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All Journal The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Paediatrica Indonesiana Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia World Nutrition Journal Muhammadiyah Journal of Geriatric Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics Neurona
Ninik Mudjihartini
Department Of Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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The mTOR and total protein levels of stunted children Andreinie, Ria; Mudjihartini, Ninik; Chandra, Dian Novita; Sekartini, Rini
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.1.2025.26-36

Abstract

Background Malnutrition is still a major health problem for children, with stunting being one of its manifestations. Human growth is in part controlled by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Studies reviewing mTOR level and growth disorders in children are still limited and no research has described mTOR levels in stunted children in Indonesia. Objective To assess for a relationship between mTOR and total protein levels in blood plasma in stunted children aged 6-24 months and compare these levels with those in non-stunted children. Methods This case-control study was conducted in South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Subjects were children aged 6-24 months. The inclusion criteria for the case group are children who have a length-for-age of <-2SD and the control group are children who have a body length according to age of more than or equal to -2 SD from the WHO growth standard chart. Anthropometric measurements were plotted on the WHO Growth Standards chart, while mTOR and total protein levels were measured using an ELISA method and spectrophotometry, respectively. Results Of 142 subjects, 71 children were allocated into each case and control group. Child characteristics that were significantly different between the two groups were age (P=0.002), birth length (P=0.012), weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) (P<0.001), and body mass index (BMI) (P=0.015). WAZ status with the categories underweight and severely underweight had a higher risk of stunting. The mTOR and total protein levels between the two groups were not significantly different. Conclusion Further research is needed to explain the mechanism of mTOR signal deviations in children's growth and development, as mTOR and protein levels are not significantly different in stunted and non-stunted children.
Intermittent Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia Increases VEGF, HIF-1α, and Nrf-2 Expressions in Brain Tissue Wardaya, Wardaya; Sukmawati, Dewi; Ibrahim, Nurhadi; Ferdinal, Frans; Mudjihartini, Ninik; Sadikin, Mohamad; Jusman, Sri Widia A.; Satriotomo, Irawan; Mulyawan, Wawan
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i2.3519

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), play a crucial role as neuroprotective factors. Currently, there is a lack of studies examining the biomolecular responses of the brain to intermittent hypoxia resulting from various pressures. This study was conducted to investigate the physiological responses, histopathological features, and cellular adaptive responses in the brains of rats that were intermittently exposed to hypobaric hypoxic conditions.METHODS: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: a control group and five treatment groups exposed to hypobaric hypoxia. The treatment groups were placed in a hypobaric chamber simulating an altitude of 3,048 meters for 1 hour/day for 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. After exposure, brain tissue was collected for histopathological analysis and protein quantification of HIF-1α, Nrf-2, cytoglobin (Cygb), neuroglobin (Ngb), VEGF, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT).RESULTS: In the brain, intermittent hypobaric hypoxia significantly increased HIF-1α expression (p=0.000) and its downstream proteins Cygb (p=0.000), and VEGF (p=0.001), with a peak at 14x IHH exposure compared to control. This was followed by a significant increase in Nrf-2 expression (p=0.000), SOD (p=0.000), Gpx (p=0.000), and CAT activity (p=0.000), indicating an adaptive antioxidant response. Conversely, MDA levels was decreased with prolonged exposure, suggesting reduced oxidative damage.CONCLUSION: IHH elevates HIF-1α, Nrf-2, and oxidative stress markers, triggering an adaptive antioxidant response in the rat’s brains.KEYWORDS: HIF-1α, intermittent hypobaric hypoxia, Nrf-2, oxidative stress
Peran reseptor nuklear pada implantasi dan perkembangan blastokista Endrico Xavierees; Ninik Mudjihartini
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 4 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2021.v4.37-46

Abstract

Syarat penting untuk terjadinya kehamilan, yaitu blastokista pada fase tertentu siap melakukan implantasi dan proliferasi endometrium, sehingga menjadi reseptif terhadap embrio untuk melakukan implantasi. Pada tahap selanjutnya, masih terdapat proses molekular yang berkesinambungan sampai pada akhirnya terjadi hubungan langsung antara blastokista dan dinding endometrium dengan membentuk plasenta. Implantasi yang tidak efisien tentunya akan menyebabkan kegagalan implantasi, sehingga muncul masalah infertilitas. Sebanyak 30% kasus kegagalan kehamilan disebabkan oleh masalah kesehatan embrio. Pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai sinyal-sinyal yang berperan pada kedua proses berkesinambungan tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan metode terapi yang baru pada kasus infertilitas, sehingga meningkatkan jumlah kehamilan.
Nutrient Intake Profile Among Children Aged 6–24 Months in Indonesia: A Descriptive Analysis Nurdina, Nazlah; Chandra, Dian Novita; Mudjihartini, Ninik; Sekartini, Rini
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 9 No. S1 (2025): Vol. 9 No. S1 (2025): Selected conference proceedings of the Nutri Symposium 2
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V09.S1.0024

Abstract

Background: Adequate nutrient intake in early childhood is critical for growth, cognitive development, and immune function. The first two years of life are a sensitive period where nutritional deficiencies may lead to long-term consequences. However, many children in low- and middle-income countries fail to meet dietary needs due to limited diversity and poor feeding practices. Objectives: To describe the intake of energy, macronutrients, and key micronutrients among Indonesian children aged 6–24 months
Urinary PYD/Creatinine Ratio Has Negative Correlation to Serum 25(OH)D and Positive Correlation to Chronic Lead Exposure Index Hajar, Siti Sarah; Mudjihartini, Ninik; Manikam, Nurul Ratna Mutu; Mulyana, Mulyana; Mansyur, Muchtaruddin
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i4.3174

