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Crafting an ideal penitentiary law: a global comparative framework for Indonesia’s correctional system Anis Widyawati; Ade Adhari; Ridwan Arifin; Helda Rahmasari; Heru Setyanto
Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 33 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ljih.v33i2.40358

Abstract

This study develops an ideal model of penitentiary law for Indonesia's correctional system through a comparative analysis with other legal frameworks. The study examines systems in South Africa, Thailand, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Japan, and Brazil using doctrinal normative legal research and comparative legal analysis. Primary sources include legal documents, statutes, relevant legislation, and scholarly literature. The findings reveal key components of an ideal penitentiary system: a rehabilitative legal framework that aligns punishment with rehabilitation; provisions for individualised assessment and treatment; a disciplined, transparent system for grievance handling; legislative support for educational and vocational programs; and policies for community reintegration. Notable contributions from other countries include Japan's rehabilitation system, the Netherlands’ alternative sentencing approach, Germany’s vocational training programs, France’s parole systems, South Africa’s restorative justice initiatives, and Thailand’s family connection efforts. Brazil's flexible sentencing and rehabilitation strategies to address overcrowding further inform the model. This research proposes a comprehensive penitentiary law framework emphasising legal pluralism, situational flexibility, robust regulatory mandates, and a balance between security and humane treatment. The model is designed not only for Indonesia but also offers a valuable reference for other nations, grounded in empirical research on corrections and recidivism, and adhering to international human rights standards for prisoner treatment.
Pemberatan Pidana Berbasis Doktrin Erfolgshaftung terhadap Kasus Penganiayaan Hewan Kolektif (Putusan PN No. 247/Pid.B/2023/PN Nnk) Sherlyn Nathalia Cheung; Ade Adhari
SPEKTRUM HUKUM Vol 22, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Spektrum
Publisher : PMIH Untag Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56444/sh.v22i2.6702

Abstract

Seringnya kasus penyiksaan hewan di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap hewan belum efektif meskipun ketentuan pidana telah tersedia. Pasal 302 ayat (2) KUHP mengatur bahwa setiap orang yang dengan sengaja menyakiti atau memperlakukan hewan secara tidak adil sehingga mengakibatkan penderitaan atau kematian dapat dihukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kepastian pemberatan pidana dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 247/Pid.B/2023/PN Nnk melalui teori syarat pidana dan doktrin Erfolgshaftung. Metode yang digunakan adalah hukum normatif dengan mengkaji peraturan, kepustakaan, dan putusan pengadilan melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua unsur pemberatan pidana terpenuhi, meliputi perbuatan, kesengajaan, kemampuan bertanggung jawab, dan sifat melawan hukum. Analisis dengan menggunakan doktrin Erfolgshaftung menegaskan bahwa akibat kematian hewan melalui cara yang kejam seharusnya menjadi dasar pemberatan pidana. Namun, hukuman satu bulan yang dijatuhkan hakim tidak mencerminkan proporsionalitas atau kepastian pemberatan hukuman. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa hukuman pidana belum diterapkan secara tepat, dan paradigma penjatuhan hukuman yang lebih responsif terhadap konsekuensinya diperlukan untuk memperkuat perlindungan hukum bagi hewan.
Fulfilling Women’s Rights in Jakarta’s Class IIA Prison Ade Adhari; Anis Widyawati; Indah Aprilia; Amad Sudiro
Jurnal Dinamika Hukum Vol 25 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jdh.2025.25.1.15466

