errors of 0.25% (X), -0.309% (Y), and 0.45% (Z). Testing of the PCB traces revealed that small traces (0.4–0.5 mm) exhibited significant deviations of up to 253%, while traces ≥1 mm in width were relatively accurate with errors <5%. The length and width dimensions of the PCB had very small errors (<0.6%), and all traces were successfully connected. Factors contributing to the deviations included the limitations of the timing belt-based mechanical system, the FlatCAM cutting parameters, and the machine’s body material. The results of this study indicate that an Arduino UNO-based CNC machine can be used for the production of simple PCBs with guaranteed connectivity, although improvements in accuracy are still needed for small-sized traces.
Rancang Bangun Pendeteksi Kebocoran Gas LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) Berbasis Arduino Uno Menggunakan Sensor MQ-5 Dan Buzzer Kartika Hialdha Marel; Yuniarto Yuniarto
Gema Teknologi Vol 22, No 4 (2024): October 2023 - April 2024
Publisher : Vocational School Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gt.v22i4.90302

Abstract

Kartika Hialdha Marel 1), Yuniarto 2),  LPG gas leakage is one of the causes of fires and explosions that can endanger safety. This research aims to design and develop an LPG gas leakage detection system based on Arduino Uno using an MQ-5 sensor, buzzer, LEDs, and a 16x2 I2C LCD as warning and information media. The MQ-5 sensor is used to detect LPG gas concentration in Parts Per Million (PPM), then the data is processed by Arduino Uno to determine the system condition based on a predetermined threshold value. The system was tested under five conditions, namely no gas, low gas concentration, medium gas concentration, high gas concentration, and system response testing. The test results showed that under normal conditions the gas concentration remained within a safe range, while under high gas concentration conditions the system was able to detect concentrations up to 367.45 PPM and automatically activate the buzzer and blinking red LED when the concentration exceeded 200 PPM. Based on the test results, the system successfully operated according to the design in detecting LPG gas leakage and providing automatic early warning.
Co-Authors Adhila Rafik, Adhila Adi Kurniawan Yusim Adi Nugroho Adi Nugroho Ari Bawono Putranto Arkhan Subari Ayun Sriatmi Budhi Soesilo, Tri Edi Damar Nurwahyu Bima David Robby Sanjaya, David Robby Didik Ariwibowo Dinar Salsabiela Dinda Hapsari Kusumastuti, Dinda Hapsari Dista Yoel Tadeus DWI SURYANTO Dzulfikar Muhammad Azhar, Dzulfikar Muhammad Eko Ariyanto Fakhruddin Mangkusasmito Fakhrudin Mangkusasmito Fenty Nurhaliza Gilang Alviano Hamzah, Udi Syahnoedi Hartono Hartono Heru Winarno Ichsyan Nafik, Ichsyan Iwan Setiawan Jaka Windarta Kartika Hialdha Marel Khofifah Zhiya Ulhaq Megarini Hersaputri Mohd Ridwan Muhammad Iqbal Irsyad Muhammad Syauqillah Mukhammad Khoirurrijal Novi Chiquita Dewi Azizah Priandito Mukti Ramadhan Sarwoko Sarwoko Sarwoko Sarwoko Seno Darmanto Seno Darmanto Tari Purwanti Yonathan Dwi Nugroho Yusuf Umardani Yusuf Umardani