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The burden of disease due to lead exposure continues to increase. Lead interferes with 25(OH)D hydroxylation and calcium transport, increasing osteoclastic activity and bone resorption. Pyridinoline crosslinks (PYD), as an indicator of bone damage, can be seen earlier compared to imaging changes. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and the urinary PYD/creatinine ratio in workers exposed to lead, since up to now, there are only limited studies related to it.METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 104 workers exposed to lead, selected from parents whose children had blood lead levels above 10 µg/dL. Questionnaires and physical examination were performed to obtain characteristic data from subjects. Data regarding blood lead levels, serum 25(OH)D levels, urinary PYD levels, and urinary creatinine levels were also obtained from various laboratory methods.RESULTS: Most subjects (86.5%) had inadequate serum 25(OH)D. Median blood lead levels was 6.3 (1.2-35.5) µg/dL, chronic lead exposure index was 35.3 (1.2-535.8) years µg/dL, serum 25(OH)D levels was 22 (8-52) ng/mL, and urinary PYD/creatinine ratio was 5.3 (3.6-28.1)×10-6. There was a significant negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and urinary PYD/creatinine ratio in workers exposed to lead. There was also a significant positive correlation between chronic lead exposure index and the urinary PYD/creatinine ratio.CONCLUSION: Since urinary PYD/creatinine ratio is correlated with serum chronic lead exposure index and serum 25(OH)D levels, it suggests that pyridinoline might be a potential biomarker to detect bone metabolism disorder due to the chronic lead exposure. Vitamin D adequacy is also an important factor in preventing bone metabolism disorder amidst chronic lead exposure.KEYWORDS: 25(OH)D, bone resorption, pyridinoline, lead, worker
Vitamin D and COVID-19: Insight on Mechanism and Implementation in Equatorial Countries Setyarini, Indah Bachti; Ratna, Nurul; Mudjihartini, Ninik
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 71 No 2 (2021): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, Vo
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.71.2-2021-354

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, affecting millions of people worldwide due to its ease of transmission. Despite limited information on effective therapeutic options, vitamin D has been regularly reported to exert beneficial immunomodulatory effects affecting both innate and adaptive immune systems. As it is synthesized in the skin under ultraviolet radiation, population living in equatorial countries are presumed to have adequate vitamin D, however several studies have shown otherwise. This article is aimed to give an insight on the different mechanisms by which vitamin D affects our immune system in COVID-19, as well as discussing correlation of having sunlight all year round by being near the equator towards vitamin D adequacy.
Peptida Antimikrobial Cathelicidin dan Hubungannya terhadap Vitamin D dalam Masa Pandemi COVID-19 Devana, Natasha Dianasari; Mudjihartini, Ninik
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 72 No 6 (2022): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, Vo
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.72.6-2022-923

Abstract

A peptide known as antimicrobial peptide (AMP) possesses antimicrobial effects against bacteria, fungus and viruses. AMP, also known as Host Defense Protein (HDP), is one of the body's defense mechanisms since it has the capacity to actively kill viruses. When it comes to respiratory cells, which are the major target of the SARS CoV-2 virus that produces COVID-19, cathelicidin, a kind of AMP in humans, is known to have protective properties. Cathelicidin AMP performance represents the first-line action of the natural immune system, with cathelicidin synthesis linked to appropriate vitamin D levels. Numerous earlier studies have discovered a connection between low cathelicidin levels and low vitamin D levels; this underlines the significance of vitamin D levels in strengthening the immune system. Naturally, particularly for the production of cathelicidin, which serves as the body's primary line of defense during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Achmad Mulawarman Jayusman Ahmad A. Jusuf Almira Devina Gunawan Andriani Andriani Ani Retno Prijanti Astrid Mariam Khairani Siregar Chandra, Dian Novita claresta diella Devana, Natasha Dianasari Dewi Sukmawati Diana Sunardi Diyah Eka Andayani Diyah Eka Andayani Ekawati, Maria Endrico Xavierees Erni Purwaningsih Estiana Filzadiyanti Febriana Catur Iswanti Frans Ferdinal Hadiyati Fudla Hajar, Siti Sarah Harmelia, Dwi Helena Fabiani Ika Superti Daruningrum Inge Permadhi Jusman, Sri Widia Azraki Karin Wiradarma Khusun, Helda Krisnamurti, Desak G.B. Livia Kurniati Saputra Mohamad Sadikin Mohamad Sadikin Mohamad Saekhu Muchtaruddin Mansyur Mulyana Mulyana Nani Dharmasetiawani Novi Dewi Tanjung Nurdina, Nazlah Nurhadi Ibrahim Nurul Ratna Mutu Manikam Pratiwi, Sandi Puspita Prawirohajo, Pukovisa Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti Purwaningsih, Erni H. Purwosunu, Yuditiya Rahmawaty Ridwan, Rahmawaty Raphael Kosasih Ratna, Nurul Ray Sugianto, Ray Reni Paramita Reni Paramita Ria Andreinie Rini Sekartini Rita Lahirin, Rita Saptawati Bardosono Saptawati Bardosono Satriotomo, Irawan Setyarini, Indah Bachti Sheira Taflah Putri Handana Sheira Taflah Putri Handana Sianipar, Imelda M. Siti Farida Sri W.A. Jusman Sri Widia A Jusman Wardaya Wardaya Wawan Mulyawan Widia AJ, Sri Wiji Lestari Wiji Lestari Yulhasri Yulhasri