Abstract

Correctional institutions function to provide correctional services to inmates who are carrying out criminal sentences. For female prisoners, Indonesia places them in special correctional institutions for women. The Jakarta Class IIA Women's Correctional Institution is one institution formed to guide female WBPs. While in prison, prisoners have rights that must be respected, protected, and fulfilled. This article attempts to establish a national legal policy to guarantee the rights of women inmates in Indonesia and the availability of inmates' rights in Indonesia. This research is yuridis normative. The research results show that at a practical level, there are rights of female prisoners that cannot be accessed, their fulfillment is late, and their fulfillment is a formality to fulfill the provisions of the rules. The various factors that cause non-optimal fulfillment of rights include overcapacity, lack of exceptional standards for female prisoners, inadequate budget, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, weak third-party support, and problems with the quality of human resources for prison officers. The author suggests that the Government fulfill the human rights of inmates by making many changes, such as increasing the budget, collaborating with third parties, and others. Suggestions for the Government to continue to improve the fulfillment of the rights of women prisoners, which is not just a formality but is also optimized, for example, prison capacity, adequate budget, infrastructure, and the quality of prison officer resources.
State Loss as the Basis for Criminalizing Corruption by State-Owned Enterprise Employees Harry Harmono; Ade Adhari
Jurnal Daulat Hukum Vol 9, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jdh.v9i1.51847

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the legal certainty of the sentencing basis in the cassation ruling of Supreme Court Decision Number 283 K/Pid.Sus/2021, and to formulate the ideal sentencing model for determining the legal basis for imposing sanctions on corruption committed by State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) employees. The research method used was normative legal research with a statutory approach and case approach, analyzing court decisions through library research and qualitative-prescriptive analysis. The novelty in this research lies in the identification of a structural normative weakness in the Supreme Court's reasoning, where the choice of article was based on the magnitude of state losses rather than systematic proof of the elements of the offense a practice that creates legal uncertainty and potential double standards in law enforcement. Based on the research, it was concluded that the cassation decision contained argumentation weaknesses from the standpoint of Gustav Radbruch's theory of legal certainty, and the ideal sentencing model must build juridical qualification in a structured manner, concretely prove formal unlawfulness, and integrate the principle of proportionality combining retributive, preventive, and restorative dimensions in a balanced manner.
PENDAMPINGAN PENYUSUNAN PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI ONLINE BAGI SISWA SMA 17 JAKARTA Ade Adhari; Joshua Steven Ongaran; Ibra Fulenzi Amri
Jurnal Serina Abdimas Vol 4 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Serina Abdimas
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Tarumanagara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24912/jsa.v4i1.37540

Abstract

Entering the digital economy era, the pervasive influence of information technology significantly shapes trade and commercial transactions, leading to the rise of online commerce through e-commerce platforms. Information technology in buying and selling transactions offers substantial benefits to businesses by boosting revenue and to consumers by providing ease in acquiring essential goods and services. However, this proliferation of e-commerce also carries the potential for errors and fraudulent activities during online buying and selling processes, often resulting in breach of contract (wanprestasi). Such issues necessitate proactive measures, including legal outreach and education on the drafting of online sale and purchase agreements. This is particularly crucial for businesses, consumers, and especially students and young adults. This article details the implementation of a Community Engagement Program (PKM) at SMA 17 Jakarta titled "Assistance in Drafting Online Sale and Purchase Agreements for Students of SMA 17 Jakarta. During this legal outreach, a juridical review of online sale and purchase agreements was provided, alongside an explanation of the substantive regulation of such agreements. The outreach concluded that a well-drafted online sale and purchase agreement offers legal certainty and protection for the interests of all parties involved. These agreements must adhere to the principles outlined in the KUHPerdat and the UU ITE. Furthermore, the substantive provisions of such agreements must clearly delineate the rights, obligations, and responsibilities of the parties, and incorporate all essential elements of a valid contract. Memasuki era ekonomi digital dan penuh teknologi, perbantuan teknologi informasi sangat menentukan pada aspek perdagangan atau jual beli sehingga muncul perdagangan online melaluui e-commerce. Teknologi informasi pada jual beli sangat bermanfaat untuk pelaku usaha dalam meningkatkan pendapatann dan konsumen dalam hal kemudahan mendapatkan kebutuhan hidup. Pada sisi lain adanya e-commerce berpotensi timbulnya kekeliruan dan kecurangan yang dimanfaatkan ketika proses jual dan beli secara online. Kekeliruan tersebut berakibat adanya wanprestasi. Adanya permasalahan seperti wanprestasi yang terjadi pada transaksi jual dan beli online perlu diatasi dan dicegah dengan sosialisasi atau penyuluhan hukum tentang penyusunan perjanjian jual dan beli online untuk pelaku usaha dan konsumen khususnya kalangan pelajar atau usia remaja. Telah dilaksanakannya PKM di SMA 17 Jakarta dengan judul Pendampingan Penyusunan Perjanjian Jual Beli Online bagi Siswa SMA 17 Jakarta. Dalam penyuluhan hukum tersebut, dijelaskan tinjauan yuridis mengenai perjanjian jual dan beli secara online dan substansi pengaturan perjanjian jual dan beli. Hasil dari penyuluhan tersebut yaitu perjanjian dalam jual beli secara online memberikan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan terhadap kepentingan para pihak. Perjanjian tersebut harus mengacu kepada KUHPerdata dan UU ITE. Selain itu, substansi pengaturan dari perjanjian harus memuat hak, kewajiban, dan tanggung jawab para pihak dan terdapatnya unsur-unsur wajib dalam perjanjian.
The Role of Public Legal Awareness in Efforts To Prevent Illegal Gold Mining Jhoni Lie; Ade Adhari
Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah Vol 21, No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : UNISSULA Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jhku.v21i2.53544

Abstract

Illegal Gold Mining (PETI) is a persistent problem in various regions in Indonesia. This activity not only causes state losses in terms of tax revenue and levies, but also impacts environmental damage and threatens public safety. One factor contributing to the continued prevalence of illegal gold mining is the low level of public legal awareness regarding the importance of complying with mining licensing provisions. This study aims to analyze the role of public legal awareness in preventing illegal gold mining practices and identify obstacles faced in increasing such legal awareness. This study uses an empirical legal research method with a socio-legal approach. The results indicate that public legal awareness plays a significant role in preventing illegal gold mining practices through increasing understanding of legal regulations, compliance with licensing provisions, and community participation in protecting the environment. However, economic factors, low levels of education, and suboptimal legal socialization remain major obstacles. Therefore, synergy is needed between the government, law enforcement officials, and the community to increase legal awareness in order to realize sustainable mineral resource management.
Penghapusan Unsur Merugikan Keuangan Negara: Sinkronisasi Undang-Undang Tipikor dengan UNCAC Christian Samuel Lodoe Haga; Ade Adhari
Asas Wa Tandhim: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan Dan Sosial Keagamaan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Cokroaminoto Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47200/awtjhpsa.v5i1.3237

Abstract

The current Corruption Law still uses the element of "causing loss to state finances" as the main element of the crime, thus creating legal uncertainty and limiting the effectiveness of corruption eradication. This study uses a normative juridical method with a comparative legal approach between the Corruption Law and the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) to analyze the direction of synchronization between the two. The results show that the UNCAC does not require state losses, but rather emphasizes the corrupt act itself, such as abuse of office, bribery, and illicit acquisition of wealth. In conclusion, the removal of this element is an important step in synchronizing the Corruption Law with the UNCAC. Therefore, the recommendation for its removal should focus on unlawful acts and asset recovery.
Position for the Formulation of the Principle of Ultimum Remedium in the Criminal Law Codes in Various Countries Ade Adhari; Pujiyono Pujiyono; Shidarta Shidarta; Anis Widyawati; Leony Sondang Suryani
Lex Scientia Law Review Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Contemporary Legal Challenges and Solutions in a Global Context
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lslr.v8i1.14061

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of a fundamental and universal principle in criminal law: the principle of ultimum remedium. This principle advocates for the use of criminal sanctions as a last resort, to be employed only when all other avenues have been exhausted. The primary focus of this study is to examine how the principle of ultimum remedium is articulated within the criminal codes of various countries. The countries selected for this analysis—Germany, Slovenia, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Kosovo, Montenegro, and Kyrgyzstan—were chosen randomly. By scrutinizing these formulations, the study aims to delineate an ideal framework for the application of the ultimum remedium principle. This research utilizes a doctrinal methodology, and through this lens, the article finds that legislators in numerous countries frequently integrate the principle of ultimum remedium implicitly within provisions that address basic principles and limitations of the use of criminal law, basic principles and limitations of criminal law enforcement, basic principles and limitations of criminal sanctions, and basics of criminal accountability. Nonetheless, some countries have explicitly codified the principle of ultimum remedium within provisions titled "The Principle of Subsidiarity of Criminal Repression." These articulated principles serve as crucial guidelines for legislators and law enforcement authorities.
PENYULUHAN HUKUM PENGGUNAAN SOCIAL MEDIA YANG SESUAI DENGAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN BAGI SISWA SMA PELANGI KASIH Ade Adhari; Joshua Steven Ongara; Ibra Fulenzi Amri
Jurnal Serina Abdimas Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Jurnal Serina Abdimas
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Tarumanagara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24912/jsa.v3i3.37035

Abstract

Advances in information technology have led to the development of increasingly sophisticated and futuristic communication instruments and devices, notably the emergence of social media. Platforms such as Facebook, X, Instagram, TikTok, and similar services have become integral to human activity. Undeniably, the use of social media offers considerable convenience; however, it also has the potential to foster new behaviors within society that can bring both positive and negative consequences for individuals and users alike. Behaviors leading to negative outcomes can potentially result in criminal offenses, particularly among adolescents and students who may still struggle with emotional control. This article details a Community Engagement Program (PKM) conducted at SMA Pelangi Kasih, titled "The Use of Social Media in Accordance with Laws and Regulations." During this legal outreach, various aspects were explained, including the factors contributing to the proliferation of cybercrime on social media and the proper use of social media in compliance with legal frameworks. The primary objective of this outreach was to ensure that high school students, particularly those at SMA Pelangi Kasih, avoid criminal acts and utilize social media in accordance with existing laws and regulations. The results of the outreach highlighted that the rampant growth of cybercrime via social media stems from low public legal awareness, suboptimal cybersecurity measures, insufficient law enforcement against cybercrime, and inadequate existing regulations concerning cybercrime. Furthermore, to foster the use of social media in accordance with regulations, users must be aware of the boundaries stipulated in UU ITE. ABSTRAK Kemajuan teknologi informasi membuahkan hasil yaitu munculnya instrumen atau perangkat komunikasi yang semakin mutakhir dan futuristik. Salah satu hasil dari kemajuan teknologi informasi munculnya social media. Banyaknya social media yang bermunculan seperti Facebook, X, Instagram, Tiktok, dan sejenisnya sulit dilepas dari aktivitas manusia. Tidak dapat disangkal bahwa penggunaan media sosial memang membawa begitu banyak kemudahan bagi manusia. Penggunaan social media berpotensi menimbulkan tingkah laku baru di masyarakat yang dapat mendatangkan kebaikan dan juga keburukan bagi orang lain atau bagi penggunanya. Tingkah laku yang mendatangkan keburukan berpotensi melakukan tindak pidana bagi penggunanya, khususnya pada kalangan usia remaja atau pelajar yang masih tidak stabil dalam mengontrol emosi. Telah dilaksanakannya PKM di SMA Pelangi Kasih dengan judul Penggunaan Social Media yang Sesuai dengan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Dalam penyuluhan hukum tersebut, dijelaskan aspek-aspek mengenai faktor yang menjadi penyebab berkembangnya kejahatan di social media dan penggunaan social media yang sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Tujuan dari penyuluhan ini yaitu agar pengguna social media pada kalangan siswa SMA khususnya SMA Pelangi Kasih terhindar dari tindak pidana dan menggunakan social media sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penyuluhan tersebut yaitu penyebab tumbuh suburnya kejahatan siber melalui social media sebagai medianya yaitu kesadaran hukum masyarakat yang rendah, faktor keamanan di dunia maya yang kurang optimal, minimnya penegakan hukum pada kejahatan siber, dan peraturan yang belum memadai pada kejahatan siber. Selain itu, untuk mewujudkan penggunaan social media yang berdasarkan peraturan, pengguna social media harus tau batasan-batasan yang telah diatur dalam UU ITE.
ANTARA LOYALITAS PARTAI DAN PROFESIONALISME KABINET: MENAKAR IMPLIKASI HUKUM RANGKAP JABATAN MENTERI Muhamad Dandy Kurniawan; Ade Adhari
Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 5 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2026.v14.i05.p05

Abstract

Tujuan studi ini untuk mengkaji implikasi hukum terkait ketua umum partai politik yang merangkap jabatan sebagai menteri pada Kabinet Merah Putih. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normative dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat ketua umum partai politik yang merangkap jabatan sebagai menteri pada kabinet merah putih. Apabila ditinjau dari ketentuan Pasal 23 Undang-undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2008 Tentang Kementerian negara, pimpinan organisasi yang sumber keuangan organisasinya berasal dari Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara (APBN) / Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Daerah (APBD) dilarang rangkap jabatan sebagai menteri. Berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 34 ayat (1) huruf c Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2011 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 Tentang Partai Politik yang pada intinya menyatakan Keuangan Partai Politik bersumber dari bantuan keuangan dari APBN/APBD. Dengan demikian dari uraian diatas maka secara otomatis akan menimbulkan implikasi hukum. Study objectives This For study implications law related chairman general party dual politics​ position as ministers in Kabinet Merah Putih. This study method is normative law with approach legislation. Study results show that there is chairman general party dual politics​ position as ministers in Kabinet Merah Putih. If reviewed from provisions of Article 23 of the Law Number 39 of 2008 concerning State Ministries, leader organization that sources finance the organization originate from Budget Income State Expenditure / Budget Income Regional Expenditure is prohibited double position as minister. Based on provision Article 34 paragraph (1) letter c of the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 2 of 2011 concerning Changes to the Law Number 2 of 2008 Concerning Political parties which in essence state Finance Political parties are sourced from from help finance from Budget Income State Expenditure / Budget Income Regional Expenditure. With thus from description on so in a way automatic will cause implications law.
Co-Authors Afpryanto Sihaloho Alfredo Juniotama Arifin Alvina Alvina Alvira Damayanti Amad Sudiro Amelia Elisabeth Putri Kusuma Amelia Elisabeth Putri Kusuma Andreas Antonio Angelica Christin Milenia Anis Widyawati Anis Widyawati Arya Sulistiawan Aryani, Fajar Dian Asep Saiful Abdi Austin Junior Averina Angelrika Carrissa Aggasta Lui Chatarina Dwi Agista Chrisjane Tasya Renwarin Christian Samuel Lodoe Haga Clara Amanda Claritha Delia Lohanda Daniel Hasudungan Nainggolan Darius Andana Haris Dave Hamonangan Delviola Azhara Dewa Gede Agung Oka Danurdara Dwi Cesario Mellio Kurniawan Dwiky Chandra Efryando Stefen Andreas Sinaga Eliza Della Kanaya Della Kanaya Ester Daniela A Siregar Fauzia Amanta Fransisca Iriani Roesmala Dewi Gilbert Winata Harry Harmono Helda Rahmasari Heru Setyanto Ian Dharsono Wijaya Pane Ibra Fulenzi Amri Ibra Fulenzi Amri Ida Kurnia Imelda Martinelli Imelda Martinelli Indah Aprilia Indah Siti Amelia Isabella Merlin Anjani Jhoni Lie Joshua Steven Ongara Joshua Steven Ongaran Kenny Viano Lewi Kong Ateng Lambertus Josua Tallaut Lambertus Josua Tallaut Laura Cecilia Leony Sondang Leony Sondang Suryani Levina Cerelia Lin Yan Che Luisa Srihandayani Lusi Apriyanti Mahardika Candrasari Malvin Jati Kuncara Alam W Marcella Julita Muhamad Dandy Kurniawan Muhammad Axel Putra Musmuliadin Musmuliadin Niella Tasya Ullie Pujiyono Pujiyono Putri Khalisha Humaira Yusuf Ridwan Arifin Ryan Adiputra Samantha Elizabeth Fitzgerald Sanny Nuyessy Putri Sevira Elda Sherlyn Nathalia Cheung Shidarta Shidarta Sy. Hilda Sopia Lianty. A Teuku Renardi Idfidian Timothy Sutanto Simamora Tundjung Herning SB Tundjung HS Tundjung HS Windisen Windisen Yudha Putra Manurung Yudith Ridzkia Zavira Aulia